scholarly journals Foreign Policy and National Interest: Realism and Its Critiques

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Munafrizal Manan
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
International Relations ◽  
National Interest ◽  
Economic Globalization ◽  
Alternative Approaches

Realism stated that conflict or even war among countries are acceptable in order to achieve national interest. Such a view has become the mainstream in international relations (IR) both theoretically and practically. But it does not mean that realist views are the best approach to discuss foreign policy and national interest. Liberalism and global humanism can be used as alternative approaches to discuss it. From the perspective of liberalism and global humanism, foreign policy is not only reflecting national interest, but also dealing with human and global interest. By focussing on the issues of economic globalization, democracy, human rights, and environment, the approaches of liberalism and global humanism show that these issues have now become a part of foreign policy and national interest of countries. It means that if it comes to human and global interests, then countries choose to cooperate globally rather than to involve in conflict or war.

Political Asylum in Germany: International Norms and Domestic Politics

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-49
Author(s):  
John Bendix ◽  
Niklaus Steiner
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Expected Utility ◽  
Comparative Politics ◽  
Domestic Politics ◽  
National Interest ◽  
Political Asylum ◽  
German Politics

Although political asylum has been at the forefront of contemporaryGerman politics for over two decades, it has not been much discussedin political science. Studying asylum is important, however,because it challenges assertions in both comparative politics andinternational relations that national interest drives decision-making.Political parties use national interest arguments to justify claims thatonly their agenda is best for the country, and governments arguesimilarly when questions about corporatist bargaining practices arise.More theoretically, realists in international relations have positedthat because some values “are preferable to others … it is possible todiscover, cumulate, and objectify a single national interest.” Whileinitially associated with Hans Morgenthau’s equating of nationalinterest to power, particularly in foreign policy, this position hassince been extended to argue that states can be seen as unitary rationalactors who carefully calculate the costs of alternative courses ofaction in their efforts to maximize expected utility.

Human Rights & the National Interest

Worldview ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
J. Bryan Hehir
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Moral Theory ◽  
National Interest ◽  
Roman Catholic ◽  
The State ◽  
Cautionary Note ◽  
National Goal ◽  
Stanley Hoffmann ◽  
Difficult Subject

The philosophical discussions about the nature and origins of human rights are learned, complex and fascinating; it can certainly be argued that before a statesman decides to make a national goal of their promotion he should have a firm moral theory about their essence and their foundations. But much of the literature has a tendency to overcomplicate what is already a formidably difficult subject.—Stanley Hoffmann, Duties Beyond BordersHeeding this cautionary note from a perceptive theorist who has explored the philosophical dimensions of rights policy, my limited purpose here is to examine three concepts from Roman Catholic theory that structure the Church's participation in the human rights debate. These concepts are: (1) the foundation of human rights; (2) the range of human rights claims; and (3) the conception of the state in international relations today.

Human Rights and Foreign Policy

1982 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 574-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Donnelly
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
National Interest ◽  
Philosophical Analysis ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
New Work ◽  
Moral Force ◽  
Foreign Policies

Five recent books reveal the beginnings of important new work in conceptualizing the place of human rights concerns in national foreign policies. The moral force of claims of human rights requires that they be given serious consideration in foreign policy. Philosophical analysis also shows that categorical moral distinctions between personal (or civil and political) and economic and social rights must be abandoned. Any justifiable priority for one class of rights must rest on strategic or political, not conceptual or moral, grounds. Since human rights are only one of many foreign policy concerns, tradeoffs with other goals, interests, and values will be necessary. However, human rights and the national interest are often complementary. The “tradeoffs” actually made should be principled, instrumental decisions, rather than apparently ad hoc or cynical sacrifices of human rights.

scholarly journals Human Rights in Hong Kong – International Context

Politeja ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2(71)) ◽  
pp. 149-170
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Gruszko
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
International Relations ◽  
World Order ◽  
The West ◽  
International Context ◽  
The World ◽  
Litmus Test

Human rights in international relations are defined by the boundaries between individual states and regions, as well as the most important theories of international relations. The assumption of their universal character often finds no reflection in the foreign policy of states, especially the strongest ones. The most important players and theories do not question the existence of human rights as such, however, their role and place in international relations are interpreted differently. Human rights in Hong Kong, the meeting place of the West and Confucianism in the context of globalization, may become the litmus test of the intentions of the world powers and their vision of a World Order in regard to human rights.

