scholarly journals GASTROPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF ONION PEEL (Allium Cepa L. Var Ascalonicum) EXTRACT ON WISTAR RATS INDUCED BY MEFENAMIC ACID

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Awalya Rahma Putri ◽  
Dina Helianti ◽  
Nindya Shinta Rumastika
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Mefenamic Acid ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Mucosal Damage ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Damage ◽  
Weight Group ◽  
Onion Peel ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Gastroprotective Effect ◽  
Group 1

Non Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAID) have been implicated in the etiology of gastritis. Mefenamic acid is a non-selective NSAID used to treat mild to moderate pain and inflammation. Mefenamic acid induces gastritis through its inhibition of prostaglandin that results in increased HCl secretion, decreased mucin, and bicarbonate ion production. This study aimed to investigate the gastroprotective effect of onion peel extract (OPE) against mefenamic acid-induced gastritis. In this study, the gastroprotective effect of OPE was examined through mucosal integrity scoring. A total of 28 male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups, normal (Group 1), mefenamic acid+NaCMC 0,5% (Group 2), mefenamic acid+OPE 600mg/kg body weight (Group 3), and mefenamic acid+OPE 1200mg/kg body weight (Group 4). All rats were sacrificed on day 15 then all gasters were collected. Histopathological examination was done under a microscope with 100X magnification. Administration of mefenamic acid without OPE at all significantly increased gastric mucosal damage (p<0,05). Administration of OPE 1200mg/kg body weight significantly decreased gastric mucosal damage (p<0,05). Group 4 shows no significant difference (p=0,66) with the normal group (Group 1). This indicates that administration of OPE 1200mg/kg body weight per oral ameliorates mefenamic acid-induced gastritis.

scholarly journals Biochemical Changes in the Malnourished Rats Serum and Liver Exposed to Dietary Monosodium Glutamate

2019 ◽  
pp. 156-167
Author(s):  
Babawande A. Origbemisoye ◽  
Badiu A. Akinbode ◽  
Ganiyat A. Oparemi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Weight Group ◽  
Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a flavor enhancer. Its toxicity in a malnourished state appears not to have been fully investigated. This study was carried out to determine the effects of MSG on malnourished rats. Rats were randomly assigned into four groups of five rats/group. Group 1 rats were fed with malnourished feed; Group 2 rats received malnourished feed with dosed 1.6 mg/g MSG per body weight; Group 3 rats were fed with normal feed and dosed 1.6 mg/g MSG per body weight and Group 4 rats served as the control group (normal healthy rats) and were fed with normal feed for 28 days. After 28 days, the rats were sacrificed with the liver harvested and blood samples collected. Results from the study showed that malnourished rats had significantly lower levels of oxidative stress biomarkers including, anti-oxidants compared with the control. The levels of malondialldehyde concentration and xanthine oxidase activity were high in malnourished fed rats. Aspartate aminotransferase and alanine transaminase levels of malnourished and normal rats administered MSG were significantly low compared to the normal healthy suggesting that labialization occurs in liver leading to leakage of these enzymes from the liver to the serum. Malnourished rats showed significant decrease in body weight losing 48 grams after 28 days compared to malnourished and normal rats fed with MSG which recorded significant increase in body weight after 28 days adding 26 g and 42 g respectively.

scholarly journals Transcriptional Evaluation of Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Buchholzia coriacea in Acetaminophen-Induced Sub-Chronic Renal and Hepatic Toxicity

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fakoya A ◽  
Olusola AO
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Chronic Dose ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 1

The aim of this research was to evaluate the possible renal and Hepato-protective effects of ethanolic extract of Buchholzia coriacea seed compared to N-acetylcysteine, on gene expression in the liver and kidneys of Wistar rats subjected to sub-chronic dose of paracetamol. Forty wistar rats were divided into eight groups of five rats in each group. Group 1 received only normal diet as control (CTRL). Groups 2-6 received 14.28 mg/kg body weight of Paracetamol (PM). After 6 hours, 200 mg/kg body weight of extract (E1) was given to group 3, 400 mg/kg body weight extracts (E2) given to group 4, 70 and 150 mg/kg body weight of N-acetylcysteine was administered to group 5 and 6 respectively. Groups 7 and 8 received only 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight of extract (E1 and E2) respectively. This schedule was maintained for 90 days.

