scholarly journals Longitudinal association between an overall diet quality index and latent profiles of cardiovascular risk factors: results from a population based 13-year follow up cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Nouri ◽  
Masoumeh Sadeghi ◽  
Noushin Mohammadifard ◽  
Hamidreza Roohafza ◽  
Awat Feizi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Longitudinal Association ◽  
Latent Profiles ◽  
Hs Crp

Abstract Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are associated with an unhealthy lifestyle, including poor diet. Indices reflecting the overall quality of diets are more effective than single food or nutrient-based approaches in clarifying the diet disease relationship. The present study aims to use latent variable modeling to examine the longitudinal joint relationships between the latent profiles of CVDs risk factors and the diet quality index (DQI). Methods A total of 4390 Iranian adults aged 35 and older within the framework of the Isfahan Cohort Study were included in the current secondary analysis. DQI focused on food groups, including fast foods, sweets, vegetables, fruits, fats, and proteins, based on a validated food frequency questionnaire. The score of DQI has a range between 0 (indicating healthy and high diet quality) and 2 (indicating unhealthy and low diet quality). Blood pressure (BP), anthropometric measurements, blood glucose, serum lipids, and high-sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) were measured according to standard protocols in 2001, 2007, and 2013 to evaluate the profiles of CVDs risk factors. A Bayesian Multidimensional Graded Responses Linear Mixed Model was used for data analysis. Results At baseline, the participants’ mean ± standard deviation age was 50.09 ± 11.21, and 49.5% of them were male. Three latent profiles of CVDs risk factors were derived: (1) Fit Pre-Metabolic Syndrome (FPMS) profile characterized by normal anthropometric indices and some impaired metabolic risk factors; (2) DysLipoproteinemia Central Obese (DLCO) profile with abdominal obesity and impaired low-density lipoprotein cholesterol as well as other normal risk factors; (3) Impaired Laboratory Inflammatory State (ILIS) profile with impaired high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and hs-CRP and other normal risk factors. In general, higher scores of the extracted latent profiles indicated more impaired function in the related risk factors. After controlling for various potential fixed and time-varying confounding variables, a significant positive longitudinal association was found between FPMS, DLCO, and ILIS profiles and DQI (β (95% CrI): 0.26 (0.03,0.51), 0.14 (0.01,0.27), and 0.24 (0.11,0.38), respectively), demonstrating that lower overall diet quality was associated with more impaired function of the related risk factors. Conclusions More adherence to a healthy quality diet is associated with lower levels of all emerging latent profiles of CVDs risk factors. Increasing the knowledge of the community about the importance of the quality of consumed foods may help to prevent CVDs. It is recommended that further investigations, particularly interventional studies, be conducted to confirm our results.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Association Between an Overall Diet Quality Index and Latent Profiles of Cardiovascular Risk Factors: Results From a Population Based 13-year Follow Up Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Nouri ◽  
Masoumeh Sadeghi ◽  
Noushin Mohammadifard ◽  
Hamidreza Roohafza ◽  
Awat Feizi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Longitudinal Association ◽  
Latent Profiles ◽  
Hs Crp

Abstract Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have been associated with an unhealthy lifestyle, including poor diet. Indices reflecting the overall quality of diets are more effective than single food or nutrient-based approaches are in clarifying the diet disease relationship. The present study aims to use latent variable modeling to examine the longitudinal joint relationships between the latent profiles of CVDs risk factors and the diet quality index (DQI).Methods: A total of 4390 Iranian adults aged 35 and older within the framework of the Isfahan Cohort Study (ICS) were included in the current secondary analysis. DQI was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Blood pressure (BP), anthropometric measurements, blood glucose, serum lipids, and high-sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) were measured according to standard protocols in 2001, 2007, and 2013 to evaluate the profiles of CVDs risk factors. A Bayesian multidimensional Graded Responses Linear Mixed Model was used for data analysis. Results: At baseline, the participants’ mean (SD) age was 50.09(11.21), and 49.5% of them were male. Three latent profiles of CVDs risk factors were derived: (i) Fit Pre-Metabolic Syndrome (FPMS) profile characterized by normal anthropometric indices and some impaired metabolic risk factors; (ii) DysLipoproteinemia Central Obese (DLCO) profile with abdominal obesity and impaired low-density lipoprotein cholesterol as well as other normal risk factors; (iii) Impaired Laboratory Inflammatory State (ILIS) profile with impaired high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and hs-CRP and other normal risk factors. In general, higher scores of the extracted latent profiles indicated more impaired function in the related risk factors. After controlling for various potential fixed and time-varying confounding variables, a significant positive longitudinal association was found between FPMS, DLCO, and ILIS profiles and DQI (β (95% CrI): 0.26 (0.03,0.51), 0.14 (0.01,0.27), and 0.24 (0.11,0.38), respectively), demonstrating that lower overall diet quality was associated with more impaired function of the related risk factors.Conclusions: Diet quality is associated with all emerging profiles of CVDs risk factors. Increasing the knowledge of the community about the importance of the quality of consumed foods may help to prevent CVDs. It is recommended that further investigations, particularly interventional studies, be conducted to confirm our results.