scholarly journals Mass Media and International Relations

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-55
Author(s):  
Elias Papadopoulus
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
International Relations ◽  
National Interest ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Black Box ◽  
The State ◽  
Post Cold War ◽  
State Actor

In the modern theories in the science of International Relations, the traditional pillar of the school of Realism that considered the state as the only actor in the international scene, actor who took every decision in a monolithic and rational way, taking into consideration only the national interest, has now been rejected. The metaphor of the "black box", indicative of this monolithic way of operation and the rejection of every non-state, but also intra-state and out-of-state actor, even if it was valid once, has definitely been weakened by the events of the post-cold war era, and especially with the advent of globalization. New parameters have been inserted in the process of foreign policy formulation and politicians (and all those responsible for a country‘s foreign policy) have to take them into consideration.

scholarly journals Human Rights Constitutionalism in Indonesia’s Foreign Policy

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Herlambang P. Wiratraman
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Democratic Governance ◽  
Fundamental Part ◽  
Foreign Policies ◽  
Domestic Affairs ◽  
Key Questions

This article examines conceptual discourse of human rights constitutionalism as fundamental part of making policies in international relations. There are two key questions, first, to what extent human rights constitutionalism has been brought into discourse of its foreign policies, and second, how such human rights constitutionalism has been shaped by various actors, state and non state’s relations. The politics of 'image’ has been developed from regime to regime. However, such politics does not reflect substantially in progressing of human rights development. As part of democratic governance, and in the context of a more globalized society, Indonesia should rethink of its foreign policy foundations, especially in terms of transnational issues such as human rights, environment, and poverty. Therefore, central discussion in this regards is how to strengthen human rights constitutionalism is not merely internal and/or domestic affairs, but also this should build stronger and brave policies to develop and prioritize humanity values throughout international relations.

scholarly journals Cultural Diplomacy in Canadian Foreign Policy

2021 ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Tatiana Shchukina
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Cultural Diplomacy ◽  
National Interest ◽  
Roles And Responsibilities ◽  
Canadian Foreign Policy ◽  
Government Of Canada ◽  
Unique Potential ◽  
State Regional

In furthering its foreign policy, Canada, as other countries, uses its reputation, advantage and assets to enhance its national interest, and to strengthen its state-to-state, regional and international relations. Comprising a range of instruments, a country's culture and arts stand out as having the unique potential to enrich its foreign policy. Culture and arts have long played a role in Canada's international relations. Government of Canada should develop and implement a comprehensive cultural diplomacy strategy that establish its objectives within the context of Canada's foreign policy, articulate roles and responsibilities, and identify the budgetary resources necessary for the strategy's realization.

scholarly journals Ukraine in international relations 2014–2019

2021 ◽  
pp. 62-67
Author(s):  
B. Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
International Relations ◽  
National Security ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Entire Period ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Association Agreement ◽  
Political Dialogue ◽  
Global Problems

The article examines the international relations of Ukraine during 2014–2019, as one of the important processes and stages of development of countries in the XXI century, where against the background of globalization the level of international cooperation deserves special attention. In the context of the evolution of international relations, the influence on the formation of Ukraine's foreign policy in 2014–2019 is considered and its behavior in the international arena is analyzed. The influence of hybrid wars on the development of international processes and on the current political course of Ukraine, which identified the main trends in international relations in the XXI century, is analyzed. The modern foreign policy course of Ukraine and its choice of corresponding values and tendencies concerning the decision of own, European and global problems are described. The results of Ukraine's foreign policy for the period 2014–2019 were evaluated and it was established that the key guidelines of Ukraine in modern international relations are the implementation of an open and consistent foreign policy course. The positive consequences of the implementation of the Ukraine-EU Association Agreement have been studied. It is established that the progress of the implementation of the Association Agreement in 2020 is 54%. It is determined that the greatest progress during the entire period of implementation of the Association Agreement has been achieved in such areas as: political dialogue, national security and defense; justice, freedom, security and human rights, etc.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document