scholarly journals Changes in Diet Quality of Adults Patients with Type Two Diabetes : Cohort Study of Non-Communicable Diseases Risk Factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 318
Author(s):  
Mahfuzhoh Fadillah Heryanda ◽  
Dodik Briawan ◽  
Sudikno Sudikno
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Type Two Diabetes

Background:   The compliance of Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) 2010 influences their risk of complications in type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In Indonesia, AHEI-2010 has not been widely used in evaluating the diet quality in people after diagnosed T2DM.Objectives: To analyze changes in diet quality of adults patients with T2DM. Methods: This study was analyzed using a secondary data from “Cohort Study of Non-Communicable Diseases Risk Factors” by Indonesian Ministry of Health, on 105 adults newly diagnosed with T2DM. The diagnosis of T2DM was assessed based on the results laboratory tests of fasting blood glucose (FBG) ≥126 mg/dL and 2-hours post-75-g glucose load (2h-PG) ≥200 mg/dL. Dietary intake data was collected twice (at the beginning and the end of monitoring) using a 24-hour recall. The assessment of diet quality uses modified AHEI-2010 USA according to the Indonesians Dietary Guidelines, especially in the portion of the food components.   Results: The total score for diet quality was higher at the beginning of monitoring 54.9 than the end of monitoring 53.3 and there was no statistical significance differences (p≥0.05). The total score from diet quality decreased 1.1 points, 53.4% of subjects showed score deterioration (deteriorating diet quality) and 46.7% showed score improvement (improved diet quality). There was a significant differences at the beginning and the end of monitoring only to components score of red/processed meat (p <0.05).Conclusions: Changes in diet quality that deteriorating over time during monitoring, characterized by a decrease in the total score for diet quality. 

Correlation between phq-9 score and physical activity level, risk factors and non-communicable diseases in patients in family medicine clinic

Open Medicine ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 372-377
Author(s):  
Zivana Gavric ◽  
Anna Culafic ◽  
Brankica Markovic
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family Medicine ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Family Doctor ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Patient Health

AbstractThe work of physicians in primary health care is essential in prevention and early detection of health risk factors. To determine the incidence of depression among patients in family medicine clinics, as well as the correlation between depression, risk factors and NCDs, and to determine correlation between depression (PHQ-9 score) and the level of physical activity. The pilot study was conducted from January to March 2010 on 100 patients using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The family doctor randomly interviewed and measured patients’ weight, height, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose and cholesterol and noted the presence of earlier diagnosed non-communicable diseases. The data for 92 patients were processed according to PHQ-9 and IPAQ guidelines. Out of 92 patients, 59 (64,1%) had PHQ-9 score ≤ 4 which suggests the absence of depression. The PHQ-9 score median was within normal limits, therefore, treatment was not required and there was no difference in PHQ-9 score median between patients with respect to age and sex. The level of physical activity was moderate in 39,1%, heavy in 35,9% and walking as physical activity in 25,0% of patients. Correlation coefficient between PHQ-9 score and MET score (r=−0,241) was statistically significant (p<0,05), as well as between PHQ -9 score and anxiety (r=0,27; p<0,01). Most studies show a correlation between depression and physical activity. It is essential to promote physical activity in order to prevent anxiety, depression and non-communicable diseases.

scholarly journals The burden and predisposing factors of non-communicable diseases in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences personnel: a prospective 15-year organizational cohort study protocol and baseline assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fariba Tohidinezhad ◽  
Ali Khorsand ◽  
Seyed Rasoul Zakavi ◽  
Reza Rezvani ◽  
Siamak Zarei-Ghanavati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Baseline Assessment ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Pesticide Exposures

