scholarly journals Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Clinical Application in Chronic Lung Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Isti Mardiana Soetartio ◽  
Triya Damayanti
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Chronic Lung Diseases ◽  
Practice Approach ◽  
Drug Manufacturing ◽  
Respiratory Area

Mesenchymal stem cells are a multipotent mature non hematopoietic stem cells, with characteristics such as ability to self-renew and differentiate in mesodermal, ectodermal, and endodermal pathway. Mesenchymal stem cells also secrete cytokine and immunoreceptor which regulate micro environment in host tissues and angiogenic mediators which are able to improve damaged tissues. Mesenchymal stem cells are obtained from the human body by isolation, culture, proliferation, characterization, and/or differentiation originating from fat cells (adipose), periosteum tissue, and other tissues from the body. Mesenchymal stem cells can be obtained by autologous and allogenic way. Stem cell processing includes isolation, proliferation, differentiation, and temporary storage for clinical application adhering to good drug manufacturing practice. Approach to cell therapy and bioengineering in lung disease is rapidly developing in the last 10 years. In the current era of cell therapy and transplantation, a lot of research has been done to understand and develop mesenchymal stem cells as a therapeutic alternative, particularly in respiratory area.

scholarly journals Umbilical cord stem cells: biological characteristics, approaches to banking and clinical application

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Nasadyuk
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant ◽  
Cell Transplant ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Umbilical Cord Stem Cells

Due to the prominent immunosuppressive and regenerative properties, umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells are the most widely explored in the treatment of autoimmune diseases and posttransplant complications as well as for the facilitation of engraftment of hematopoietic stem cell transplant and cell culturing in vitro. The review presents modern immunophenotypic characterization of the umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells, approaches to isolation, biobanking, and clinical application.

scholarly journals Human stem cells – sources, sourcing and in vitro methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-85
Author(s):  
Alicja Szubarga ◽  
Marta Kamińska ◽  
Wiktoria Kotlarz ◽  
Stefan Malewski ◽  
Wiktoria Zawada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
The Body ◽  
Type I ◽  
Human Stem Cells ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem

Abstract Stem cells are an important subject of research, and are increasingly used in the treatment of various diseases. Due to the development of advanced in vitro techniques, they have become an integral part of modern medicine. The sources of human stem cells are primarily bone marrow and adipose tissue, although non – embryonic stem cells are also scattered throughout the body. Notably, recent research has focused on stem cells found in the oral cavity, both in the dental pulp and oral mucosa. Furthermore, isolation of stem cells from umbilical cord blood is also becoming increasingly popular, while wharton’s jelly and amniotic fluid also seem to be an interesting source of stem cells. The safety and efficacy of stem cells use can be established by animal studies, which are a key element of preclinical research. Mouse, rat and pig models allow for testing of stem cell therapies. Recent studies primarily use mesenchymal stem cells such as mouse – adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells and mouse and rat hematopoietic stem cells. Great hope for future therapies is the use of bioengineering to program cells into induced stem cells, which have the biggest ability for differentiation and transdifferentiation, which carries no risk of teratogenesis. Stem cells are used in many areas of medicine, especially in regenerative medicine, with a growing interest in orthopedics and in the treatment of heart failure. Mesenchymal stem cells are the most used stem cell type, which despite their limited ability to differentiate, give great therapeutic results, mainly due to their immunomodulating effect. Recent studies have even shown that the use of mesenchymal stem cells may be useful in the treatment of COVID-19. Moreover, Research on the use of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of Crohn’s disease, acute-graft-versus-host disease and type I diabetes are also promising. The aim of the current review is to present and systematize current knowledge about stem cells, their use and related in vitro research. Running title: Research and use of human stem cells

scholarly journals Heterogeneity of mesenchymal stem cells: characterization and application in cell therapy

STEMedicine ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. e109
Author(s):  
Xingzhi Liu ◽  
Zhihua Zhao ◽  
Zhe Zhao ◽  
Zhongjuan Xu ◽  
Junjun Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Surface Markers ◽  
Multilineage Differentiation ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Approaches To Study ◽  
Major Factors

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown great potentials in regenerative medicine for their low immunogenicity, multilineage differentiation potential, and extensive sources. However, the heterogeneity of MSCs limits their clinical application and industrial prospects. In this review, we introduced the heterogeneity of MSCs in terms of their applications, sources, functions, and surface markers; discussed the major factors leading to the heterogeneity in MSCs; summarized the main approaches to study the MSC heterogeneity, and addressed the clinical challenges resulting from heterogeneity. Finally, we proposed the strategies that might be used to purify the MSCs and to eliminate the heterogeneity of MSCs for their standardized production and reliable clinical application.

scholarly journals The Immunomodulatory Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Prevention or Treatment of Excessive Scars

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bommie Florence Seo ◽  
Sung-No Jung
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Joint Mobility ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effects ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Keloid Formation ◽  
Prevention Methods

