scholarly journals The Influence of Elastic Taping on Dynamic Muscular Control (Dynamic Control Ratio) Evertor-Invertor Ankle in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Male with Complications of Peripheral Neuropathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Yuli Indah Kurnia ◽  
Imam Subadi ◽  
I Putu Alit Pawana ◽  
Sony Wibisono

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) with Peripheral Neuropathy often have impared control of muscle strength that increases the risk of fall. Elastic taping (ET) is a special elastic band that can stretch up to 140% and could facilitate muscle contraction.Aim: To prove the influence of ET on the dynamic muscular control balance between evertor and invertor muscles of the ankle in type 2 DM male with peripheral neuropathy.Material and methods: This study used a pre-post one grup study, with10 type 2 DM male with peripheral neuropathy. All subjects were examined for ankle evertor-invertor dynamic control ratio (DCR) with isokinetic dynamometer at 600/sec and 1200/sec before elastic taping (ET), 30 minutes after ET, at the third day of ET aplication and 3 days after ET was released. Elastic taping was applied with functional tehniques on the both ankles.Result: There were no significant differences between with and without the application of KT in the ankle evertor-invertor DCR in both side. The p value were same in both sides, at 600/sec after 30 minute ET (p=0.72), at the third day of ET aplication (p=0,24), 3 days after released ET (p= 0,88) and at 1200/sec after 30 minute ET (p=0,17).Conclusion: Elastic taping did not improve the ankle evertor-invertor DCR in type 2 DM male patients with peripheral neuropathy.

Author(s):  
Arfandhy Sanda ◽  
Uleng Bahrun ◽  
Ruland DN. Pakasi ◽  
Andi Makbul Aman

Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disease which is still a public health problem till now. World Health Organization (WHO) and International Diabetes Federation (IDF) predict an increase in the number of diabetics which become one of the global threats. Some evidences showed that vitamin D deficiency might influenced in pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus that caused by insulin resistence and dysfunction of pancreatic beta cell. The objectives of this study is To analyze Vitamin D levels in Type 2 Diabetes Patients that consist of prediabetic group, controlled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Group, and uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The method used is a cross sectional study. During the study period, a total of 93 samples were obtained which met the study criteria. The sample consist of 33 prediabetic subjects, 30 controlled Type 2 DM subejcts, and 30 uncontrolled Type 2 DM. The study sample consist of 49(52,7%) men and 44(47,3%) women with minimum age 20 years and maximum 79 years (mean 56,59+12,15 years). The minimum HbA1c level was 4,8% and the maximum level was 12,9% (mean 6,95+1,81%). The minimum Vitamin D level was 9,07 ng/ml dan  the maximum level was 66,49 ng/ml (mean 26,85+9,30 ng/ml). Kruskal Wallis test showed p value=0,132, Spearman correlation test showed p value>0,05. The clonclusion from this study, there is no significant correlation between vitamin D level and type 2 Diabetes Melllitus consist of Prediabetic group, controlled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, and uncontrolled type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e000991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Mayeda ◽  
Ronit Katz ◽  
Iram Ahmad ◽  
Nisha Bansal ◽  
Zona Batacchi ◽  
...  

​ObjectiveCompared with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) may better capture risk of diabetes complications in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), including diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). We hypothesized that glucose time in range (TIR), measured by CGM, is associated with DPN symptoms among participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM) and moderate-to-severe CKD.​Research design and methodsWe enrolled 105 people with type 2 DM treated with insulin or sulfonylurea, 81 participants with CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m2) and 24 matched control participants with eGFR ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Each participant wore a CGM for two 6-day periods. Calculated glycemic measures included TIR (glucose 70–180 mg/dL) and glucose management indicator (GMI). DPN symptoms were assessed using the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI) questionnaire, with a positive MNSI score defined as ≥2 symptoms.​ResultsParticipants with CKD had a mean age of 68 years, diabetes duration 20 years, eGFR 38 mL/min/1.73 m2 and HbA1c 7.8%, 61 mmol/mol. Sixty-two participants reported ≥2 DPN symptoms, 51 (63%) with CKD and 11 (46%) controls. Less TIR and higher GMI were associated with higher risk of MNSI questionnaire score ≥2 (OR 1.25 (95% CI 1.02 to 1.52) per 10% lower TIR, and OR 1.79 (95% CI 1.05 to 3.04) per 1% higher GMI, adjusting for age, gender and race). Similar results were observed when analyses were restricted to participants with CKD. In contrast, there was no significant association of HbA1c with DPN symptoms.​ConclusionsSymptoms of DPN were common among participants with long-standing type 2 DM and CKD. Lower TIR and higher GMI were associated with DPN symptoms.


