The state of implementation of socio-economic transformations in Ukraine in the context of European integration policy

The author has analyzed ranking indexes of the state in the period before and after active European integrational practices – in 2013 and in 2019. The indexes which, by their content, correspond to the principles which serve as a foundation for social and economical policy of the EU have been paid attention to. As a result, it has been concluded that the reputational progress of Ukraine is conditioned by European integration reforms, in particular, in the areas of entrepreneurship, economic rights and freedoms, information openness in relation to economics and public finances, creating conditions for citizens to manage their property and labor. The study highlights those aspects of the socio-economic plane that are sensitive to European integration processes: migration processes to increase labor, touristic and academic mobility. It has been stated the dual nature of the geographical reorientation of labor migration from Ukraine to the West in contrast to the Russian Federation, due to both the worsening of labor conditions and environmental safety in Russia and the simplification of employment procedures in the EU countries. It is emphasized that this layering of circumstances, in fact, made a choice on behalf of people and European integration in this case is a favorable condition, not a key reason. Four levels of European integration factor in the socio-economic development of Ukraine have been emphasized: adaptation of domestic legislation to the integration of principles and values of EU policy into Ukrainian practices; support and acceleration of systemic reforms, correlated with the European integration course by means of macro-financial assistance and loans; assistance in activation and reorientation of social mobility of Ukrainians to the European direction – within the framework of labor migration, academic mobility and touristic flows; improvement of Ukraine’s reputation indexes in world’s rankings.

Problems of thecurrent state of control of illegal extraction of precious stones of organogenic formation

Іn the article the decision of problem of counteraction to the illegal booty of jewels of оrganogenic formation is presented by his legalization and analysis rows of normative documents that set the special order of the use of bowels of the earth for this aim. It is indicated that among crimes that trench upon the natural resources of country, most latent, and to the volume, the least investigational is exactly this type of criminal offence. The concept of amber is given in a publication, and it is indicated in what the duties of users of bowels of the earth, and also the certain basic requirements during working mine of minerals and the basic requirements, consist in industry of guard of bowels of the earth Procedure is exposed and in detail taking title of sing the bowels of the earth is described for mining, in particular, she is begun with development in accordance with the current landed legislation of project organization of the use of land in relation to talk in of lot land for mining, realization of examination and estimation of the found out supplies of minerals all right established by the State Commission of Ukraine for Mineral Resources, obtaining a single subsoil use permit after coordination with the competent authorities, approval of the project for the development of a mineral deposit, obtaining land for subsoil use and ends at the time of state registration of property rights to the land. Socio-economic and legal factors of the problem of illegal amber mining are determined. The attempts of the legislator to regulate the issue of amber mining from its illegal fishing by developing numerous bills, issuing decrees and orders have been studied. Their shortcomings and positive directions are revealed. The socioeconomic and legal preconditions for illegal extraction of precious stones of organogenic formation are indicated.

Formation of sociological imagination in students of technical institutions in education in the process of teaching sociology

The article is devoted to the problem of formation of sociological imagination in the process of teaching sociology to students studying in technical educational institutions. The concept of “sociological imagination”, introduced into scientific circulation by the American sociologist Wright Mills, is being clarified. It turns out that the concept of sociological imagination has acquired the status of one of the main in modern sociology and began to play an important educational role, and in sociological science, respectively, methodological and methodological. Attention is paid to the peculiarities of teaching sociology in technical educational institutions, and in view of this, the problem of forming the sociological imagination of students. The fact is that sociology in technical educational institutions is not professional, so it is taught exclusively as a general discipline of worldview. The purpose of teaching sociology in such higher education institutions is to promote the formation of students’ sociological imagination, ie to help future specialists in engineering to develop the ability to think socially, ie to adequately perceive, comprehend and interpret social processes and phenomena, analyze and be ready to solve complex social problems. The solution of this problem involves the use of such methods of teaching sociology, which would be related to the specific practices of modern society, taking into account the universal and professional interests of future professionals. The own experience of teaching sociology at the National Transport University is analyzed. There are examples of using different methods of teaching sociology, aimed at forming a sociological imagination that allow students to perceive the social world around them and relate their professional problems with general social problems, educate and shape their civic position and increase their general cultural level.

Cyber security as an innovative protection in the political space of Ukraine

The article focuses on the values of the role of cybersecurity in the modern information society. To develop an effective system of interaction in the information space, there is a need to form boundaries of protection for users. The system of protection that exists in society is aimed at resolving the contradictions that arise at the level of actual confrontation and significant influence on political processes with clearly defined subjects of political activity. For the modern world, the subjects of global governance pay serious attention to the level of security of the management system in individual countries and regions, which indicates the effectiveness or imbalance in the management system. Also, the role of such an entity at the supranational level of the management system. Therefore, the chosen topic is quite relevant for the global process of interaction and taking into account the views of individual regions. In addition, effective protection of cyberspace will help reduce the level of manipulation by political actors, which will help increase the level of political culture among politicians and the level of political awareness among ordinary citizens. The article analyzes modern scientific approaches to understanding the concept of cybersecurity and cybersecurity, provides a generalized description of these concepts, identifies modern forms of security in cyberspace, analyzes the state of cybersecurity in the Ukrainian information space and defines its status as a subject of global interaction in the information space. In the political process, an integral element of interaction is the information space, as the modern platform for public relations between policy actors has been reformatted in the latest ways, and therefore the mechanisms of influencing citizens become innovative and demonstrate uncertain response from society and possible ways of political development. events. As a result, a number of mechanisms need to be put in place to protect all cyberspace users who engage in public communication on important policy issues.

