scholarly journals The Effective Dose Analysis of Head CT-Scan on Adult Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Febriana Dwi Rahmadani ◽  
R Arif Wibowo ◽  
Khusnul Ain
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Dose Limit ◽  
Monitor Screen ◽  
Head Ct ◽  
Limit Value ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Safe Dose

This study was aimed to determine the difference of the effective dose from the clinical and theoretical on the head CT-Scan examination of adult patients and compare the data with the permitted dose limit from BAPETEN. The data collected at Haji Hospital Surabaya using MSCT Siemens Somatom Definition AS 64 Slice on five adult patients, aged between 28-67 years old. The step before the scanning process were adjusting the voltage (kV) and current values (mA) on the CT-Scan. The scanning duration for each patient was 4s and resulted in head images with CTDIvol and DLP values displayed on the monitor screen. The effective dose limit value for the head CT scan was 2.8 mSv, according to BAPETEN. The study results showed that the effective dose on head CT Scan examination was below the safe dose limit value, while the different fractions between the clinical and theoretical of Patient A, B, C, D, and E was 4.11%; 5.46%; 6.19%; 6.52%; and 5.42%, respectively.

Analisis Reduksi Dosis Efektif Mata Pada Fantom Menggunakan TLD Mata dengan Implementasi Software Organ Dose Modulation (ODM) dan Eyeshield pada Protokol CT Kepala dengan Alat GE Revolution Evo 128 Slice

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Dito Andi Rukmana ◽  
◽  
Veronika Saron Kamantuh ◽  
Bambang Dwinanto ◽  
Lutfiana Desy Saputri
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Dose Calculation ◽  
Organ Dose ◽  
Head Ct ◽  
Affect Image Quality ◽  
Dose Modulation

The eye is one of the sensitive organs that need attention in the head CT-Scan. This study aims to reduce the effective eye dose on a head CT-Scan using ODM (Organ Dose Modulation) software and use eyeshield on the phantom. The study was conducted using a CT-Scan tool GE Revolution Evo 128 Slice. The research method was carried out by placing three pairs of eye TLDs (Hp3 Dosimeters) on the phantom for the three examination configurations, CT-Scan standard (routine) examinations, examinations using ODM software, and examinations using ODM software and eyeshield. The estimated effective dose calculation based on TLD reading for the eye lens on a standard CT-Scan (routine) is 1.29 mSv. Examination with ODM software is 1.03 mSv. Examination with ODM software and eyeshield of 0.9 mSv. Based on the results obtained, a head CT-Scan with ODM software can reduce the dose by 20% from a routine head CT-Scan, and if added with an eyeshield, it can reduce the dose by 30%. The quality of the image produced by implementing ODM software, SNR value decreased from 39 to 35 in the anterior phantom, central and posterior parts remained. However, the change in SNR value is not significant, so it does not change the image quality. Furthermore, the addition of eyeshield does not alter the SNR value, which means that the addition eyeshield does not cause artifacts that affect image quality. Using ODM and eyeshield software is indeed a little more complicated than a routine head CT-Scan. Still, the benefits obtained are pretty significant, reducing the effective dose received by the eye without reducing image quality.

scholarly journals Investigation of Adolescent Pregnancy Outcomes and Postpartum Depression Frequency and Risk Factors: Prospective Case Control Study

2019 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Mehmet Sukru Budak ◽  
Sedat Akgol
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Caesarean Delivery ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Training And Research ◽  
The Difference

<p><strong>Objective:</strong> The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of postpartum depression (PPD), accompanying risk factors, and obstetrics and neonatal outcomes in adolescent pregnancies.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Study Design:</strong> This prospective study was conducted on adolescent and adult pregnant patients giving birth in Diyarbakır Gazi Yaşargil Training and Research Hospital of Health Sciences University between January 01 and 31, 2018. Groups were compared in terms of PPD rates and PPD-related factors were also determined in both groups.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> The frequency of PPD was higher in adolescent patients than in adult patients but the difference was not considered statistically significant (p&gt; 0.05). In adolescent and adult patients, the following factors were found to increase PPD risk: illiteracy, living in an urban area, divorced parents, having fewer than 4 siblings, anemia and caesarean delivery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The study results showed no significant difference in PPD rates between adolescent and adult pregnant patients. In both groups, the factors of illiteracy, living in an urban area, divorced parents, anemia, fewer than 4 siblings, and caesarean delivery were found to increase the risk of development of PPD.</p>

scholarly journals Radiation dosage distribution in area room CT scan multi slice 64 to dose limit value