scholarly journals Changes in Diet Quality of Adults Patients with Type Two Diabetes : Cohort Study of Non-Communicable Diseases Risk Factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 318
Author(s):  
Mahfuzhoh Fadillah Heryanda ◽  
Dodik Briawan ◽  
Sudikno Sudikno
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Type Two Diabetes

Background:   The compliance of Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) 2010 influences their risk of complications in type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In Indonesia, AHEI-2010 has not been widely used in evaluating the diet quality in people after diagnosed T2DM.Objectives: To analyze changes in diet quality of adults patients with T2DM. Methods: This study was analyzed using a secondary data from “Cohort Study of Non-Communicable Diseases Risk Factors” by Indonesian Ministry of Health, on 105 adults newly diagnosed with T2DM. The diagnosis of T2DM was assessed based on the results laboratory tests of fasting blood glucose (FBG) ≥126 mg/dL and 2-hours post-75-g glucose load (2h-PG) ≥200 mg/dL. Dietary intake data was collected twice (at the beginning and the end of monitoring) using a 24-hour recall. The assessment of diet quality uses modified AHEI-2010 USA according to the Indonesians Dietary Guidelines, especially in the portion of the food components.   Results: The total score for diet quality was higher at the beginning of monitoring 54.9 than the end of monitoring 53.3 and there was no statistical significance differences (p≥0.05). The total score from diet quality decreased 1.1 points, 53.4% of subjects showed score deterioration (deteriorating diet quality) and 46.7% showed score improvement (improved diet quality). There was a significant differences at the beginning and the end of monitoring only to components score of red/processed meat (p <0.05).Conclusions: Changes in diet quality that deteriorating over time during monitoring, characterized by a decrease in the total score for diet quality. 

scholarly journals Plant- and animal-based diet quality and mortality among US adults: a cohort study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Laura Keaver ◽  
Mengyuan Ruan ◽  
Fan Chen ◽  
Mengxi Du ◽  
Chenyueyi Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Healthy Plant ◽  
Diet Quality Index ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Nationally Representative

Abstract Not all plant-based and animal foods exert the same health effects due to their various nutrient compositions. We aimed to assess the quality of plant-based v. animal foods in relation to mortality in a prospective cohort study. Using data collected from a nationally representative sample of 36 825 adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2014, we developed a de novo Comprehensive Diet Quality Index (cDQI) that assesses the quality of seventeen foods based on the healthfulness and separately scored the quality of eleven plant-based foods in a plant-based Diet Quality Index (pDQI) and six animal foods in an animal-based Diet Quality Index (aDQI). Mortality from all causes, heart disease and cancer were obtained from linkage to the National Death Index up to 31 December 2015. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % CI after multivariable adjustments. During a median follow-up of 8·3 years, 4669 all-cause deaths occurred, including 798 deaths due to heart disease and 1021 due to cancer. Compared with individuals in the lowest quartile, those in the highest quartile of cDQI had a lower risk of all-cause mortality (HR 0·75, 95 % CI 0·65, 0·86; Ptrend < 0·001), which largely reflected the inverse relationship between quality of plant-based foods (pDQI) and all-cause mortality (HR 0·66, 95 % CI 0·58, 0·74; Ptrend < 0·001). No independent association was found for the quality of animal foods (aDQI) and mortality. Our results suggest that consuming healthy plant-based foods is associated with lower all-cause mortality among US adults.

