scholarly journals “The Middle” as a Methodological Tool for Studying Social Reality

2020 ◽  
pp. 529-564
Author(s):  
Alexey P. Davydov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Reality ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Peace Treaty ◽  
Methodological Tool ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Unity Of The Self ◽  
Successful Change

The article considers the possibility of interpreting the meaning of the “middle” as a methodological tool for studying social reality. Various types of “middle” are analyzed. “The Middle” J. P. Sartre/V. S. Bibler has liberal Cartesian roots. Through the principle of “I am responsible for my being-for- Other, but I am not its foundation,” it is aimed at the mastery and control of the Other by the Self. This type of “middle” allows the unity of the Self with the Other while maintaining the independence of the subjects from each other. This unity of subjects involves the regulation of relations between them through a change in the subject of dialogue (the interpolar “middle”) and the transition from dialogue as a one-time act to a process of multi-level dialogue. Examples of the Westphalian peace treaty between Catholics and Protestants (1649) and the Brest- Lithuanian peace treaty between Russia and Germany (1918) are given as examples of a successful change in the subject of dialogue. “Middle” M. M. Bakhtin/B. A. Lectorsky has social-democratic/ Christian-democratic roots. Through the principle of “I am for the Other from the point of view of the Other/Other for me from my point of view”, she aims to form a common foundation of the brotherly culture of I and the Other. This type builds the unity of the Self with the Other as a result of the inner need of both to serve each other. “For each other” and “from each other” can be reduced to identity in the idea of the “middle” of R. S. Grinberg on the basis of public-private partnerships. In this “middle” version, independence (the “from” tool) and ministry (the “for” tool) generate the “for / from” tool as a “middle” methodology. It is also proposed to consider the logic of the evolution of culture through the transition from the idea of a one-shot dialogue to the idea of multi-level dialogue: “thesis-antithesis chaos (the middle is struggling within itself between internal opposites) — thesis- antithesis…”.

The Originality of Levinas

1998 ◽  
pp. 173-181
Author(s):  
D.G. Leahy
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Complete Exclusion ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Unity Of The Self

Levinas depicts a pluralism of subjectivity older than consciousness and self-consciousness. He repudiates Heidegger's notion of solitude in order to explore the implications of the Husserlian pure I outside the subject. A hidden Good constitutes the Other in the self: a diremption not at the expense of the unity of the self. Levinas stands with Nietzsche on the side of life which requires and is capable of no justification whatsoever. But for Levinas the totality is ruptured by the thought that there is a unity of self undiminished by its immemorial responsibility for the Other, a unity of self beyond totality. This self containing the Other is the transcendence of the Ego otherwise immanent in Husserl's pure intentionality. Just here Levinas' thought is most perfectly distinguished from Sartre's notion of the transcendence of the Ego as complete exclusion from the immanence of intentionality. The pure I is otherwise than the Hegelian absolute Elastizität: incarnate and inspirited, the "self tight in its own skin." The transubstantiation of Ego to Other has not yet occurred to thought in Levinas, but what does occur here is the altersubstantiation of the I. The Other in the Same is an alteration of essence. It is precisely through thinking the contraction of [the modern] essence [of consciousness] that Levinas thinks otherwise than being, beyond essence, thinks "a thought profounder and 'older' than the cogito." Humanity signifies a "new image" of the Infinite in the preoriginary freedom by which the Self shows the Other mercy.

scholarly journals The spectrum of subjectal forms: Towards an Integral Semiotics

Semiotica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (235) ◽  
pp. 27-49
Author(s):  
Sebastián Mariano Giorgi
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Integral Model ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Collective Dimension

AbstractWhat is the relationship between consciousness and semiosis? This article attempts to provide some clues to answer this question. For doing it, we explore the application of the Integral model to semiotics; that is to say, the metatheory that integrates the inside, the outside, the individual, and the collective dimension, on one hand and, on the other hand, the levels of development, states and types of consciousness. Our principal hypothesis is that the semiosis depends on the “subjectal” form where the self is located temporarily or permanently. To validate it, we analyze the way in which the universe of meaning changes between the self located below the subject (as a form), and the self located beyond of it. According to the Integral semiotics point of view outlined here, the relationship between consciousness and the meaning has to do with the reduction or expansion of the subjectal spectrum, and the trajectory of the self along of it.