Ukraine in international relations 2014–2019

The article examines the international relations of Ukraine during 2014–2019, as one of the important processes and stages of development of countries in the XXI century, where against the background of globalization the level of international cooperation deserves special attention. In the context of the evolution of international relations, the influence on the formation of Ukraine's foreign policy in 2014–2019 is considered and its behavior in the international arena is analyzed. The influence of hybrid wars on the development of international processes and on the current political course of Ukraine, which identified the main trends in international relations in the XXI century, is analyzed. The modern foreign policy course of Ukraine and its choice of corresponding values and tendencies concerning the decision of own, European and global problems are described. The results of Ukraine's foreign policy for the period 2014–2019 were evaluated and it was established that the key guidelines of Ukraine in modern international relations are the implementation of an open and consistent foreign policy course. The positive consequences of the implementation of the Ukraine-EU Association Agreement have been studied. It is established that the progress of the implementation of the Association Agreement in 2020 is 54%. It is determined that the greatest progress during the entire period of implementation of the Association Agreement has been achieved in such areas as: political dialogue, national security and defense; justice, freedom, security and human rights, etc.

Communicative technologies in the formation of political mediariality during conflicts

In the modern political world, information and technological principles are important, which form the media space – factors of manipulation, fake news, support for political actors. The media, in the XXI century, not only manipulate society and create confrontational moments, but also in their activities mix politics, commercial advertising, criminal aspects. The modern product of media culture is media reality, which forms new boundaries of the socio-cultural space of each state. Media reality is one of the elements of communication technologies that influence society, but also individual state institutions. Focusing on important political problems and issues in the modern world is reduced to public (mass) attention, coverage of incorrect (fake) information about the opponent – and so is the process of manipulation of citizens and the creation of conflicts in society. All this is accompanied by an imbalance of communication interaction and information noise, which leads to distortion of the information space of the state, new hybrid wars, information disputes, fake news. In Ukraine, there are difficulties in maintaining the media space in the international arena, because we have a number of open and latent conflicts. Accordingly, the media space – connections and interaction, as well as gaps and opposition between agents in the political arena. Ukraine should understand that it is necessary to develop and integrate into new communication technologies. This will give an opportunity not only to orient oneself politically and to understand the advantages and disadvantages of one or another political force, but also to form one’s own integral and effective state interest and values. The rapid process of information and communication technologies in all spheres of society has caused global transformations, opened new opportunities for the information space. A popular model of integrated political technologies in Europe is social management in a real communication network. For example, Estonia has a progressive model of e-government in Europe, which means that communication technologies and a minimized level of conflict factors function accordingly in the country.

Comparative characteristic between European and Ukrainian legal mechanisms for regulating the discharges of pollutants

The article examines and compares the structures and basic norms of legal mechanisms for controlling the discharge (CD) of polluting substances (PS) from point technogenical sources into surface waters of EU and Ukrainian legislation. To analyze the systemic construction of the European CDPS and a meaningful study of its main elements, a tool has been identified, which is the chain of spreading of restrictive (limiting) legal influence, its legislative links and regulative norms. The structure and composition of this chain of European CDPS are identified, PS flows and information links between restrictive standards are studied. It is noted that the main branches of the structure of the European CDPS are technological and environmental legal influences. The second branch is additional. It complements the first one for some priority substances and it uses to limit the discharge of PS properties of the area of the water body which adjacent to the discharge of PS, the so-called mixing zones (MZ). The place and significance of the CDPS subinstitution in the European water legislation are investigated. The peculiarities of the European regulatory standards of the CDPS are determined. The comparison of the European and Ukrainian CDPSs using the scale of features that characterize the links in the chain of limiting legal influence is fulfilled. The concordance of the features of the Ukrainian CDPS to the European one was assessed by the categories: “fully compliant”, “partially compliant”, “does not contradict”, “does not comply”, “not regulated by EU legislation”. The distribution of concordance assessments testifies to the fundamental difference between the European CDPS and the Ukrainian one. The most important differences of legal discordance are investigated. It is concluded that the main difference between the two CDPS subinstitutions is that Ukrainian regulation is based only on the economic use of the assimilative capacity of the MZ. It is emphasized that the concept of MZ for more than 60 years of its actual use has not received proper legal justification in Ukrainian law. In contrast to the Ukrainian regulation, the main influence of the European CDPS is aimed at directly limiting the sources of PS. The priority changes in the water legislation of Ukraine for the implementation of the requirements of the EU legislation on CDPS, have been proposed.