2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Aria Wahyuni ◽  
Imelda Rahmayunia Kartika ◽  
Amira Pratiwi

<em>Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from a lack of insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of autogenic relaxation on the reduction of blood sugar levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. The research design used was Quasi Experimental with the Pretest-Posttest approach method. This research was conducted in one of the work areas of the health center in the city of Bukittinggi in June-July 2108. The population of this study was all patients with type 2 DM totaling 150 people while the samples taken were 15 people with a purposive sampling technique. The analysis used is univariate and bivariate analysis using the dependent t-test. The results of this study found that the average blood sugar level before the autogenic relaxation intervention was 214.4 gr/dl, the average blood sugar level after autogenic relaxation was 205 g</em><em>r</em><em>/dl with a p value = 0,000 meaning that there was an effect of autogenic relaxation on decreasing levels blood sugar in type 2 DM patients. The recommendation of this study is to continue this study with a large sample and with long and periodic interventions.</em><em></em><p><em><br /> Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Blood Sugar Level, Autogenic Relaxation</em><em> </em><em></em></p><p><em><br /></em></p>


2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 666
Author(s):  
Balshine S. Kanwar ◽  
Abhishek Gupta ◽  
Sunil K. Virmani

Background: Microalbuminuria and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) have both been shown independently to be associated with increased cardiovascular (CVS) mortality in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. This cross-sectional study was conducted to examine whether microalbuminuria is associated with LVH in non-hypertensive type 2 DM patients with early or no diabetic nephropathy.Methods: 100 patients of type 2 DM were studied. Patients with Hypertension (BP >140/90 mm hg or on anti-hypertensive medication), history of coronary artery disease or valvular heart disease, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2, known thyroid disease or active urinary tract infection (UTI) were excluded from the study. All patients were subjected to spot urine test for microalbuminuria by urinary albumin creatinine ratio (UACR), 12 lead ECG to detect LVH, 2D echocardiography to calculate LV mass index (LVMI), anthropometry, urine routine examination, kidney function test, fasting lipid profile and HbA1c.Results: Of the 100 enrolled patients, 39 were found to have normoalbuminuria, 39 had microalbuminuria & 22 patients had macroalbuminuria. The correlation between increased albuminuria and LVMI was found to be statistically significant (P value < 0.001) and the LV mass significantly increased as albuminuria increased along the continuum of normoalbuminuria to macroalbuminuria. UACR showed a statistically significant correlation with age, eGFR, duration of diabetes (P value < 0.01) and HbA1c (P value < 0.05).Conclusions: Microalbuminuria is associated with LVH in non-hypertensive type 2 DM patients and thus may serve as an early marker of LVH and help identify patients at high CVS risk.


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Pipin Nurhayati

Physical, psychological, and social changes are the changes that occur due to the various complications that accompany the disease DM type 2. Psychological changes that occur, such as stress, and depression. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors related to anxiety and depression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This type of research was descriptive with cross sectional design. Sampling technique used total sampling with 60 people. The instrument used DASS 42 and BDI questioner. Data were analyzed by chi square. Chi square test results obtained factors related to anxiety in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are age (p value = 0,000), long suffering from type 2 DM (p value = 0,000), education (p value = 0,040), comorbidities (p value = 0,000) and family support (p value = 0,000). While factors which were not related to anxiety in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were impaired functional ability (p value = 0,517). Factors that related to depression in patients with type 2 DM were age (p value=0.007), education (p value = 0,001), comorbidities (p value = 0,000) and family support (p value = 0,040). While factors unrelated to anxiety of patients with type 2 DM are long period of type 2 DM (p value = 0,797) and functional ability disorder (p value = 0,435). Conclusion of the factors related to anxiety of patient with type 2 DM are age, long period of type 2 DM, education, comorbidities and family support, while factors that unrelated to anxiety of patients with type 2 DM are functional ability disorder, factors that related to depression of patients with type 2 DM are age, education, comorbidities, and family support, while factors that unrelated to depression of patients with type 2 DM are long period of type 2 DM and functional ability disorder.