Excessive scars, including keloids and hypertrophic scars, result from aberrations in the process of physiologic wound healing. An exaggerated inflammatory process is one of the main pathophysiological contributors. Scars may cause pain, and pruritis, limit joint mobility, and cause a range of cosmetic deformities that affect the patient’s quality of life. Extensive research has been done on hypertrophic scar and keloid formation that has resulted in the plethora of treatment and prevention methods practiced today. Mesenchymal stem cells, among their multifunctional roles, are known regulators of inflammation and have been receiving attention as a major candidate for cell therapy to treat or prevent excessive scars. This paper extensively reviews the body of research examining the mechanism and potential of stem cell therapy in the treatment of excessive scars.

scholarly journals Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Hua Chao ◽  
Han-Ping Wu ◽  
Chin-Kan Chan ◽  
Chris Tsai ◽  
Ching-Tien Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is becoming an effective therapeutic modality for a variety of diseases. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be used to enhance hematopoietic engraftment, accelerate lymphocyte recovery, reduce the risk of graft failure, prevent and treat graft-versus-host disease, and repair tissue damage in patients receiving HSCT. Till now, most MSCs for human clinical application have been derived from bone marrow. However, acquiring bone-marrow-derived MSCs involves an invasive procedure. Umbilical cord is rich with MSCs. Compared to bone-marrow-derived MSCs, umbilical cord-derived MSCs (UCMSCs) are easier to obtain without harm to the donor and can proliferate faster. No severe adverse effects were noted in our previous clinical application of UCMSCs in HSCT. Accordingly, application of UCMSCs in humans appears to be feasible and safe. Further studies are warranted.

Placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells for allogenic cardiac cell therapy

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Roy ◽  
M Kukucka ◽  
D Messroghli ◽  
A Brodarac ◽  
M Becher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Cardiac Cell ◽  
Cardiac Cell Therapy

Autologous transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells into the portal vein of the miniature pig; a preliminary experiment for NOTES approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (9) ◽  
pp. 350-355
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Portal Vein ◽  
Liver Parenchyma ◽  
Miniature Pig ◽  
Hepatic Diseases ◽  
Study Results

Introduction: There is evidence that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could trans-differentiate into the liver cells in vitro and in vivo and thus may be used as an unfailing source for stem cell therapy of liver disease. Combination of MSCs (with or without their differentiation in vitro) and minimally invasive procedures as laparoscopy or Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery (NOTES) represents a chance for many patients waiting for liver transplantation in vain. Methods: Over 30 millions of autologous MSCs at passage 3 were transplanted via the portal vein in an eight months old miniature pig. The deposition of transplanted cells in liver parenchyma was evaluated histologically and the trans-differential potential of CM-DiI labeled cells was assessed by expression of pig albumin using immunofluorescence. Results: Three weeks after transplantation we detected the labeled cells (solitary, small clusters) in all 10 samples (2 samples from each lobe) but no diffuse distribution in the samples. The localization of CM-DiI+ cells was predominantly observed around the portal triads. We also detected the localization of albumin signal in CM-DiI labeled cells. Conclusion: The study results showed that the autologous MSCs (without additional hepatic differentiation in vitro) transplantation through the portal vein led to successful infiltration of intact miniature pig liver parenchyma with detectable in vivo trans-differentiation. NOTES as well as other newly developed surgical approaches in combination with cell therapy seem to be very promising for the treatment of hepatic diseases in near future.

scholarly journals Extracellular Vesicles of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Therapeutic Properties Discovered with Extraordinary SuccessOK

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 667
Author(s):  
Gabriella Racchetti ◽  
Jacopo Meldolesi
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Immune Regulation ◽  
Great Increase ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cell Aging ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Properties

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), the cells distributed in the stromas of the body, are known for various properties including replication, the potential of various differentiations, the immune-related processes including inflammation. About two decades ago, these cells were shown to play relevant roles in the therapy of numerous diseases, dependent on their immune regulation and their release of cytokines and growth factors, with ensuing activation of favorable enzymes and processes. Such discovery induced great increase of their investigation. Soon thereafter, however, it became clear that therapeutic actions of MSCs are risky, accompanied by serious drawbacks and defects. MSC therapy has been therefore reduced to a few diseases, replaced for the others by their extracellular vesicles, the MSC-EVs. The latter vesicles recapitulate most therapeutic actions of MSCs, with equal or even better efficacies and without the serious drawbacks of the parent cells. In addition, MSC-EVs are characterized by many advantages, among which are their heterogeneities dependent on the stromas of origin, the alleviation of cell aging, the regulation of immune responses and inflammation. Here we illustrate the MSC-EV therapeutic effects, largely mediated by specific miRNAs, covering various diseases and pathological processes occurring in the bones, heart and vessels, kidney, and brain. MSC-EVs operate also on the development of cancers and on COVID-19, where they alleviate the organ lesions induced by the virus. Therapy by MSC-EVs can be improved by combination of their innate potential to engineering processes inducing precise targeting and transfer of drugs. The unique properties of MSC-EVs explain their intense studies, carried out with extraordinary success. Although not yet developed to clinical practice, the perspectives for proximal future are encouraging.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document