scholarly journals Potopu świata fale i Mer de Glace. O pewnym sposobie obrazowania górskiego pejzażu

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 377-388
Author(s):  
Jacek Kolbuszewski
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Similar Function ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Du Bois ◽  
Poetic Image ◽  
Space Rocket ◽  
The World ◽  
First Time ◽  
Adam Mickiewicz

Waves of the flood of the world and Mer de Glace: On a way of depicting mountain landscapeWhen describing the Glacier du Bois seen for the first time, Wiliam Windham 1741 compared it to a lake suddenly bound by ice. In a similar function Horace-Bénédict de Saussure 1786 compared the glacier to a suddenly frozen sea. These descriptions gave rise to the name Mer de Glace, popularised from the early 19th century. In some respects an analogous phenomenon in poetry was the use of a metaphor in which a sudden arrest of an ascending motion of a being flood waters, space rocket constitutes a poetic image Adam Mickiewicz, Julian Korsak, Wincenty Pol, Wisława Szymborska.

scholarly journals Upphaf kvikmyndaaldar á Íslandi

Ritið ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-68
Author(s):  
Gunnar Tómas Kristófersson
Keyword(s):  
Prior Knowledge ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Early Years ◽  
The World ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Magic Lantern ◽  
First Time

The article addresses the early years of film in iceland, where the goal is to deepen our knowledge of the main participants in introducing and promoting cinema in iceland at the turn of the 19th century. Two years spanning a three-year period mark the beginnings of the age of film in iceland. The former is 1901 when the Dutch filmmaker F. A. Nöggerath came to film iceland and icelanders for an English film company. The latter year is 1903, when the Norwegian, Rasmus Hallseth and the Swede David Fernander, traveled around the country to screen films for the first time in iceland. These two visits mark the emergence of cinema in iceland. iceland-ers had little prior knowledge of the new medium, which was getting to be widely known around the world, apart from the coverage of newspapers and stories of lucky icelanders who had experienced film screenings abroad. Shows using a predecessor of film, the magic lantern, were held by Sigfús Eymundsson and Þorlákur ó. Jo-hnson in the 19th century. After the introduction of films in 1903, several people put together funds to buy Hallseth’s and Fernanders’ equipment and began to exhibit films on their own. However, daily performances did not happen until Reykjavik Biograftheater (later ,,Gamla Bíó”) was established in 1906. After several attempts by various parties to hold regular screenings in Reykjavik, one could say that cinema did not properly settle in iceland until the establishment of Nýja Bíó in 1913.

scholarly journals Swedish baron G.M. Sprengtporten in Russian service, 1786-1809

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 480-492
Author(s):  
Vladimir N. Shaidurov ◽  
Valentina A. Veremenko
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Independent State ◽  
Russian Army ◽  
Historical Figures ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Short Time ◽  
First Time ◽  
Swedish Citizen

General of the Infantry Count G.M. Sprengtporten (1740-1819) is one of the less known historical figures of the last quarter of the 18th and of the early 19th century. As a Swedish citizen, he hatched plans to turn Finland into an independent state. In the mid-1780s he saw in Catherine II a potential ally who could implement his ideas. After accepting the invitation to enter Russian service, Sprengtporten did not blend either in the Highest Court or in the Russian army. Not having shown any significant military feats during the wars of the late 18th and early 19th centuries, he distinguished himself in the diplomatic and lawmaking field. An important event was his mission to Europe (1800-1801), which resulted in the return of more than six thousand Russian prisoners to Russia. The draft Regulations on the Establishment of the Main Administration in New Finland, developed by Sprengtporten with some changes made by Emperor Aleksander I, became the cornerstone of Finnish autonomy within the Russian Empire over the next century. Occupying for a short time the post of Governor General, he became a link between Finland and Russia. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the comprehensive presentation of the Russian service of G.M. Sprengtporten. The article is written on the basis of published sources and unpublished documents from some central archives, which are introduced into scientific circulation for the first time.