Author(s):  
Ezeani IU ◽  
Ogbonna SU

Background: Studies from different parts of the world on thyroid dysfunction have shown it to be widespread in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); however, there is insufficient local data to support this observation. Aim: To determine the burden of thyroid dysfunction among patients with T2DM at a Tertiary Hospital in South east Nigeria with emphasis on its prevalence and pattern of presentation. Methods: Four hundred and seventy two subjects were recruited for the study. All the subjects (100%) were of African descent. Three hundred and fifty-four (354) of them were patients with T2DM, while 118 subjects who did not have T2DM served as the controls. This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study involving patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending the Diabetes Clinic, or receiving treatment in the Medical Wards. Subjects were recruited using systematic sampling. The first patient was selected by simple random sampling, and subsequently, every consecutive subject was selected. Blood samples were tested for HbA1c, fT3, fT4 and thyrotropin, thyroid stimulating hormone. Socio-demographic information was retrieved from patient medical records. We used the student t-test for statistical comparison of quantitative variables such as weight, height, blood pressure, serum TSH, serum T3; while for comparison of proportions, we used the chi squared test. We set a p-value of less than 0.05 to be statistically significant. Results: Females formed the majority of the study population accounting for 56.5% of the type 2 DM patients and 62.7% of the controls. We observed that the mean age of the type 2 DM patients was 57.5 (±9.3) years, which was similar to the mean age of controls: 57.7±8.9 (p=0.17). We also observed that the mean age at diagnosis of DM was 54±7.6 years, while the mean duration of DM for all the type 2 DM patients was 6.5±2.8 years. We observed that in patients with T2DM, the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction was 12.4%, and among the controls a prevalence of 1.7% was observed (P <0.05). Females formed the majority (75%) of T2DM patients with thyroid dysfunction and hypothyroidism was the most common type of thyroid dysfunction (93.2%) observed in this study. Conclusion: Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in T2DM patients in this study was 12.4% which was high compared to 1.7% observed in the controls (P = 0.001). Majority of those who had thyroid dysfunction were females. About 9 in 10 of all subjects with thyroid dysfunction had hypothyroidism.


2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-100
Author(s):  
Galvani Volta Simanjuntak ◽  
Marthalena Simamora

Sensory neuropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus and its correlation with duration of diseaseBackground: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is a complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that results in harm to the nervous system. It is a progressive disease, and symptoms get worse over time.Purpose: To exploration the sensory neuropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus and its correlation with duration of disease.Method: An observational analytic with cross sectional design with population was patients with T2DM without diabetic ulcers in diabetic clinic Sari Mutiara Hospital. The number of samples  was 86 respondents by  a simple random sampling. Measuring the risk of diabetic peripheral neuropathy used 10 gram monofilament.Results: Showed the majority of the duration of T2DM >5 years (53,5%) and the majority of respondents had neuropathy (54,7%). The results of the Spearman rank correlation test showed that there was a significant correlation between duration of T2DM and risk of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (p-value = 0,023 and r= -0,438). Conclusion: The majority respondents has a diabetic peripheral neuropathy and also has a risk of diabetic peripheral neuropathy who are suffering >5 years. It is recommended that they need a regularly asses and educate to prevent further complication.Keywords: Sensory neuropathy; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Duration of diseasePendahuluan: Neuropati perifer diabetes adalah komplikasi diabetes yang mengakibatkan kerusakan sistem saraf. Ini adalah penyakit progresif, dan gejalanya bertambah buruk seiring waktu.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan lama menderita dengan risiko neuropati pada pasien DM tipe 2.Metode: Desain analitik korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional dan populasinya seluruh pasien DM tipe 2 yang tidak memiliki ulkus diabetik di klinik diabetes RSU Sari Mutiara. Sampelnya sebanyak 86 yang diambil dengan teknik simple random sampling. Risiko neuropati perifer diabetik diukur menggunakan monofilament 10 gram.Hasil: Analisis data menunjukkan mayoritas pasien menderita DM tipe 2  yang  >5 tahun (53,5%) dan mayoritas pasien telah mengalami neuropati (54,7%). Hasil uji statistik menggunakan korelasi spearman menunjukan adanya hubungan lama menderita DM tipe 2 dengan risiko neuropati (p-value = 0,023<0,05 dan  nilai r = -0,438).Simpulan: Mayoritas responden yang mengalami Neuropati perifer diabetes maupun resiko terjadinya Neuropati perifer diabetes pada mereka kelompok yang menderita DM tipe 2  yang  >5 tahun. Sangat dianjurkan pada pasien tersebut untuk dilakukan pengkajian secara teratur  dan pendidikan untuk mencegah komplikasi lebih lanjut. 