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Ni Nyoman Ratini ◽  
I Made Yuliara ◽  
Ni Luh Putu Trisnawati
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Average Dose ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Dose Limit ◽  
Radiation Dose Rate ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Limit Value ◽  
A Value

An analysis of the distribution of radiation doses in the area of ??CT Scan Multi-Slice 64 has been carried out in Sanglah Hospital Denpasar. The study was conducted by dividing the area around the room into 8 regions and paths that indicate the distance from the wall to the surveillance. Measurements were made at several points at intervals of 1 m. Each point is taken three times the data collection. From the results of the distribution analysis it was found that there was an increase in the radiation dose rate to the Dose Limit Value (DLV) with a significance level below 0.05 occurring in region C with an average dose rate of 142.32 µSv/h, region E with an average value of an average of 111.36 µSv/h and area D with an average value of 40.68 µSv/h which has a value above the DLV. Whereas the value of the dose rate of other regions is below the DLV. Areas with a 25 cm transverse brick type barrier wall that has a 2 m window above have an average dose rate of 129.55 µSv/h, a 5 cm wooden door with a 2 mm Pb layer has an average dose rate of 67, 91 ?Sv/h.

scholarly journals BHCNet: Neural Network based Brain Hemorrhage Classification Using Head CT Scan

IEEE Access ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Muhammad Faheem Mushtaq ◽  
Mobeen Shahroz ◽  
Ali M. Aseere ◽  
Habib Shah ◽  
Rizwan Majeed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Brain Hemorrhage ◽  
Head Ct

Should a Head-Injured Child Receive a Head CT Scan? A Systematic Review of Clinical Prediction Rules

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. e145-e154 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Maguire ◽  
K. Boutis ◽  
E. M. Uleryk ◽  
A. Laupacis ◽  
P. C. Parkin
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Clinical Prediction ◽  
Clinical Prediction Rules ◽  
Injured Child ◽  
Prediction Rules ◽  
Head Ct ◽  
Head Injured

Radiation exposure during the treatment of spinal deformities

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jwalant S. Mehta ◽  
Kirsten Hodgson ◽  
Lu Yiping ◽  
James Swee Beng Kho ◽  
Ravindra Thimmaiah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Spinal Deformity ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Intraoperative Fluoroscopy ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Surgical Group

Aims To benchmark the radiation dose to patients during the course of treatment for a spinal deformity. Methods Our radiation dose database identified 25,745 exposures of 6,017 children (under 18 years of age) and adults treated for a spinal deformity between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2016. Patients were divided into surgical (974 patients) and non-surgical (5,043 patients) cohorts. We documented the number and doses of ionizing radiation imaging events (radiographs, CT scans, or intraoperative fluoroscopy) for each patient. All the doses for plain radiographs, CT scans, and intraoperative fluoroscopy were combined into a single effective dose by a medical physicist (milliSivert (mSv)). Results There were more ionizing radiation-based imaging events and higher radiation dose exposures in the surgical group than in the non-surgical group (p < 0.001). The difference in effective dose for children between the surgical and non-surgical groups was statistically significant, the surgical group being significantly higher (p < 0.001). This led to a higher estimated risk of cancer induction for the surgical group (1:222 surgical vs 1:1,418 non-surgical). However, the dose difference for adults was not statistically different between the surgical and non-surgical groups. In all cases the effective dose received by all cohorts was significantly higher than that from exposure to natural background radiation. Conclusion The treatment of spinal deformity is radiation-heavy. The dose exposure is several times higher when surgical treatment is undertaken. Clinicians should be aware of this and review their practices in order to reduce the radiation dose where possible.