Abstract Background The rising burden of premature mortality for Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) in developing countries necessitates the institutionalization of a comprehensive surveillance framework to track trends and provide evidence to design, implement, and evaluate preventive strategies. This study aims to conduct an organization-based prospective cohort study on the NCDs and NCD-related secondary outcomes in adult personnel of the Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS) as main target population. Methods This study was designed to recruit 12,000 adults aged between 30 and 70 years for 15 years. Baseline assessment includes a wide range of established NCD risk factors obtaining by face-to-face interview or examination. The questionnaires consist of demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, lifestyle pattern, fuel consumption and pesticide exposures, occupational history and hazards, personal and familial medical history, medication profile, oral hygiene, reproduction history, dietary intake, and psychological conditions. Examinations include body size and composition test, abdominopelvic and thyroid ultrasonography, orthopedic evaluation, pulse wave velocity test, electrocardiography, blood pressure measurement, smell-taste evaluation, spirometry, mammography, and preferred tea temperature assessment. Routine biochemical, cell count, and fecal occult blood tests are also performed, and the biological samples (i.e., blood, urine, hair, and nail) are stored in preserving temperature. Annual telephone interviews and repeated examinations at 5-year intervals are planned to update information on health status and its determinants. Results A total of 5287 individuals (mean age of 43.9 ± 7.6 and 45.9% male) were included in the study thus far. About 18.5% were nurses and midwives and 44.2% had at least bachelor’s degree. Fatty liver (15.4%), thyroid disorders (11.2%), hypertension (8.8%), and diabetes (4.9%) were the most prevalent NCDs. A large proportion of the population had some degree of anxiety (64.2%). Low physical activity (13 ± 22.4 min per day), high calorie intake (3079 ± 1252), and poor pulse-wave velocity (7.2 ± 1.6 m/s) highlight the need for strategies to improve lifestyle behaviors. Conclusion The PERSIAN Organizational Cohort study in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences is the first organizational cohort study in a metropolitan city of Iran aiming to provide a large data repository on the prevalence and risk factors of the NCDs in a developing country for future national and international research cooperation.

The rate of risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases and the quality of life in Tomsk college students

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
O. S. Kobyakova ◽  
I. A. Deev ◽  
E. S. Kulikov ◽  
N. M. Fayzulina ◽  
I. D. Pimenov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
College Students ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Chronic non-communicable diseases, risk factors, and quality of life in patients with malignancies of various localizations

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
M.N. Mamedov ◽  
V.I. Potievskaya ◽  
E.K. Saribekyan ◽  
O.V. Pikin ◽  
D.V. Sidorov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

scholarly journals Incidence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in HIV patients on ART in a developing country: Case of Zimbabwe’s Chitungwiza Central Hospital—A retrospective cohort study (2010–2019)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0252180
Author(s):  
Alexander Cheza ◽  
Boikhutso Tlou ◽  
Danai Tavonga Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Central Hospital ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Introduction The incidence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) has been reported to be rising over the years leading up to 2010. In Zimbabwe, there are few studies done to examine the incidence of NCDs in people living with HIV (PLHIV) on anti-retroviral treatment (ART). Objective To determine the incidence of NCDs in HIV patients on ART at the Chitungwiza Central Hospital over ten years and the associated risk factors. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study using data from 203 patients enrolled on ART at the Chitungwiza Central Hospital between 2010 and 2019. All 500 records were considered and the selection was based on participants’ consenting to the study and their strict adherence to ART without absconding. The incidence of NCDs was determined and generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to estimate the association between NCDs and the selected risk factors. Findings Data collected at the study’s baseline (2010) showed that the most prevalent NCD was hypertension, found in (18/203) 8.9% of the study participants, followed by diabetes (6.9%), then followed by cardiovascular diseases (CVD) (3.9%), and the least common NCD was cancer (1.9%). Incidences of all of these NCDs showed an increasing trend as the time of follow-up progressed. The factors found to be significantly associated with the development of NCDs were gender (p = 0.002) and follow-up time (p<0.001). Geographical location was a significant risk factor as urban patients were more likely to develop hypertension as compared to the peri-urban patients (p = 0.001). Conclusions NCDs and HIV comorbidity is common with women more likely than males to develop NCDs as they advance in age. There is need to devise targeted intervention approach to the respective NCDs and risk factors since they affect differently in relation to the demographic details of the participants. Recommendations This paper recommends a multi-stakeholder approach to the management of NCDs, with researchers, clinicians and the government and its various arms taking a leading role.

scholarly journals Birth by Caesarean Section and Prevalence of Risk Factors for Non-Communicable Diseases in Young Adults: A Birth Cohort Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. e74301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo L. Horta ◽  
Denise P. Gigante ◽  
Rosangela C. Lima ◽  
Fernando C. Barros ◽  
Cesar G. Victora
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

scholarly journals Longitudinal association between an overall diet quality index and latent profiles of cardiovascular risk factors: results from a population based 13-year follow up cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Nouri ◽  
Masoumeh Sadeghi ◽  
Noushin Mohammadifard ◽  
Hamidreza Roohafza ◽  
Awat Feizi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Longitudinal Association ◽  
Latent Profiles ◽  
Hs Crp