The Effects of the "XGTQ" Medicine in Treating Cirrhosis in Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 06 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ngan Nguyen Hoang ◽  
Thang Duong Minh ◽  
Tuan Anh Hoang ◽  
Son Le Ngoc Bich ◽  
Duong Nguyen Huu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Plain Water ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Collagen Accumulation ◽  
Activity Of Enzymes ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 1

Objectives: Evaluate the effects of "XGTQ" in the treatment of cirrhosis induced by Carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) in combination with alcohol and high-fat diet on Wistar rats. Materials and methods: Cirrhosis on white rats was induced by subcutaneously injecting CC14 at an initial dose of 5,0ml/kg, followed by 1,2ml/kg once a week in 10 weeks. Then, fed with synthetic food, added 20% fat, and 0.05% cholesterol and iron oxalate. Rats were administered every day with plain water and 1 day with water mixed with 30% ethanol. The rats were randomly divided into 5 groups and given distilled water (group 1 and 2 or control group), silymarin (group 3 or reference group) or the "XGTQ" drug extract (group 4, 5) for 4 weeks. Collected blood for biochemical test and liver were dissected to evaluate weight, morphology and quantified 4-hydroxyproline to evaluate fibrosis and collagen accumulation. Results: In cirrhotic wistar rats, "XGTQ" drug at 19.6 g/kg/24h and 58.8 g/kg/24h showed the ability of reducing the activity of enzymes AST, ALT in the blood (p<0.01), increasing plasma albumin and decreasing prothrobin time (p<.05); improving physical condition, macroscopic and microscopic images of H&E-stained liver; decreasing the concentration of hydroxyproline in the liver and reducing the level of cirrhosis on the masson-stained templates. The effects of "XGTQ" increased with the dose, and was equivalent to silymarin at the dose of 70 mg/kg/24h. Conclusion: The extract of "XGTQ" drug is effective in treating cirrhosis in Wistar rats.

scholarly journals Η μελέτη της αντιοξειδωτικής και αντιφλεγμονώδους δράσης μορίων (U-74389G και σιλδεναφίλης) σε πειραματικό πρότυπο χημικής αιμορραγικής κολίτιδας σε επίμυες

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Γεώργιος-Αντώνιος Μαργώνης
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Damage Index ◽  
Mucosal Damage ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Experimental Rat Model ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Group 5

BACKGROUND: Crohn disease is still incurable. Compounds with anti-inflammatory and/or antioxidativeeffects are tested in various preclinical models of the disease. Our aim was to investigate theeffects of sildenafil and lazaroid U-74389G in an experimental rat model oftrinitrobenzenesulfonic acid-induced colitis.MATERIALS AND METHODS:Trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid was instilled into the colon of all male Wistar rats except for therats belonging to the first group. For 6 days, the animals in group 3 were administered dailysildenafil orally, the rats in group 4 were administered daily U-74389G intravenously, and therats in group 5 were coadministered daily sildenafil orally and intravenous U-74389G. Therats in groups 1 and 2 were not administered any treatment. During the study, the weightswere recorded as a marker of clinical condition. The colon damage was evaluated usingmacroscopic colon mucosal damage index (CMDI), microscopic (Geboes score), andbiochemical methods (tissue tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-αΝandΝmalondialdehydeΝ[εϊχ]ΨέRESULTS:Sildenafil reduced TNF-αΝtissueΝlevelsΝandΝincreasedΝbodyΝweightέΝU-74389G reduced TNF-α,Νthe macroscopic index of mucosal damage score (CMDI) and increased body weight. Thecombined treatment with sildenafil and U-74389G reduced tissue levels of both TNF-αΝandΝMDA, lowered CMDI and microscopic Geboes score, and increased body weight. CONCLUSIONS:U-74389G demonstrated a significant anti-inflammatory activity related to its ability to reducecolonic TNF-α,ΝωεϊIΝscore, and improve weight change. We confirmed that sildenafil hasanti-inflammatory capacity by reducing colonic TNF-αΝandΝbyΝimprovingΝbodyΝweightέΝόinally,Νthe combined treatment showed superior effects by reducing colonic TNF-α,ΝcolonicΝεϊχ,ΝCMDI score, Geboes score, and by improving weight.

scholarly journals Role of metabolic glycemic control in programming perinatal risk in gestational diabetes

2019 ◽  
pp. 218-225
Author(s):  
A. S. Masel ◽  
I. L. Nikitina ◽  
D. A. Yablunovskaya ◽  
V. Kh. Tekueva ◽  
P. V. Popova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Control ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight ◽  
Group 1

