scholarly journals Thermodynamic analysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae growth

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Fernandes de Almeida Meirelles ◽  
Andreas Karoly Gombert ◽  
Pedro Alcântara Pessôa Filho
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Thermodynamic Analysis ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Atp Synthesis ◽  
Chemical Bonds ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Glucose Molecule ◽  
Released Energy

The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is able to oxidize the glucose molecule through the metabolic pathways of fermentation and respiration, storing the released energy in the chemical bonds of the ATP molecule. However, less than half of this energy is used for ATP synthesis, supporting the hypothesis that the cell stores the spare energy in the chemical bonds of other components, in addition to releasing some of the energy in the form of heat. To verify this hypothesis, the present work validated a series of analyzes for the determination of the cell's composition, whether in relation to macromolecular and elemental components or metabolites. These analyzes will be applied in bioreactor cultivations under anaerobiosis or under aerobiosis, allowing to evaluate if the composition of the cells varies in these two conditions.

Evolution of ethylene by Saccharomyces cerevisiae as influenced by the carbon source for growth and the presence of air

1978 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 637-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Thomas ◽  
Mary Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Atp Synthesis ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Yeast Culture ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Absolute Requirement ◽  
Wild Type Yeast

Effects of the carbon source and oxygen on ethylene production by the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been studied. The amounts of ethylene evolved by the yeast culture were less than those detected in the blank (an equal volume of uninoculated medium), suggesting a net absorption of ethylene by the yeast cells. Addition of glucose to the lactate-grown yeast culture induced ethylene production. This glucose-induced stimulation of ethylene production was inhibited to a great extent by cycloheximide. Results suggested that the yeast cells in the presence of glucose synthesized an ethylene precursor and passed it into the medium. The conversion of this precursor to ethylene might be stimulated by oxygen. The fact that ethylene was produced by the yeast growing anaerobically and also by respiration-deficient mutants isolated from the wild-type yeast suggested that mitochondrial ATP synthesis was not an absolute requirement for ethylene biogenesis.

scholarly journals A glucan from active dry baker’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae): A chemical and enzymatic investigation of the structure

2003 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 805-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragan Zlatkovic ◽  
Dragica Jakovljevic ◽  
Djordje Zekovic ◽  
Miroslav Vrvic
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Optical Rotation ◽  
Linear Chain ◽  
Periodate Oxidation ◽  
Methylation Analysis ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Main Structural Feature ◽  
Or Groups

The structure of a polysaccharide consisting of D-glucose isolated from the cell-wall of active dry baker?s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) was investigated by using methylation analysis, periodate oxidation, mass spectrometry, NMR spectroscopy, and enzymic hydrolysis, as a new approach in determination of structures. The main structural feature of the polysaccharide deduced on the basis of the obtained results is a linear chain of (1?3)-linked ?-D-glucopyranoses, a part of which is substituted through the positions O-6. The side units or groups are either a single D-glucopyranose or (1?3)-?-oligoglucosides, linked to the main chaing through (1?6)-glucosidic linkages. The low optical rotation as well as the 13C-NMR and FTIR spectra suggest that the glycosidic linkages are in the ?-D-configuration.

scholarly journals Identification and comparison of stable and unstable mRNAs in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

1990 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 2269-2284 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Herrick ◽  
R Parker ◽  
A Jacobson
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Mrna Decay ◽  
Thermal Inactivation ◽  
Decay Rates ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Mrna Decay Rate ◽  
Approach To Steady State

We developed a procedure to measure mRNA decay rates in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and applied it to the determination of half-lives for 20 mRNAs encoded by well-characterized genes. The procedure utilizes Northern (RNA) or dot blotting to quantitate the levels of individual mRNAs after thermal inactivation of RNA polymerase II in an rpb1-1 temperature-sensitive mutant. We compared the results of this procedure with results obtained by two other procedures (approach to steady-state labeling and inhibition of transcription with Thiolutin) and also evaluated whether heat shock alter mRNA decay rates. We found that there are no significant differences in the mRNA decay rates measured in heat-shocked and non-heat-shocked cells and that, for most mRNAs, different procedures yield comparable relative decay rates. Of the 20 mRNAs studied, 11, including those encoded by HIS3, STE2, STE3, and MAT alpha 1, were unstable (t1/2 less than 7 min) and 4, including those encoded by ACT1 and PGK1, were stable (t1/2 greater than 25 min). We have begun to assess the basis and significance of such differences in the decay rates of these two classes of mRNA. Our results indicate that (i) stable and unstable mRNAs do not differ significantly in their poly(A) metabolism; (ii) deadenylation does not destabilize stable mRNAs; (iii) there is no correlation between mRNA decay rate and mRNA size; (iv) the degradation of both stable and unstable mRNAs depends on concomitant translational elongation; and (v) the percentage of rare codons present in most unstable mRNAs is significantly higher than in stable mRNAs.