Comparative analysis of codon usage patterns in SARS-CoV-2, its mutants and other respiratory viruses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neetu Tyagi ◽  
Rahila Sardar ◽  
Dinesh Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Codon Usage ◽  
Codon Usage Bias ◽  
Gc Content ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Nucleotide Composition ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Usage Patterns ◽  
The Difference

AbstractThe Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 virus (SARS-CoV-2) poses a worldwide human health crisis, causing respiratory illness with a high mortality rate. To investigate the factors governing codon usage bias in all the respiratory viruses, including SARS-CoV-2 isolates from different geographical locations (~62K), including two recently emerging strains from the United Kingdom (UK), i.e., VUI202012/01 and South Africa (SA), i.e., 501.Y.V2 codon usage bias (CUBs) analysis was performed. The analysis includes RSCU analysis, GC content calculation, ENC analysis, dinucleotide frequency and neutrality plot analysis. We were motivated to conduct the study to fulfil two primary aims: first, to identify the difference in codon usage bias amongst all SARS-CoV-2 genomes and, secondly, to compare their CUBs properties with other respiratory viruses. A biased nucleotide composition was found as most of the highly preferred codons were A/U-ending in all the respiratory viruses studied here. Compared with the human host, the RSCU analysis led to the identification of 11 over-represented codons and 9 under-represented codons in SARS-CoV-2 genomes. Correlation analysis of ENC and GC3s revealed that mutational pressure is the leading force determining the CUBs. The present study results yield a better understanding of codon usage preferences for SARS-CoV-2 genomes and discover the possible evolutionary determinants responsible for the biases found among the respiratory viruses, thus unveils a unique feature of the SARS-CoV-2 evolution and adaptation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt at comparative CUBs analysis on the worldwide genomes of SARS-CoV-2, including novel emerged strains and other respiratory viruses.

Establishing local diagnostic reference levels for adult computed tomography in Morocco

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. El Mansouri ◽  
M. Talbi ◽  
A. Choukri ◽  
O. Nhila ◽  
M. Aabid
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Diagnostic Reference Levels ◽  
Reference Levels ◽  
Dose Length Product ◽  
Head Ct ◽  
Ct Examination ◽  
Japanese Studies ◽  
The Uk

In Morocco, the radiation doses received by adult patients are increasing due to the number of CT examinations performed and the larger number of computed tomography (CT) scanners installed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the radiation doses received by patients for the most common adult CT examinations in order to establish local diagnostic reference levels (DRLs). Data from 1016 adult patients were collected during 3 months from four Moroccan hospitals. Dose length product (DLP) and volumetric computed tomography dose index (CTDIvol) were evaluated by determining the 75th percentile as diagnostic reference levels for the most common examinations including head, chest and abdomen. The DRL for each examination was compared with other studies. The established DRLs in Morocco in terms of CTDIvol were 57.4, 12.3 and 10.9 for CT examinations of the head, chest, abdomen, respectively. For DLP, they were 1020, 632 and 714, respectively. These established DRLs for CTDIvol were almost similar to the UK DRLs at all examinations, higher than the Egyptian DRLs and lower than the Japanese DRLs at the head CT examination, lower than the DRLs from Egypt and Japan at the CT abdomen examination. In terms of DLP, the DRLs were higher than those of the British studies, lower than those of the Egyptian and Japanese studies at the head CT examination were higher at chest CT and lower at abdominal CT than those of all selected studies. The higher level of established DRLs in our study demonstrates the requirement of an optimization process while keeping a good image quality for a reliable diagnosis.

scholarly journals Religiousness Attitude During Adulthood Elderly (Psychology Of Religion Perspectives)

RELIGIA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Muhamad Rifa'i Subhi
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Religious Involvement ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Psychology Of Religion ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
The Real ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Difference

Islam teaches the difference in someone's level of religiosity. The level of human religiosity can change from one moment to another. Humans have evolved a religious life. Including human experience in adulthood elderly in life and face the problems of life. This study focused on the real description of the attitude of religiosity which is owned by the elderly. The study was taken from the students at the boarding school Elderly Islamic boarding school (Pesantren) of Roudlotul Muta'allimin Dracik Kramat Batang. The research method used descriptive qualitative approach to straight dialogue (interview) of the respondents, namely the students of Elderly Islamic Boarding School (Pesantren). The study results showed that each of the students have the different religious involvement in filling elderly period (retirement). The involvement includes Ritual Involvement, Ideological Involvement, Intellectual involvement, experimental involvement, and consequential involvement.

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