scholarly journals Efektywna demokracja parlamentarna Michela Debré

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 135-140
Author(s):  
Kazimierz M. Ujazdowski
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Political System ◽  
Third Republic ◽  
European Countries ◽  
The Political ◽  
Parliamentary Democracy ◽  
Fifth Republic ◽  
French Model

EFFECTIVE PARLIAMENTARY DEMOCRACY BY MICHEL DEBRÉIn the 1930s, France epitomized a weakness of parliamentary democracy. Third Republic, that was recognized by many European countries as a model political system, was actually hit by a grave crisis combined with an increase of popularity of authoritarian trends. Undoubtedly, ineffectiveness of the French model of parliamentary democracy contributed to the fall of republican France in 1940. An in-depth and interesting analysis, which may also be recognized as an attempt made to overcome the weaknesses of parliamentary democracy, was put forward by Michel Debré in his writings published in the WWII years. One of the reasons why his draft of a rationalized parlia­mentary system deserves special attention is that this document inspired establishment of the Fifth Republic. Debré offered an exceptional lesson of critical thinking about the political system. This outstanding lawyer was able to correctly identify and effectively eliminate the vices of parliament­ary governments.

Division de pouvoir et intégration social: de Montesquieu à la crise actuelle du parlementarisme

1968 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-269
Author(s):  
André Vachet
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Political System ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Parliamentary Democracy ◽  
Social Division ◽  
Western Democracy ◽  
Vital Forces

Division of power and social integrationExplanation of some of the recent challenges to western democracy may be found in a re-examination of Montesquieu's thought. Here we find the theory of the separation of power to be far more complex than is implied in the simple divisions of legislature, executive, and judiciary. For Montesquieu, the separation of power is more a social division than a political or juridical one. He contemplated returning the organs of political power to various social forces, e.g. monarchy, aristocracy, and bourgeoisie, and that then the self-assertion of forces would be restrained by the resistance of other social groups. The realization of its goals would require every important social group to integrate itself both to society and to the state and to seek its goals through realization of the general good.Since Montesquieu's time, political structures would seem to have been very little changed even though social structures have been greatly altered by the rise of economic powers. Political institutions have been losing touch with the vital forces of society and these have had to find other channels of expression. The personalization of power, the rise of the executive, violence, and increasing paternalism may be viewed as phenomena of compensation by which attempts are being made to bridge the gap between the structures of political power and those of a society which has been restructured.Revigoration of parliamentary democracy would seem to require that all vital social forces be reintegrated into the political system and be given meaningful channels of political expression. Failure to make such changes opens the way to identification of the political powers with technocracy and the increasing general use of violence in the resolution of social problems.

scholarly journals Influence of migration processes on the political system of Germany: realities and prospects

nauka.me ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Tatiana Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
European Countries ◽  
The Political ◽  
Migration Crisis

The article examines the current migration crisis in Germany, which is the most suffered from the crisis from all European countries. The influence of the migration crisis on the political system of Germany is investigated. Practical steps are proposed to resolve the migration crisis in Germany

scholarly journals Political Parties of Thailand – Examination for Democratic Stability

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-119
Author(s):  
N. G. ROGOZHINA
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Political System ◽  
Party System ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Military Coup ◽  
The Political ◽  
Parliamentary Democracy ◽  
Political Spectrum ◽  
Political Governance

On the threshold of elections designed to be held in February 2019,  the first after the military junta seized power in 2014, it is important  to define the role of parties in the political process of Thailand, which  as other developing countries of Asia, faces  challenges in democratic state building. The contemporary political  history of kingdom represents the confrontation of two tendencies –  authoritarianism and democracy what has a reverse impact on  political parties, their character, structure and ability to represent  interests of the society as a whole. The author analyses the process  of party evolution in the historical retrospective in the context of  transformation of political system – from bureaucratic to  semidemocratic subjected to economic modernization and changes in  socio structure of society where traditional form of organization patron-client is persisted. The author defines three  stages of evolution of party system in Thailand The first is  characterized by the full control of civil-military bureaucracy over  parties. The second stage is closely related to the formation of provincial political clientele groups. The third stage marks the  evolvement of party of “power” with the implication for  strengthening the parliamentary democracy in the beginning of XXI  century. And as the result of it – to the destabilization of political  system, based on the relative balance of power between two main  political forces – bureaucracy and army interested in reservation of authoritarian government, and bourgeoisie supporting the  liberalization of political institutes. With the emergence of party of “power” supported by the majority of population advocating  parliamentary democracy political spectrum has changed. The arising conflict of interests subjected to collision of positions  regarding the model of political governance was overcome by  military coup. Analyzing the political spectrum on the threshold of  elections the author comes to conclusion that the restoration of  compromised model of political governance sample of 80-90 years of  XX century is the most likely option of political development of  Thailand in the near future. Though it differs in one aspect – the  social structure has changed, there is the rise of that groups of population that intend to participate in the political process, what  will force the power to be more transparent and social oriented. These challenges face the political parties as well.

scholarly journals Poradziecka oligarchizacja Ukrainy i Białorusi: procesy, mechanizmy, perspektywy

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 39-65
Author(s):  
Maxim Rust
Keyword(s):  
Political Development ◽  
Political System ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
European Countries ◽  
The Political ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Systemic Transformation ◽  
Eastern European Countries

In Eastern European countries, the issue of the oligarchisation of the political system is one of the most important factors influencing the process of systemic transformation. In Ukraine, the phenomenon of oligarchisation took on the classic post-Soviet form of influencing the political elite. In Belarus, its importance is smaller and of a different character. When analysing the dynamics of the socio-political development of both republics after 1991, the vision of Ukraine without oligarchs, or inversely – Belarus with the established oligarchic system is not so obvious. The main goal of this article is to compare and evaluate the reforms and socio-political changes in Belarus and Ukraine in the context of the role played by the oligarchisation of these countries.