MRS. LYDIA MARIA CHILD IN 1844 TELLS MOTHERS HOW TO DEVELOP THEIR CHILD'S CHARACTER

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-58
Author(s):  
T. E. C.
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lydia Maria Child ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The World ◽  
Common Opinion ◽  
Life Itself ◽  
Early Influences

Mrs. Lydia Maria Child (1802-1880), a prolific writer and humanitarian reformer, wrote the most widely read early 19th century book to guide mothers in the correct management of their children. Here is her advice on how to develop good affections or character in a child: It is a common opinion that a spirit of revenge is natural to children. No doubt bad temper, as well as other evils, moral and physical, are often hereditary–and here is a fresh reason for being good ourselves, if we would have our children good. But allowing that evil propensities are hereditary, and therefore born with children, how are they excited, and called into action? First, by the influences of the nursery–those early influences, which, beginning as they do with life itself, are easily mistaken for the operations of nature; and in the second place, by the temptations of the world. Now, if a child has ever so bad propensities, if the influences of the nursery be pure and holy, his evils will never be excited, or roused into action, until his understanding is enlightened, and his principles formed, so that he has power to resist them. The temptations of the world will do him no harm; he will "overcome evil with good." But if, on the other hand, the influences of the nursery are bad, the weak passions of the child are strengthened before his understanding is made strong; he gets into habits of evil before he is capable of perceiving that they are evil. Consequently, when he comes out into the world, he brings no armor against its temptations.

The Opera as a Fragment in the Literary Reception of Carl Maria von Weber’s Der Freischütz (Adam Mickiewicz, Heinrich Heine, Théophile Gautier)

2016 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 527-546
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Wojda
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Heinrich Heine ◽  
Theophile Gautier ◽  
Romantic Literature ◽  
Large Measure ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
The Media ◽  
Carl Maria Von Weber ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Adam Mickiewicz

Summary This article examines the influence of early 19th-century operatic culture on Romantic literature by focusing on the cultural, literary and transmedial (cross-genre) reception of one of the most popular works of the early Romantic opera, Der Freischütz by Carl Maria von Weber. More specifically, the analysis deals with that aspect of its influence which can be described as fragmentary reception. The article argues that examples of such fragmentary reception can be found in the works of Adam Mickiewicz, Heinrich Heine and Théophile Gautier. However, the central argument of this study is that the emergence of this type of trans-media links was, in a large measure, determined by a peculiar, fragmentary reception of operas. That model of reception had been popularized by a variety of trend-setting, opinion-making agents and institutions (the critics, the press), and enforced by mechanisms of socio-cultural and technological change (resulting in the broadening of the media landscape and the aesthetic sensibility of the general public). The article also claims that this reception model of the opera not only reinforced some structural elements of the operatic work itself but also prompted the writers to explore new ways of structuring their texts (a development encouraged by the upgrade of the fragment by the Romantic aesthetics). Thus early 19th-century socio-cultural and transmedial reception patterns of the opera can be seen as a spur to creativity and literary experimentation – a conclusion which casts doubt on the traditional view that it was a period when aesthetic idealism ruled supreme.

scholarly journals In the garden of the world

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Castorina
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
The West ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Journey To The West ◽  
First Time ◽  
Shed Light

In the garden of the world. Italy to a young 19th century Chinese traveler. On September 14th, 1859, at the first light of dawn, a young Chinese traveler named Guo Liancheng 郭連城 (1839-1866) landed in Civitavecchia, Italy, after a long journey of overland travel and months of navigation. Coming from a small village far from the capital, he was only 20 years old and was in the company of an Italian priest, Luigi Celestino Spelta. Guo was not the first Chinese man to visit Europe but before leaving, he decided to keep a daily journal of his experience, published soon after his return with the title of Xiyou bilüe西游筆略 (Brief Account of the Journey to the West). This book presents for the first time the story of Guo Liancheng, exploring a still little-known aspect of the history of the contacts between Italy and China. Following the pages of Guo Liancheng’s journal, the author tries to shed light on its contents and features and to analyze the image of Italy described in the pages of Brief account of the Journey to the West, the earliest firsthand account on the Bel Paese ever published in China.

scholarly journals Pandemics in the past Eight Centuries: A Sociological Appraisal

SIASAT ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Mohammad Taghi Sheykhi ◽  
Muhammad Ridwan
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Cholera Outbreak ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Historical Times ◽  
Household Members

