scholarly journals Barriers to digitalization. Review of the book “Priklyucheniya tekhnologii: bar'ery tsifrovizatsii v Rossii” [The Adventures of Technologies: Barriers to Digitalization in Russia]

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 214-220
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Skazochkin
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Mixed Type ◽  
Unmanned Vehicles ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Help Desk ◽  
Public Events

The monograph under review presents the results of a study of barriers of various natures that arise during the implementation of several information projects - the development of unmanned vehicles, testing information programs in the IT sphere, interaction of people with a robot-operator of the help desk, behavior of social network users, and the creation of a turnstile system in transport. Another big topic of the book is the problems of the decision-making process for the development of technologies in a complex, heterogeneous socio-cultural environment, created by teams of different specialists, bearers of different managerial and technical cultures. To obtain information about the objects of research, indepth interviews, media materials, speeches of project leaders and engineers at public events were used, elements of a systematic analysis of the project progress were presented. It is emphasized that the objectively existing internal contradictions of mixed-type teams, in the presence of barriers-sets of tensions, can lead to a revision of the progress of information projects. Along with the barriers of a technological and managerial nature, some of the stress barriers are of a psychological and sociocultural nature. It is noted that the problems-barriers studied in the book can be analogs of “contradictions” in the methodology of the theory of inventive problem solving. The experience gained by the team of authors can be in demand for the implementation of digital projects of a large scale, for example, when carrying out the digital transformation of state-owned companies.

The Cyber Acumen

2019 ◽  
pp. 192-208
Author(s):  
Xiang Michelle Liu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cyber Attacks ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Major Purpose ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Policies And Procedures ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
Effective Decision Making

The major purpose of this chapter is to understand average user's decision-making process in cybersecurity by reviewing and integrating several major theoretical frameworks discussed and applied in decision making processes in cybersecurity. The average users are the ones who do not realize or understand when or how to perform security-critical decisions, the ones who are unmotivated to comply with company and school cybersecurity policies and procedures due to inconvenience, and the ones who do not have sufficient knowledge in cybersecurity to make sound security decisions. It is important to discuss and understand the role of such users and their behaviors based on systematic analysis so that we can identify potential factors causing “poor” security decisions and find ways to reduce the likelihood of being victims of cyber-attacks. The ultimate goal is to provide insights and make recommendations on how to foster individual's cyber acumen and cultivate a more effective decision-making process.

A case-based reasoning system for fault detection and isolation: a case study on complex gearboxes

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soumava Boral ◽  
Sanjay Kumar Chaturvedi ◽  
V.N.A. Naikan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Fault Detection ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fault Detection And Isolation ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Case Based Reasoning ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Complex Decision Making ◽  
Complex Decision ◽  
Case Based

Purpose Usually, the machinery in process plants is exposed to harsh and uncontrolled environmental conditions. Even after taking different types of preventive measures to detect and isolate the faults at the earliest possible opportunity becomes a complex decision-making process that often requires experts’ opinions and judicious decisions. The purpose of this paper is to propose a framework to detect, isolate and to suggest appropriate maintenance tasks for large-scale complex machinery (i.e. gearboxes of steel processing plant) in a simplified and structured manner by utilizing the prior fault histories available with the organization in conjunction with case-based reasoning (CBR) approach. It is also demonstrated that the proposed framework can easily be implemented by using today’s graphical user interface enabled tools such as Microsoft Visual Basic and similar. Design/methodology/approach CBR, an amalgamated domain of artificial intelligence and human cognitive process, has been applied to carry out the task of fault detection and isolation (FDI). Findings The equipment failure history and actions taken along with the pertinent health indicators are sufficient to detect and isolate the existing fault(s) and to suggest proper maintenance actions to minimize associated losses. The complex decision-making process of maintaining such equipment can exploit the principle of CBR and overcome the limitations of the techniques such as artificial neural networks and expert systems. The proposed CBR-based framework is able to provide inference with minimum or even with some missing information to take appropriate actions. This proposed framework would alleviate from the frequent requirement of expert’s interventions and in-depth knowledge of various analysis techniques expected to be known to process engineers. Originality/value The CBR approach has demonstrated its usefulness in many areas of practical applications. The authors perceive its application potentiality to FDI with suggested maintenance actions to alleviate an end-user from the frequent requirement of an expert for diagnosis or inference. The proposed framework can serve as a useful tool/aid to the process engineers to detect and isolate the fault of large-scale complex machinery with suggested actions in a simplified way.