XXVII.—The Inheritance of Long and Short Wings in the Weevil, Sitona hispidula, with a Discussion of Wing Reduction among Beetles

1928 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 665-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorothy J. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Work ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wing Dimorphism ◽  
Wing Reduction ◽  
Hereditary Factors ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
Evolutionary Point

It is well known that in many orders of typically winged insects species occur which in the adult stage are apterous or have the wings so reduced in size that flight is impossible. Sometimes the reduction of wings affects one sex only, as in the case of the females of certain moths, but in the majority of cases it is exhibited by both sexes. In many instances wing dimorphism occurs irrespective of sex, one form of the species having fully developed wings and the other greatly reduced wings. In some species the wings are polymorphic. The problem of the origin of reduced wings and of other functionless organs is one of great interest from the evolutionary point of view. Various theories have been advanced in explanation, but in the majority of cases the various aspects of the subject are too little known to warrant discussion. More experimental work is required to show how far environmental conditions on the one hand, and hereditary factors on the other, are responsible for this phenomenon. Those species which exhibit alary dimorphism afford material for the study of the inheritance of the two types of wings, but only in a few cases has this method of research been utilized.

scholarly journals Reflections on the Hysteretic Damping Model

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 529-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuno Maia
Keyword(s):  
Free Vibration ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hysteretic Damping ◽  
Engineering Problems ◽  
Practical Engineering ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
Damping Model ◽  
Free Vibration Response

This paper presents a reflection on a recently proposed solution to the problem of the free vibration response with the constant hysteretic damping model, that has been presented in some conferences in recent years, by the author himself and some of his colleagues. On the one hand, as expected, the subject has been received with natural criticism, mainly due to the well-known non-causal behaviour of the model in free vibration. On the other hand, it was not easy to understand what could be wrong in that proposal, as apparently everything was perfect from a mathematical point of view. The author decided that this subject deserved a more careful and detailed analysis and – in this kind of tutorial paper – the issue seems to have been clarified. It is concluded that the proposed solution involving the constant hysteretic damping corresponds in fact to an equivalent viscously damped model; it is therefore concluded that the application of the constant hysteretic damping to model the free vibration of practical engineering problems should be considered only in the perspective of an equivalent viscously damped model.

FUNDAMENTALS OF THE THEORY OF PRE-CONTRACTUAL LIABILITY

2021 ◽  
pp. 148-161
Author(s):  
Alesya V. Demkina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Civil Code ◽  
Negotiation Process ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Good Faith ◽  
The Other ◽  
Legitimate Interests ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Special Rules

The article deals with the relatively new rules of Art. 434.1 the Civil Code of the Russian Federation on the conduct of negotiations. Taking into account the current wording of the said rule and the experience of foreign legislation on pre-contractual liability, the article argues for different theories justifying the nature of pre-contractual legal relations and liability and gives different positions of the authors on this issue. Proceeding from the doctrinal concept of obligation and characteristics of pre-contractual relations themselves the conclusion is made that these relations, firstly, are regulated by law and, secondly, they are not simply a legal relation but an obligation. It is based on certain actions of the negotiating partners that give rise to such an obliga-tion. As such, any action that is sufficiently certain (in some cases it may be required by law) and expresses the intention of the person to regard himself as negotiating with the addressee, who will in return perform the same sufficiently certain action, can be regarded as such. The specified characteristics of an action allow us to conclude that, from the point of view of classification of legal facts, this action is an act (because it is performed with a certain in-tention evident to other participants of civil turnover) and, moreover, it is also a transaction. Special rules of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation stipulate that the actions performed to enter into negotiations (for example, if the conclusion of a contract is binding on one party) or the actions of both partners entail legal consequences - the obligation to negotiate in good faith. The analysis of these legal relationships identifies three stages in their development, charac-terises them and attempts to answer more precisely the question of who can be a participant in the negotiation process depending on the stage of the negotiation process. The subject matter of an obligation arising during pre-contractual contacts will be actions aimed at negotiating and concluding a contract. The content of the obligation arising in the course of pre-contractual contacts, based on Art. 434.1 of the Civil Code will be the obligation to negotiate in good faith (paragraph 2 of the above rule). Assuming that the legislator provides an indicative list of actions that should fall within the scope of bad faith conduct, an indicative list of the "standard" of good faith conduct at the negotiation stage is given. This includes the obligation to provide full and truthful information to a party, including the reporting of circumstances that, due to the nature of the contract, must be brought to the attention of the other party (e.g. in a sale, all encumbrances on the subject of the contract must be reported). In addition, persons are obliged to negotiate only if they intend to conclude a contract, not to terminate negotiations suddenly and unjustifiably, and to take into account the rights and legitimate interests of the other party to the negotiation. The obligation under this obligation may also include a requirement not to disclose infor-mation obtained during the negotiation of the contract.