scholarly journals Effect of heterologous expression of acyl-CoA-binding protein on acyl-CoA level and composition in yeast

1993 ◽  
Vol 290 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Mandrup ◽  
R Jepsen ◽  
H Skøtt ◽  
J Rosendal ◽  
P Højrup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Heterologous Expression ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Cellular Protein ◽  
Serine Residue ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Total Cellular Protein ◽  
Gal1 Promoter

We have expressed a bovine synthetic acyl-CoA-binding protein (ACBP) gene in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) under the control of the GAL1 promoter. The heterologously expressed bovine ACBP constituted up to 6.4% of total cellular protein and the processing was identical with that of native bovine ACBP, i.e. the initiating methionine was removed and the following serine residue was N-acetylated. The expression of this protein did not affect the growth rate of the cells. Determination of the yeast acyl-CoA pool size showed a close positive correlation between the ACBP content of the cells and the size of the acyl-CoA pool. Thus ACBP can act as an intracellular acyl-CoA pool former. Possible physiological functions of ACBP in cells are discussed.

Identification of regulatory regions within the Ty1 transposable element that regulate iso-2-cytochrome c production in the CYC7-H2 yeast mutant

1984 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 1393-1401
Author(s):  
B Errede ◽  
T S Cardillo ◽  
M A Teague ◽  
F Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Transposable Element ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Yeast Mutant ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Specific Restriction ◽  
Restriction Endonuclease Cleavage

The CYC7-H2 mutation in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was caused by insertion of a Ty1 transposable element in front of the iso-2-cytochrome c structural gene, CYC7. The Ty1 insertion places iso-2-cytochrome c production under control of regulatory signals that are normally required for mating functions in yeast cells. We have investigated the regions of the Ty1 insertion that are responsible for the aberrant production of iso-2-cytochrome c in the CYC7-H2 mutant. Five alterations of the CYC7-H2 gene were obtained by specific restriction endonuclease cleavage of the cloned DNA and ligation of appropriate fragments. The CYC7+, CYC7-H2, and modified CYC7-H2 genes were each inserted into the yeast vector YIp5 and used to transform a cytochrome c-deficient yeast strain. Expression and regulation of each allele integrated at the CYC7 locus have been compared in vivo by determination of the amount of iso-2-cytochrome c produced. These results show that distal regions of the Ty1 element are not essential for the CYC7-H2 overproducing phenotype. In contrast, alterations in the vicinity of the proximal Ty1 junction abolish the CYC7-H2 expression and give rise to different phenotypes.

scholarly journals Identification of regulatory regions within the Ty1 transposable element that regulate iso-2-cytochrome c production in the CYC7-H2 yeast mutant.

1984 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 1393-1401 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Errede ◽  
T S Cardillo ◽  
M A Teague ◽  
F Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Transposable Element ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Yeast Mutant ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Specific Restriction ◽  
Restriction Endonuclease Cleavage

The CYC7-H2 mutation in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was caused by insertion of a Ty1 transposable element in front of the iso-2-cytochrome c structural gene, CYC7. The Ty1 insertion places iso-2-cytochrome c production under control of regulatory signals that are normally required for mating functions in yeast cells. We have investigated the regions of the Ty1 insertion that are responsible for the aberrant production of iso-2-cytochrome c in the CYC7-H2 mutant. Five alterations of the CYC7-H2 gene were obtained by specific restriction endonuclease cleavage of the cloned DNA and ligation of appropriate fragments. The CYC7+, CYC7-H2, and modified CYC7-H2 genes were each inserted into the yeast vector YIp5 and used to transform a cytochrome c-deficient yeast strain. Expression and regulation of each allele integrated at the CYC7 locus have been compared in vivo by determination of the amount of iso-2-cytochrome c produced. These results show that distal regions of the Ty1 element are not essential for the CYC7-H2 overproducing phenotype. In contrast, alterations in the vicinity of the proximal Ty1 junction abolish the CYC7-H2 expression and give rise to different phenotypes.

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