Queensland Digital Health Clinical Charter: a clinical consensus statement on priorities for digital health in hospitals

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 661
Author(s):  
Clair Sullivan ◽  
Andrew Staib ◽  
Keith McNeil ◽  
David Rosengren ◽  
Ian Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Executive Leadership ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Health Technologies ◽  
Clinical Community ◽  
Expected Benefits ◽  
High Level

Digital transformation of Australian hospitals is occurring rapidly. Although the clinical community has had limited ability to influence high-level decision making and investments into digital health technologies, as these technologies increasingly transform the way patients are cared for, the clinical community must influence the digital health agenda and be an integral part of the decision-making process. This case study details the process and lessons learnt during the development of the state-wide consensus statement detailing the clinical requirements for digital health initiatives to form the Queensland Digital Health Clinical Charter. To the best of our knowledge, Queensland is the first Australian jurisdiction to create a Digital Clinical Charter to be specifically referenced in the investment in and governance of digital health in hospitals. By developing this clinical charter for digital health, and in articulating the needs of clinicians, a clinical framework will be added to both the decision-making process around the investments in digital health and the definition and realisation of the expected benefits from these sizable investments. What is known about the topic? Digital transformation of healthcare is occurring rapidly. The clinical community has had limited ability to influence high-level decision making and investments into these digital health technologies. Tension currently exists between the clinical community who must use the new digital technologies and the technical groups that govern the introduction of the new technologies. This tension can be manifest as clinicians refusing to adopt new systems, safety concerns and an inability to reach consensus on direction. There are few peer reviewed publications addressing this tension between the clinical community and technical providers. What does this paper add? This paper is the first attempt to create a list of clinical requirements for digital transformation that crosses professional streams and is endorsed by the state-wide executive leadership team to inform the acquisition and governance of digital health technologies. What are the implications for practitioners? Clinicians can feel excluded and marginalised during the decision-making process for new digital technologies, despite the fact that they are often using these technologies to deliver hands-on care to patients. This charter clearly articulates the requirements of clinicians for digital transformation and has been endorsed by the executive leadership team of Queensland Health. The charter adds a clinical framework to be referenced during the decision-making process around the investments in digital health, and the definition and realisation of the expected benefits from these sizable investments. As the digital landscape in public hospitals evolves, clinicians are becoming increasingly reliant upon digital technologies. It is critical that clinicians have a strong effect on technology acquisition and governance to maximise the quality and efficiency of the care they provide.

Design of Costs-Based Metrics for Enhancing the Economics of the Mining Truck Fleet

2014 ◽  
Vol 805 ◽  
pp. 415-421
Author(s):  
Max Martins ◽  
Carlos Teixeira ◽  
Beck Nader ◽  
Giorgio de Tomi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Management Objectives ◽  
Operational Costs ◽  
Operational Variables ◽  
Huge Impact

Modern mining activities are very intense in capital use, highly mechanized and as a consequence, present high operational costs. In this sense the appeal for managing operational variables adequately is very attractive since these have a huge impact in the overall costs. Reportedly, one of the most expensive mining activities is the transportation of in situ material to its destination. In this regard, the correct management of the important operational variables coupled with the experience gathered in mining operations, allowed the development of a computer system aimed at helping to achieve these management objectives. This paper describes the relation between measurable variables and economic parameters obtained in one important large scale Brazilian mine and how they interact and relate to each other in order to facilitate the decision making process.