Purpose. Evaluate the effect of metabolic control of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on the perinatal period course and anthropometric parameters of newborns.Materials and methods. 300 newborns were divided into 4 groups depending on the metabolic control of the mother. Group 1: fasting glycemia <5.1 mmol/L, 1 hour after meals <7.0 mmol/L (n = 50); Group 2: <5.3 mmol/L and <7.8 mmol/L (n = 90); Group 3: > 5.3 mmol/L and> 7.8 mmol/L (n = 46), respectively; Group 4: control (n = 114). The analysis of the perinatal period course was carried out, the anthropometric parameters were estimated according to the tables INTERGROWTH-21st.Results. Differences in the frequency of obstetric injuries, which risk is associated with «above average» body weight of the newborn (p = 0.04), were found between the GDM group and the control group (38.7 and 12.3%, respectively, p = 0.0000005). The risk of having a baby with «above average» body weight (Group 1/Group 4, OR = 1.9, p = 0.1; Gr. 2/Gr. 4, OR = 2.6, and Gr. 3/Gr. 4, OR = 3.7, p <0.05), the ratio of weight/length (Gr. 1/Gr. 4, OR = 0.9, p = 0.9; Gr. 2/Gr. 4, OR = 3.6, and Gr. 3/Gr. 4, OR = 4.9, p <0.05) and head circumference (G.1/Gr. 4, OR = 1.1, p = 0.6; Gr. 2/Gr. 4, OR = 2.5, and Gr. 3/Gr. 4, OR = 2.9, p <0.05) was higher in Groups 2 and 3 than in Group 4. In the early neonatal period with GDM, hypoglycemia was more common than in the control Group 4. The lowest risk was in Group 1 (Gr. 1/Gr. 4, OR = 4.8; Gr. 2/Gr. 4, OR = 6.7; Gr. 3/Gr. 4, OR = 7.9, р < 0,05).Conclusions. Group 1 showed the lowest frequency and risk of adverse effects, which meets the control criteria of the Russian consensus.

scholarly journals Gastroprotective Effect of Ethanol Extracts from Bark of Magnolia officinalis on Ethanol-Induced Gastric Mucosal Damage in Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Xiao Wang ◽  
Shu Fu ◽  
Chen Zhang ◽  
Xin Nie ◽  
Wan Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Mucosal Damage ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Damage ◽  
Gastric Injury ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Gastroprotective Effect ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Magnolia Officinalis

Background. Magnolia officinalis Rehd. and Wils. is widely used in Asian countries because of its multiple pharmacological effects. This study investigated the gastroprotective effect and mechanisms of the ethanol extracts from the bark of Magnolia officinalis (MOE) against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage in rats. Methods. MOE was prepared by reflux extraction with 70% ethanol, and its main compounds were analyzed by UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS. DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP methods were used to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of MOE in vitro. The gastroprotective effects of MOE were evaluated by the area of gastric injury, H&E (hematoxylin-eosin), and PAS (periodic acid-Schiff). The mechanism was explored by measuring the levels of cytokines and protein in the NF-κB signaling pathway. Results. 30 compounds were identified from MOE, mainly including lignans and alkaloids. MOE presented a high antioxidant activity in several oxidant in vitro systems. Gastric ulcer index and histological examination showed that MOE reduced ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury in a dose-dependent manner. MOE pretreatment significantly restored the depleted activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) enzymes, reduced malondialdehyde (MDA), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels in the gastric tissue in rats. In addition, MOE also inhibited the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway and decreased the production of proinflammatory cytokines. Conclusions. The gastroprotective effect of MOE was attributed to the inhibition of oxidative stress and the NF-κB inflammatory pathway. The results provided substantial evidence that MOE could be a promising phytomedicine for gastric ulcer prevention.

scholarly journals The Gastroprotective Effect of Vitex pubescens Leaf Extract against Ethanol-Provoked Gastric Mucosal Damage in Sprague-Dawley Rats

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. e0157431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahla Saeed AL-Wajeeh ◽  
Mohammed Farouq Halabi ◽  
Maryam Hajrezaie ◽  
Summaya M. Dhiyaaldeen ◽  
Daleya Abdulaziz Bardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Mucosal Damage ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Damage ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Gastroprotective Effect ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

scholarly journals The effects of local nitroglycerin on the surgical delay procedure in prefabricated flaps by vascular implant in rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 905-911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jairo Zacchê de Sá ◽  
José Lamartine de Andrade Aguiar ◽  
Adriana Ferreira Cruz ◽  
Alexandre Ricardo Pereira Schuler ◽  
José Ricardo Alves de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Delay Procedure ◽  
Surgical Delay ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Prefabricated Flap ◽  
Group 1