Survey of Quality of Life and Related Risk Factors for a Taiwanese Village Population 3 Years Post-Earthquake

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hung-Chi Wu ◽  
Pesus Chou ◽  
Frank Huang-Chih Chou ◽  
Chao-Yueh Su ◽  
Kuan-Yi Tsai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Earthquake Survivors

Objective: To investigate quality of life (QOL) and related risk factors in Taiwanese earthquake survivors diagnosed with different psychiatric disorders 3 years after the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake. Method: This study was a population survey. Trained assistants used the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (MOS SF-36) and questionnaires to interview 405 respondents (189 men and 216 women) aged 16 years or older, who had been exposed to the earthquake. Psychiatrists interviewed the same respondents using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview, with an adjusted response rate of 70.2%. Results: The prevalence range for psychiatric disorders in the earthquake survivors was 0.2–7.2% 3 years after the Chi-Chi earthquake, with rates for major depression (MD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) of 6.4% and 4.4%, respectively. The QOL scores for the PTSD/MD group were lower than for the other two diagnostic groups, as determined by assessment of physical and mental aspects of functional integrity from MOS SF-36 scores. The predictors for poor QOL were age, female gender, economic problems, physical illness, subjective assessment of memory and social-activity decline and diagnosis of PTSD or MD. Conclusion: The QOL for earthquake survivors with psychiatric disorders, especially PTSD or MD, was inferior compared with the mentally healthy analogues, with contemporaneous decreases in mental and physical function scores across the QOL subscales. The persistence of long-term economic problems was one of many important factors affecting QOL.

scholarly journals Association Between Subconjunctival Hemorrhage and Acute Coronary Syndrome: A 14-Year Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping-Hao Chiang ◽  
Jung-Nien Lai ◽  
Yun-Chi Chiang ◽  
Kai-Chieh Hu ◽  
Min-Yen Hsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Subconjunctival Hemorrhage ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Purpose: Subconjunctival hemorrhage (SCH) is usually a benign ocular disorder that causes painless, redness under the conjunctiva. However, since SCH and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) share many vascular risk factors, studies have suggested that these two disorders may be significantly associated with each other, and evaluate the concomitance of ACS in patients with SCH.Methods: This population-based cohort study, enrolled 35,260 Taiwanese patients, and used the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database to identify patients with ACS and SCH. Outcomes were compared between the with and without SCH groups. The study population was followed until the date of ACS onset, the date of withdrawal, death, or December 31st 2013, whichever came first.Results: Of the 85,925 patients identified with SCH between 1996 and 2013, 68,295 were excluded based on the study's exclusion criteria, and a total of 17,630 patients with SCH who were diagnosed by ophthalmologists between 2000 and 2012 were eligible for analysis. After 1:1 propensity score matching for 5-year age groups, gender, and the index year, the results showed that SCH was more common in the 40–59 age group (53.82%) and females (58.66%). As for the ACS-related risk factors, patients with diabetes mellitus (aHR = 1.58, 95% CI = [1.38, 1.81]), hypertension (aHR = 1.71, 95% CI = [1.49, 1.96]) and patients taking aspirin (aHR = 1.67, 95% CI = [1.47, 1.90]) had a notably higher risk of ACS. However, it was found that there were no significant differences in the occurrence of ACS between the non-SCH and SCH patients.Conclusion: This results of this study regarding the risk factors and epidemiology of SCH and ACS were in keeping with previously reported findings. However, the results revealed no significant association between SCH and ACS.

Abstract P358: Consumption of Better Quality Grain Products and Fat Sources is Associated With the Greatest Increments in Diet Quality for US Adults

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie Sullivan ◽  
Kristina Petersen ◽  
Victor Fulgoni ◽  
Fulya Eren ◽  
Martha E Cassens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Whole Grains ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Refined Grains ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Total Diet