scholarly journals Problem kondycji Polaków i Polski w myśli Romana Dmowskiego

Politeja ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3(60)) ◽  
pp. 323-347
Author(s):  
Bogumił Grott ◽  
Olgierd Grott
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Political System ◽  
Moral Sense ◽  
Character Traits ◽  
The Political ◽  
Parliamentary Democracy ◽  
Real Power ◽  
The Real ◽  
Positive Traits

Problem of the Condition of Poles and Poland in the Thought of Roman Dmowski The authors present opinions of Roman Dmowski – the leader of National Democrats – about character traits of his contemporary Poles and about the level of civilizational advancement of Poland during his lifetime. The authors highlight the development of his opinions, starting from the end of the 19th/beginning of the 20th century, when Dmowski criticised the Poles’ unrealistic political stances and the lack of character traits required to resist the occupants. In the next period the National Democrats entered the process of “merging nationalism with Catholicism into a single ideological entity”, which resulted in a shift in Dmowski’s perception of his compatriots. Dmowski started to notice more of their positive traits. He noted their idealism and religiousness, which were to be lacking among many Western societies. At the same time, discussing the political system, Dmowski criticised certain maladjustment of Polish masses to parliamentary democracy, leaning towards a vision of a system of elitist character. This quickly created the need, in Dmowski’s opinion, to identify “leadership”, which he described as “nation in the moral sense” or “national elite” and to entrust the real power to them.

scholarly journals Islamic Law in the Legal Political System

Al-Mizan ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-184
Author(s):  
Indah Abbas
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Political System ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
The Political ◽  
New Order ◽  
Parliamentary Democracy ◽  
Japanese Occupation ◽  
Reform Period ◽  
History Of

This article discusses the history of the development of Islamic law in the legal political system in Indonesia. The problem discussed in this article is how the history of the phases of Islamic law in Indonesia and how the formation of Islamic law in the development of the political system in Indonesia. The results showed that: First, the history of the development of Islamic law in Indonesia, namely from the pre-colonial period of the Netherlands, the Dutch colonial period, the period of Japanese occupation, the period of parliamentary democracy, the old and new order periods, and the reform period; Second, the position of Islamic law in the development of national law in Indonesia plays an important role in the orderliness of the Indonesian people, especially Muslims and is used as material in the preparation of national law

scholarly journals Conditions for an Effective Democracy in Multicultural Societies and Countries

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Flora Kadriu
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
Political System ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Setting ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Parliamentary Democracy ◽  
Cultural Rights ◽  
Civil And Political Rights ◽  
Theory Of Democracy

The motive behind this paper is exploration of the conditions for effective democracy in multicultural societies and countries. The two principles of social setting in the context of classical parliamentary democracy ensue from a special set of civil and political rights, as basis for cultural identity, which further underlies the collective cultural rights (CCRs) or group-differentiated rights (GDRs). Such setting is initiation into a serious process of changes in classical democracy. The cultural diversity accommodation in the political system of a given democracy is an intricate process that shifts the liberal justice concept and requires a new political system dubbed by some authors as multicultural democracy, instead of merely democracy in multicultural societies. This theory is chiefly known as “consociational theory of democracy”. In this paper, efforts are made to establish the new theoretic and experiential institutions and relations we are to call conditions for an effective multicultural democracy.

scholarly journals Język prawno-administracyjny okresu dwudziestolecia międzywojennego.

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (6/2020(775)) ◽  
pp. 34-48
Author(s):  
Ewa Malinowska
Keyword(s):  
Interwar Period ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Political System ◽  
The Political ◽  
Parliamentary Democracy ◽  
Half Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Principal Value ◽  
The Common

The object of this sketch is the legal and administrative Polish language of the interwar period, that is the time of the Second Polish Republic. Regaining the statehood after one and a half century of the Partitions marked signifi cant transformations in the history of the nation and the society, the return of the Polish language to offi ces, the gradual standardisation of the language of administration, unifi cation and codifi cation of law. The political system of the Second Polish Republic evolved. The system of parliamentary democracy, adopted in 1919 and established in the March Constitution, transformed gradually, in particular after the May Coup in 1926, into the authoritarian system. The principal value in the March Constitution is the nation, which was bestowed with power. In the April Constitution, the principal value is the state as the common good of all citizens. There were not enough Poles with a good background among administrative offi cers. A major role in preparing templates of documents was played by lawyers, who gave consideration also to language aspects.

Comment Why Dallas was Able to Conquer Italy

1987 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-53
Author(s):  
Gaetano Rando
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Political System ◽  
European Countries ◽  
The Political ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
The Relationship

Waddick Doyle's paper presents an interesting theoretical proposition on the relationship between broadcasting and the political system in Italy and one which may well provide a basis for the consideration of this relationship in the context of other European countries. It is also suggestive in terms of the decision making process in the Italian political system in an area (broadcasting) which is universally characterised by a notorious reluctance to legislate on the part of governments.

Getting out the truth: the role of libraries in the fight against fake news

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Batchelor
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Political System ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
The Political ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Library Professionals

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to inform library professionals on the issues, impact and methods of addressing misinformation in news. Design/methodology/approach This paper discusses the history, scope and impact of fake news and the tools available for correcting misinformation. Findings Fake news and misinformation are widespread and detrimental to democracy. A misinformed electorate undermines the political system. Originality/value The paper does not present original findings, but it presents many useful tools for library professionals to use as a means of promoting critical thinking.

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