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of local nitroglycerin on the viable area of a prefabricated flap for vascular implant in rats, and to investigate the surgical delay procedure. METHODS: A femoral pedicle was implanted under the skin of the abdominal wall in forty Wistar rats. The animals were divided into four groups of ten: group 1 - without surgical delay procedure and local nitroglycerin; group 2 - with surgical delay procedure, but without local nitroglycerin; group 3 - without surgical delay procedure, but with local nitroglycerin; and group 4 - with simultaneous surgical delay procedure and local nitroglycerin. The percentages of the viable areas, in relation to the total flap, were calculated using AutoCAD R 14. RESULTS: The mean percentage value of the viable area was 8.9% in the group 1. 49.4% in the group 2; 8.4% in the group 3 and 1.1% in the group 4. There was significant difference between groups 1 and 2 (p=0.005), 1 and 4 (p=0.024), 2 and 3 (p=0.003), 2 and 4 (p=0.001). These results support the hypothesis that the closure of the arterial venous channels is responsible for the phenomenon of surgical delay procedure. CONCLUSION: Local nitroglycerin did not cause an increase in the prefabricated viable flap area by vascular implantation and decreased the viable flap area that underwent delay procedures.

scholarly journals Preventing intraperitoneal adhesions with vitamin E and sodium hyaluronate/carboxymethylcellulose: a comparative study in rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredy Corrales ◽  
Marcelo Corrales ◽  
Carlos Cauduro Schirmer
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Adhesion Formation ◽  
Sodium Hyaluronate ◽  
Postoperative Adhesions ◽  
Intraperitoneal Adhesions ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

PURPOSE: To compare the effectiveness of intraperitoneally administered vitamin E with the sodium hyaluronate/carboxymethylcellulose membrane (HA/CBMC) in preventing postoperative intraperitoneal adhesion formation. METHODS: Sixty Wistar rats underwent a laparotomy and adhesions were induced (IA). The animals were divided into four groups: group 1, control (IA); group 2 (IA + Vitamin E): group 3 (IA+HA/CBMC) and group 4 (IA+ Vitamin E + HA/CBMC). The Vitamin E (groups 2 and 4) and HA/CBMC (groups 3 and 4) were administered intraperitoneally before the abdominal wall was closed. After 30 days, adhesions were classified by an independent surgeon. RESULTS: Three animals died; one from group 3 and two from group 4. All control animals had substantial adhesions compared with unsubstantial adhesions observed in 11/15 in group 2 (P = 0.000), 11/14 in group 3 (P = 0.001), and 10/13 in group 4 (P = 0.000). CONCLUSION: Vitamin E, administered intraperitoneally, is as effective as HA/CBMC in preventing postoperative adhesions.

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Sodium Tetraborate on Chromium-induced Brain Damage in Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yerbolat Iztleuov ◽  
Talgar Abilov ◽  
Ganiya Zhanabayeva ◽  
Irina Ismailova ◽  
Marat Iztleuov
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Sodium Tetraborate ◽  
High Toxicity ◽  
Protein Thiol ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Single Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Mda Content

Hexavalent chromium presents a particular threat due to its high toxicity. In this study showed the neuroprotective effect of sodium tetraborate in chromic intoxication. The experiment was performed on Wistar rats divided into 4 groups: 1 group - control; 2 group - single intraperitoneal injection of K2Сr2O7 in a dose of 0,5LD50, in the 3 and 4 groups with drinking water received Na2B4O7. Animals of the 3 group - 4 mg/kg of body weight, in 4 group - 72 mg/kg of body weight daily for 10 days, the last administration of Na2B4O7 was combined with a single intraperitoneal injection of K2Сr2O7 at a dose of 14 mg/kg (0,5LD50). Na2B4O7 in a dose of 4 mg/kg leads to a decrease in the level of MDA by 33%, an increase in the activity of catalase by 69%, superoxide dismutase by 21%, GR by 49%. Na2B4O7 at a dose of 72 mg/kg increases the MDA content by 31% in comparison with the data of rats of chromic intoxication. K2Сr2O7 reduces the GSH level by 42%, the non-protein thiol by 36%. Na2B4O7 at a dose of 4 mg/kg increased the GSH level by 53%, the non-protein thiol by 35%, and at a dose of 72 mg/kg reduced the GSH content by 23% (ρ<0.05), the non-protein thiol by 20% (ρ<0.05) in comparison with the data of rats exposed to K2Сr2O7.

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