Abstract Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are associated with an unhealthy lifestyle, including poor diet. Indices reflecting the overall quality of diets are more effective than single food or nutrient-based approaches in clarifying the diet disease relationship. The present study aims to use latent variable modeling to examine the longitudinal joint relationships between the latent profiles of CVDs risk factors and the diet quality index (DQI). Methods A total of 4390 Iranian adults aged 35 and older within the framework of the Isfahan Cohort Study were included in the current secondary analysis. DQI focused on food groups, including fast foods, sweets, vegetables, fruits, fats, and proteins, based on a validated food frequency questionnaire. The score of DQI has a range between 0 (indicating healthy and high diet quality) and 2 (indicating unhealthy and low diet quality). Blood pressure (BP), anthropometric measurements, blood glucose, serum lipids, and high-sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) were measured according to standard protocols in 2001, 2007, and 2013 to evaluate the profiles of CVDs risk factors. A Bayesian Multidimensional Graded Responses Linear Mixed Model was used for data analysis. Results At baseline, the participants’ mean ± standard deviation age was 50.09 ± 11.21, and 49.5% of them were male. Three latent profiles of CVDs risk factors were derived: (1) Fit Pre-Metabolic Syndrome (FPMS) profile characterized by normal anthropometric indices and some impaired metabolic risk factors; (2) DysLipoproteinemia Central Obese (DLCO) profile with abdominal obesity and impaired low-density lipoprotein cholesterol as well as other normal risk factors; (3) Impaired Laboratory Inflammatory State (ILIS) profile with impaired high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and hs-CRP and other normal risk factors. In general, higher scores of the extracted latent profiles indicated more impaired function in the related risk factors. After controlling for various potential fixed and time-varying confounding variables, a significant positive longitudinal association was found between FPMS, DLCO, and ILIS profiles and DQI (β (95% CrI): 0.26 (0.03,0.51), 0.14 (0.01,0.27), and 0.24 (0.11,0.38), respectively), demonstrating that lower overall diet quality was associated with more impaired function of the related risk factors. Conclusions More adherence to a healthy quality diet is associated with lower levels of all emerging latent profiles of CVDs risk factors. Increasing the knowledge of the community about the importance of the quality of consumed foods may help to prevent CVDs. It is recommended that further investigations, particularly interventional studies, be conducted to confirm our results.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Association Between an Overall Diet Quality Index and Latent Profiles of Cardiovascular Risk Factors: Results From a Population Based 13-year Follow Up Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Nouri ◽  
Masoumeh Sadeghi ◽  
Noushin Mohammadifard ◽  
Hamidreza Roohafza ◽  
Awat Feizi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Longitudinal Association ◽  
Latent Profiles ◽  
Hs Crp

Abstract Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have been associated with an unhealthy lifestyle, including poor diet. Indices reflecting the overall quality of diets are more effective than single food or nutrient-based approaches are in clarifying the diet disease relationship. The present study aims to use latent variable modeling to examine the longitudinal joint relationships between the latent profiles of CVDs risk factors and the diet quality index (DQI).Methods: A total of 4390 Iranian adults aged 35 and older within the framework of the Isfahan Cohort Study (ICS) were included in the current secondary analysis. DQI was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Blood pressure (BP), anthropometric measurements, blood glucose, serum lipids, and high-sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) were measured according to standard protocols in 2001, 2007, and 2013 to evaluate the profiles of CVDs risk factors. A Bayesian multidimensional Graded Responses Linear Mixed Model was used for data analysis. Results: At baseline, the participants’ mean (SD) age was 50.09(11.21), and 49.5% of them were male. Three latent profiles of CVDs risk factors were derived: (i) Fit Pre-Metabolic Syndrome (FPMS) profile characterized by normal anthropometric indices and some impaired metabolic risk factors; (ii) DysLipoproteinemia Central Obese (DLCO) profile with abdominal obesity and impaired low-density lipoprotein cholesterol as well as other normal risk factors; (iii) Impaired Laboratory Inflammatory State (ILIS) profile with impaired high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and hs-CRP and other normal risk factors. In general, higher scores of the extracted latent profiles indicated more impaired function in the related risk factors. After controlling for various potential fixed and time-varying confounding variables, a significant positive longitudinal association was found between FPMS, DLCO, and ILIS profiles and DQI (β (95% CrI): 0.26 (0.03,0.51), 0.14 (0.01,0.27), and 0.24 (0.11,0.38), respectively), demonstrating that lower overall diet quality was associated with more impaired function of the related risk factors.Conclusions: Diet quality is associated with all emerging profiles of CVDs risk factors. Increasing the knowledge of the community about the importance of the quality of consumed foods may help to prevent CVDs. It is recommended that further investigations, particularly interventional studies, be conducted to confirm our results.

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