The Tale of Fabled Creatures

2021 ◽  
pp. 215-233
Author(s):  
M. Nur Erdem
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Physical Beauty

Violence has been a part of daily life in both traditional and digital media. Consequently, neither the existence of violence in the media nor the debates on this subject are new. On the other hand, the presentation of violence in fictional content should be viewed from a different point of view, especially in the context of aesthetization. Within this context, in this chapter, the serial of Penny Dreadful is analyzed. As analyzing method, Tahsin Yücel's model of the “space/time coordinates of narrative” is used. And the subject of “aestheticization of violence” is analyzed through a serial with the elements of person, space, and time. Thus, the role of not only physical beauty but also different components in the aestheticization of violence is examined.

scholarly journals The Dreamer and Their Authenticity in the Zhuangzi

Religions ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Barbara Aniela Bonar
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Structural Process ◽  
One Stage ◽  
Psychoanalytic Perspective ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Two Stages

In this paper, I explain the problem of the dreamer in the Zhuangzi. I aim to show that no difference exists between dreaming states and waking states because we have a fluctual relationship with these two stages. In both, “we are dreaming.” Put another way, from a psychoanalytical point of view, one stage penetrates the other and vice versa. The difference between dreaming and non-dreaming disappears because dreaming is a structural process. Also, from a psychoanalytical perspective, all confirmations and negations about dreams and non-dreams leads to one point: the being, or rather the becoming, of the subject. How does this solve the problem of the True Person/True Human Being (zhenren真人)? Does such a person have dreams or not? Does the True Person sleep without dreams, as we find in the Zhuangzi? From a psychoanalytic perspective, this is not possible. To prove this, I will present few passages from the Zhuangzi and offer a psychoanalytic explanation of them based on Jacques Lacan’s theory of the fantasy and desire.

Multiple Expeausures: Identity and Alterity in the ‘Self-Portraits’ of Francesca Woodman

Paragraph ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 376-391
Author(s):  
Amy Sherlock
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Francesca Woodman

This article considers the photographs of Francesca Woodman in terms of the complex and ambivalent set of relations they configure between photographer, photographed subject and viewer. Usually described as ‘self-portraits’, the subject of these fleeting, fractured images simultaneously presents itself whilst seeming to withdraw from them. The self, there where it most openly declares itself, disappears. Drawing on Jean-Luc Nancy's concept of exposition, or exposure, which posits the self as being in-exteriority, thinking the intimacy of subjectivity in terms of an originary relation to the outside or the other, I seek to problematize the possibility both of the portrait and the self that is its subject.

The Effect of Waking Suggestion on Post-Hypnotic Amnesia

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.P. Fourie
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hypnotic Susceptibility ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Female Subjects

It is increasingly realized that hypnosis may be seen from an interpersonal point of view, meaning that it forms part of the relationship between the hypnotist and the subject. From this premise it follows that what goes on in the relationship prior to hypnosis probably has an influence on the hypnosis. Certain of these prior occurences can then be seen as waking suggestionns (however implicitly given) that the subject should behave in a certain way with regard to the subsequent hypnosis. A study was conducted to test the hypothesis that waking suggestions regarding post-hypnotic amnesia are effective. Eighteen female subjects were randomly divided into two groups. The groups listened to a tape-recorded talk on hypnosis in which for the one group amnesia for the subsequent hypnotic experience and for the other group no such amnesia was suggested. Thereafter the Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale was administered to all subjects. Only the interrogation part of the amnesia item of the scale was administered. The subjects to whom post-hypnotic amnesia was suggested tended to score lower on the amnesia item than the other subjects, as was expected, but the difference between the mean amnesia scores of the two groups was not significant.

scholarly journals Shame, de-subjectivation and passivity – on the metaphysics of the Self in Levinas and Agamben

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 190
Author(s):  
Fabricio Pontin
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Escape Time ◽  
Greek Thought ◽  
The Subject

This article provides a relation between the problem of shame in both Levinas and Agamben, focusing, for the most part, in the development of Levinas' metaphysics and its relation to the emotional tonality of shame in three works: "On Escape", "Time and the Other" and "Otherwise than Being". In stressing the unique take that Levinas has on metaphysics, I try to point at the tension between Jewish and Greek thought in Levinas, and his option for a radical notion of a situated understanding of the "ethical". Hence my interest in contrasting Levinas and Agamben, as Agamben's appropriation of Levinas' lexicon in his "Remnants of Aushwitz" places the subject in a political, and material, position which is ultimately uncompatible with Levinas' situational and metaphysical take on the self.***Vergonha, des-subjetivização e passividade – a metafísica do Eu em Levinas e Agamben***Este artigo fornece uma relação entre o problema da vergonha tanto em Levinas como em Agamben, focando principalmente, no desenvolvimento da metafísica de Levinas e sua relação com a tonalidade emocional da vergonha em três trabalhos: "De l'évasion", "Le Temps et l'Autre, "e" Autrement qu'être ou Au-delà de l'essence". Ao enfatizar perspectiva única que Levinas tem da metafísica, aponto tensão entre o pensamento judeu e grego em Levinas e sua opção por uma noção radical de uma compreensão situada do "ético". Daí o meu interesse em contrastar Levinas e Agamben, particularmente como a apropriação de Agamben do léxico de Levinas em seu "O que restou de Aushwitz" coloca o assunto em uma posição política e material, que, em última análise, é incompatível com a tomada de posição e metafísica de Levinas.

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