The present article intends to reflect the appearance of different pandemics in different periods from sociological point of view. Earlier pandemics used to appear without being able to control them; at the historical times without medications, hospitals, motor vehicles, without communications etc. Millions of people died because of spreading unknown diseases such as flu, cholera, black death, plague and the like. Estimates show that the first 15 events killed over 85 million people. Plague in Italy during some years in the 17th century perished many people vs the least of facilities within reach. Similarly, great plague in Spain in mid 17th century took the lives of a large number of people. Great plague of London also in the second half of the 17th century killed more than 100,000 of citizens. Such events not only directly killed older household members, but created bad lives and deprivation for the younger remaining members in such households. Many of such children had to resort to orphanages. Cholera outbreak also appeared in early 19th century in India, Russia and Africa leaving behind a great number of deaths. The flu pandemic at the end of 19th century killed many people. Many countries came to know more on influenza since then. The outbreak of Coronavirus in 2020 is the worst very widespread and global affecting and infecting many people in all corners of the world. Coronavirus pandemic is wide spreading without being prevented. Despite all the existing facilities, it is killing more than the earlier pandemics in terms of time and space. As education and understanding of people are currently higher than before, they highly feel distressed and disordered.    

scholarly journals TRADITIONS OF THE HUNTING SUBCULTURE OF THE PEOPLES OF SIBERIA AND THE FAR NORTH IN JOURNAL ESSAYS OF THE LATE 19th CENTURY

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
O.Yu. Vasilyeva ◽  
A.V. Lyapina
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Far North ◽  
The World ◽  
First Time ◽  
Oriented System

The hunting ritual, which has a long tradition of studying, is for the first time considered from the standpoint of the value-oriented system of values of the world by the authors of Russian journal essays of the late 19th century. The distinctive features of the ritual of hunting as a cultural and ethnic specificity of a particular nation are separately represented, an orientalist approach to assessing the hunting traditions of the peoples of Siberia and the Far North in the capital’s journals of nature and hunting is revealed.

scholarly journals The newspaper “Babochka” (1829–1832) as a linguistic source

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-143
Author(s):  
Irina B. Diaghileva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Rare Word ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Semantic System ◽  
Word Usage ◽  
Differential Approach ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
Media Space ◽  
The World

The article deals with the newspaper “Babochka” as an important source for philological research, which objectively reflects the linguistic processes of its time. Translated articles selected from leading periodicals in Europe and America, creatively revised by the authors, included the Russian reader in the world media space. A differential approach is used in the article that focuses primarily on the dynamic elements of the lexical and semantic system. The newspaper presents the innovations of the early 19th century, including borrowings, foreign language inclusions, complex adjectives formed in Russian, and dialect words. As a result of the analysis of the source, the emergence of new meanings for words already in use was noted, the dating of a number of new lexemes was clarified, and contexts for their semantization were identified. The work concludes that the rare words and rare word usage recorded in the texts of the newspaper “Babochka” can be considered as valuable materials for historical lexicology.

The Response of African Americans to Lindbergh's Flight to Paris

Prospects ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 375-398
Author(s):  
Mark Helbling
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Classical Music ◽  
Human Values ◽  
Popular Discourse ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Problematic Relationship ◽  
The World ◽  
Dialectical Tension

On May 21, 1927, at 10:24 p.m., Charles Lindbergh gently touched down on French soil, the first person to fly the Atlantic alone. Immediately, the world had a new hero — mobbed wherever he went, the recipient of thousands of letters and poems, the inspiration for popular as well as classical music. But what, exactly, Lindbergh meant to his generation and subsequent generations has remained a source of interest and controversy. In “The Meaning of Lindbergh's Flight” (1958), for example, John W. Ward argued that Lindbergh revealed a deep tension in the American public: “Was the flight the achievement of a heroic, solitary, unaided individual or did the flight represent the triumph of the machine, the success of an industrially organized society?” Twenty-two years later, Laurence Goldstein, in “Lindbergh in 1927: The Response of Poets to the Poem of Fact” (1980), was less certain how to know the significance of Lindbergh's transatlantic flight. But he did argue that Lindbergh's problematic relationship to the “idealizing tendency of popular discourse” was itself a way to understand his complex response to his times and his achievement. More recently, Susan M. Gray, in Charles Lindbergh and the American Dilemma: The Conflict of Technology and Human Values (1988), argued that Lindbergh is best understood as a case study of a larger American issue, the “dialectical tension between technology and human values.” Not only did Lindbergh reveal the complex tensions noted by Ward and Goldstein, but, more fundamentally, he revealed the dialectical imagination characteristic of American thinking since the early 19th century.

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