Media image of the Armed Forces of Ukraine as a component of the popularization of the military service among young people

The article is devoted to the problem of covering news about the Armed Forces of Ukraine in the Ukrainian mass media, which shape the image and prestige of this profession at the national level. Different approaches to defining the concept of “image” and the specifics of building a media image are considered. It is established that the image of the Armed Forces of Ukraine has an impact not only on the civilian population, but also performs an educational and motivating function on servicemen. The main attention to the conceptualization of the concept of “image” is focused on the sociological approach, in particular, a significant role is given to symbolic interactionism. Image, in particular media image as a phenomenon that involves the two-way interaction of the exchange of certain symbolic signs, is studied. This approach helps to determine the role and influence of the media in the process of transmitting information to the audience. The specifics and position of military service in Ukraine are considered, its popularization as one of the elements of military-patriotic education is analyzed. An analysis of the issue of youth readiness to defend Ukraine is presented and what factors may reduce the attractiveness of military service. It was found that information in the media, which forms the image of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, can influence the involvement of young people in the military sphere. Based on the content analysis of the new media segment (Telegram messenger), the main areas in the field of view of journalists that related to the activities of the Armed Forces have been identified. The positive and negative characteristics of the media image of the armed forces have been studied. A number of narratives that can have a positive impact on the promotion of military service among young people have been identified through the use of qualitative paradigm techniques (interviews and focus group discussions).

Norm of criminal law under the draft Criminal code of Ukraine

The article considers the rule of law, the rule of criminal law. When studying the norm of criminal law, I rely on the fact that it is a mandatory rule of conduct for failure to commit a criminal offense under the criminal law of the Special Part of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, organically related orders, compliance with which is ensured by coercive potential criminal law influence. The norm of criminal law consists of: 1) conditions for the implementation of criminal law (hypothesis); 2) criminal law normative – obligatory legal requirement for non-commission of an act provided by the instruction of the Special Part of the Criminal Code (disposition); 3) sanction for non-compliance with these legal requirements. Mandatory requirements (rules) contained in the articles of the General and Special Parts of the Criminal Code and organically supplement (clarify) the content of the relevant structural part of the criminal law or contain procedural issues for its application and implementation. The article analyzes the hypothetical, dispositional and sanctioning dictates of the draft Criminal Code of Ukraine. It is concluded that the draft Criminal Code of Ukraine does not significantly change the approaches to understanding the rules of criminal law as a system of established (sanctioned) by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine and legally secured universally binding criminal law norms and organically related commands. project composition, their rights and responsibilities, tasks of the Criminal Code, legal facts, etc.), compliance with which is ensured by the coercive potential of the means of criminal law influence. The considered norm in a broad sense provides for a three-tier structure and is fixed in the criminal law. At the same time, the structural elements of the norm of criminal law in the «broad» sense are placed in the articles of both the General and Special parts of the draft Criminal Code of Ukraine. Further research should focus on understanding the concept and structure of criminal law, as it will help both the legislator and the court. Proper interpretation of the concept and structure of criminal law encourages parliamentarians to more fully and accurately reproduce in the text of the Criminal Code of Ukraine all the necessary elements of criminal law in view of the purpose of its development and adoption, and the judge, investigating judge (court) – to find, compare and understand these elements, to establish their interrelations and the legal will of the legislator fixed in this norm, and also to provide its reliable realization according to a letter of the law. This knowledge allows members of society to navigate the system of criminal law obligations for their implementation.

Questions of legal assessment of the entry and situation of Ukrainian lands within the Grand Duchy of Lithuania

The article considers the problem of formation and development of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the legal assessment of the situation of the Ukrainian lands conquered by Lithuanians. In the context of this problem, the authors analyze in detail the main stages of the Lithuanian state during the reign of Mindaugas, the creation of a centralized system of power and the establishment of the ruling Gediminas dynasty, active expansionist foreign policy during the reign of Prince Olgerd. It is clear that the authors are particularly interested in the process of conquest of Ukrainian lands by Lithuanians through the so-called “quiet expansion” and its main consequences that occurred in the socio-political life of the Ukrainian and Lithuanian peoples. In this context, the authors thoroughly analyze the process of assimilation of Lithuanians by Ukrainians, who were in the state-building and cultural relations much higher than their conquerors. Lithuanians borrow from the Ukrainians the Orthodox faith, the Old Russian language, “Russian Truth”, becomes the main source of law before the adoption of the Lithuanian Statutes. As a result of assimilation processes, Lithuanians who lived on Ukrainian lands forgot who they were – Lithuanians or Ukrainians. Along with the positive phenomena, the article analyzes the negative innovations introduced in Ukraine at this time: the removal from power in Kiev of the princes of the Rurik dynasty and the arrival of representatives of the Lithuanian Gedeminovich dynasty and the creation, unlike Kievan Rus, a strong centralized Lithuanian state. The article analyzes the process of changing the legal status of the Ukrainian lands-principalities, which became part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, at the initial stage of its formation and development (broad autonomy with elements of federalism) and during the period of enhanced centralization of grand ducal power and their transformation into governorates of the Lithuanian state in the second half of the XV century. According to the authors of the article, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, despite its different names (Lithuanian-Russian, Russian-Lithuanian states, etc.), was not a Ukrainian state.