Quantifying Access Management on Arterial Roadways

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (17) ◽  
pp. 129-139
Author(s):  
Lacy S. Brown ◽  
Karen K. Dixon ◽  
H. Gene Hawkins
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Transportation Industry ◽  
Access Management ◽  
Subjective Assessments ◽  
Delay Increase ◽  
Management Project ◽  
Land Use Development ◽  
And Performance

Research suggests that successfully implemented access management programs can reduce delay, increase capacity, and improve safety performance on single roadway segments and across larger roadway networks. However, quantifying how access management, as a single entity, might affect a transportation system is difficult because countless combinations of strategies can be implemented. Consequently, large-scale access management decisions are often based on subjective assessments and the engineering judgment of practitioners and decision makers. There is a need for a standard, objective, and quantifiable approach to evaluating the impacts and performance of large-scale access management applications. This paper presents a quantitative method for evaluating an access management project on factors including operations; safety; impacts to adjacent land uses; and bicycle, pedestrian, and transit facilities. The result is an access management rating (AMR), a numerical value that allows for straightforward comparisons between corridors or between design alternatives on the same corridor. The proposed methodology eliminates the subjective component of the decision-making process while maintaining enough flexibility to be tailored to a specific agency’s needs and priorities. By improving the consistency of access management evaluations, the decision-making process will be streamlined, funding will be allocated to projects with the greatest needs and opportunities for improvement, and the entire transportation industry will benefit from improved safety, operations, and land use development.

scholarly journals Influence of Culture on Understanding Astronomical Concepts

1990 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 239-242
Author(s):  
Mazlan Othman
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Political System ◽  
World View ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
Multicultural Society ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Realistic Approach ◽  
The Way

Culture is defined as a society’s system of values, ideology and social codes of behavior; its productive technologies and modes of consumption; its religious dogmas, myths, and taboos; and its social structure, political system and decision-making process (Coombes, 1985). The cultural environment in which an individual is raised is thus fundamental to the life view with which he perceives his world. Since his world view encompasses ideas of space and time, it is therefore not surprising that his understanding of astronomical concepts is inextricably bound to his cultural envelope.This paper sets out to examine some of the ways cultural complexities affect the understanding of astronomical concepts and thus to make the case for a more realistic approach to the teaching of astronomy in a multicultural society, recognizing the importance of culture and the way students learn (Burger, 1973; Teynolds and Skilbeck, 1976).

Where Governmentality Ends: Border Control Officers and Deportations of Sojourners in Israel

2011 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oded Korczyn
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The State ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Border Control ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
Shed Light

AbstractThis paper will shed light on the deportation process of visaless sojourners staying and working in Israel. I will explain how state bureaucrats, specifically border control officers of the Enforcement Unit of the Interior Ministry (in Hebrew,hamemune al bikoret hagvulot beyekhidat ha'akhifa, misrad hapnim) are able to conduct activities that cause suffering to sojourners while still viewing themselves as moral human beings, by breaking down the decision-making process into a series of dichotomic categories, by defining Zionism as a context that justifies deportation, and by governing their emotions. I claim that in Israel, state bureaucrats view sojourners as unmanageable and incorrigible. Consequently, deportation becomes a logical course of action. Such an approach, which stresses the bureaucratic aspect of national projects, enables a better understanding of how the “State” is able to perform large-scale projects that cause suffering to individuals.

Interfacing Communication and ICTs in a Divisionalised Structure

2021 ◽  
pp. 597-614
Author(s):  
Toyosi Olugbenga Samson Owolabi ◽  
Godspower Godwin Itemeh
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Information And Communication

The quests for sound organizational management and efficient corporate governance have received more impetus in today's business environment. This is because it has been observed especially among large scale enterprises and multinational companies of incidences of wastage of human and material resources, inefficiency and sluggishness in the corporate decision making process at huge cost to the company on one hand and to shareholders on the other. In contemporary corporate setting especially in situations where huge sums are budgeted for information and communication technologies, large scale organisations tend to have more specialisation, departmentalisation, centralization, and regulation than small scale enterprises. Particularly, companies with wide variety of products often give preference to divisionalisation purposely to ensure efficiency and effectiveness in the corporate decision-making process.

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