Introduction: The Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 quantifies alignment with the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans by scoring and totaling 13 components. Higher scores have been associated with lower all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. The contributions of individual components toward total diet quality and associations with health in American adults have not been determined. Hypothesis: It was hypothesized that the individual HEI-2015 components would differentially contribute to total diet quality and correlate with CVD risk factors in U.S. adults. Methods: Non-pregnant, non-lactating adult participants (age 19+ years) in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001-2016 with at least one reliable 24-hour dietary recall were included in the analysis (n=39,799). Total and component HEI-2015 scores were calculated per person using a single recall. Linear regression models accounting for the complex sampling design were used to assess associations between total and component HEI-2015 scores and CVD risk factors after adjustment for potential confounders. Significance of beta coefficients was defined by p<0.01. Results: Total HEI-2015 score was positively associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C; ß±SE, 0.10±0.01 mg/dL) and inversely associated with BMI (-0.05±0 kg/m 2 ), waist circumference (WC; -0.13±0.01 cm), systolic blood pressure (SBP; -0.04±0.01 mmHg), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C; -0.09±0.03 mg/dL), triglycerides (-0.20±0.08 mg/dL), fasting glucose (-0.05±0.02 mg/dL), and insulin (-0.03±0.01 μU/mL). All component scores increased with total score. The Whole Grains and Fatty Acid Ratio components made the greatest contributions (both +0.12 points or 12%) to each one-unit increase in HEI-2015, followed by moderation components Refined Grains and Saturated Fat (both +0.11 or 11%). Increases in the Fatty Acid Ratio score were explained by decreasing saturated fat (-1.67 g/unit, 95% CI: -1.73 to -1.61) and increasing polyunsaturated fat (PUFA; 1.17 g/unit, 95% CI: 1.12, 1.22); increases in monounsaturated fats were relatively small (0.18 g/unit, 95% CI: 0.11 to 0.25). The predominant PUFA was linoleic acid, which increased 1.06 g/unit (95% CI: 1.02 to 1.11). Scores for grain-related components were favorably associated with BMI, WC, SBP and HDL-C; fat quality components were inversely associated with BMI, WC, HDL-C, LDL-C, and triglycerides. Conclusion: Diet quality is favorably associated with several CVD risk factors. Approximately 50% of each 1-point increase in HEI-2015 is related to the quality of grain-based products and fat sources. Choosing whole grains instead of refined grains, and PUFA in place of saturated fats, is associated with improvements in diet quality and cardiovascular health.

Musculoskeletal health, quality of life, and related risk factors among physiotherapy students

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
DibyendunarayanDhrubaprasad Bid ◽  
ThangamaniRamalingam Alagappan ◽  
HetalP Dhanani ◽  
ParitaS Goyani ◽  
ZenishS Narielwala
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Musculoskeletal Health ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Health Quality ◽  
Health Quality Of Life ◽  
Physiotherapy Students

Diet quality of Norwegian children at 3 and 7 years: changes, predictors and longitudinal association with weight

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Line Marlene Nylund Sørensen ◽  
Geir Aamodt ◽  
Anne Lise Brantsæter ◽  
Helle Margrete Meltzer ◽  
Eleni Papadopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Longitudinal Association

scholarly journals Role of the intelligent exercise rehabilitation management system on adherence of cardiac rehabilitation in patients with coronary heart disease: a randomised controlled crossover study protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. e036720
Author(s):  
Linqi Xu ◽  
Wenji Xiong ◽  
Jinwei Li ◽  
Hongyu Shi ◽  
Meidi Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Usual Care ◽  
Rehabilitation Management ◽  
Exercise Rehabilitation ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Secondary Outcomes ◽  
Randomised Controlled

IntroductionThe benefits of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) on the reduction of cardiac and all-cause mortality are well documented. However, adherence remains suboptimal in China. It is clear that traditional CR does not meet the needs of many eligible patients and innovation is required to improve its application. Home-based CR (HBCR) is a cost-effective method that may be a valuable alternative for many individuals in China. In HBCR, it is often difficult to maintain an exercise intensity that is both effective and within safe limits, factors that are essential for patient safety. Mobile health interventions have the potential to overcome these obstacles and may be efficacious in improving adherence. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether an Intelligent Exercise Rehabilitation Management System (IERMS)-based HBCR could improve adherence to CR and to assess the effects on exercise capacity, mental health, self-efficacy, quality of life and lifestyle-related risk factors.Methods and analysisWe propose a single-blinded, two-arm, randomised controlled crossover study of 70 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Participants will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to one of the two groups. Patients in group 1 will receive the IERMS intervention together with usual care for the first 6 weeks and usual care for the last 6 weeks, while patients assigned to group 2 will receive usual care for the first 6 weeks and will use IERMS in the last 6 weeks. The primary outcome is adherence to the programme and secondary outcomes include exercise capacity, psychological well-being, quality of life, self-efficacy and lifestyle-related risk factors. All secondary outcomes will be measured at baseline, 6 weeks and 12 weeks.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the School of Nursing, Jilin University (HREC 2019120901). The results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and at conferences.Trial registration numberChiCTR1900028182; Pre-results.

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