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-43
Author(s):  
Syamsiah ◽  
Andi Baso Tombong ◽  
Andi Nurlaela Amin

Neuropathy has been associated with various risk factors, including increasing age, male gender, poor sugar consumption, lipid value index and blood pressure, duration, and severity among patients with Diabetes Mellitus. In Bulukumba Regency, a report by the Bulukumba District Health Office reveals that there were 5410 visits of Diabetes Mellitus patients. This study aimed to identify the relationship between the long-standing Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus with neuropathy incidence among DM patients at H. Andi Sulthan Daeng Radja Hospital in Bulukumba Regency. This study that was conducted in July - August 2020, used a cross-sectional design. The study involved 38 patients selected by employing the purposive sampling technique. In terms of duration since diagnosed Type-2 DM, there were 30 patients (78.9%) included in the short-period category (1-5 years), and eight people (21.1%) included in the long-period category. The proportion of respondents that experienced an incidence of neuropathy are as follow 5.3% (two patients) with mild neuropathy, 60.5% (23 patients) with moderate neuropathy, and 34.2% (13 patients) with severe neuropathy. Bivariate analysis using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test results in p-value = 0.006 (<α = 0.05). The research concludes that there is a significant relationship between the length of the suffering of Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus and the incidence of neuropathy. It is recommended that Type-2 DM patients should be educated about the risk of developing neuropathy and its associated health consequences. Policies regarding the use and/ or development of neuropathy assessment within healthcare facilities are also encouraged to help healthcare professionals educate such patients to prevent the negative impact of diabetic neuropathy among DM patients in the future.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (20) ◽  
pp. 1570-1574
Author(s):  
Ajay Dnyaneshwar Athawale ◽  
Jayant L. Pednekar ◽  
Sangeeta J. Pednekar

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and thyroid dysfunction have long term sequalae on cardiovascular health. The present study was conducted to assess the spectrum of abnormalities in patients of type 2 DM with thyroid disorders. METHODS This case-control study included 52 patients of type 2 DM with thyroid dysfunction (cases) and 52 patients of type 2 DM without thyroid dysfunction (controls). Laboratory investigations like thyroid profile, lipid profile and glycosylated haemoglobin were measured for all the patients. RESULTS Subclinical hypothyroidism was the most common thyroid abnormality. Mean body mass index (BMI) was found to be similar in the two patient groups. We observed a higher mean HbA1c levels in patients with thyroid dysfunction as compared to those without thyroid dysfunction (8.75% vs 7.16%, P value < 0.01). Among the lipid profile parameters, mean triglyceride levels and total cholesterol levels were also found to be significantly higher in patients with thyroid dysfunction as compared to those without thyroid dysfunction. Urine Protein Creatinine Ratio (UPCR) was also found to be significantly higher among patients with thyroid dysfunction. Furthermore, we observed mean BMI, HbA1c, mean total cholesterol and UPCR to be significantly higher among cases with hypothyroidism as compared to those with hyperthyroidism. Mean triglyceride levels were similar in the two patient groups. CONCLUSIONS We recommend that all type 2 DM patients should have a baseline evaluation of thyroid function. KEYWORDS Diabetes Mellitus, Dyslipidaemia, Hypothyroidism


2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Rima Ulfa Fahra ◽  
Nur Widayati ◽  
Jon Hafan Sutawardana

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that requires continuous self-care. Education by nurses can support self-care behavior of patients with type 2 DM. Good knowledge affects self-care of type 2 diabetes patients so that metabolic control can be achieved. This study aimed to identify the correlation between the role of nurse as educator and self-care behaviour in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This research applied a descriptive analytic design with cross sectional approach. A total of 63 respondents were enrolled in this study by using consecutive sampling technique. Data collection was conducted by administering questionnaires of nurse role as educator and Summary of Diabetes Self Care Activities (SDSCA). Data were analyzed by using Spearman correlation test with significance level of 0.05. The result showed that the mean value of nurse role and self-care behaviour was 59.84 and 3.79 respectively. The p value was 0.000 (p<0.05) with the correlation coefficient (r) of 0.851. It indicates that there was a significant correlation between nurse role as educator and self-care behaviour in patients with type 2 DM. The correlation was strong and positive which means the better the nurse's role as educator the better the patient's self-care behaviour. The education gained by the patients can affect the motivation to perform self-care behaviour. This study suggests the importance of nurse role in providing education in type 2 diabetes patients to optimize self-care behaviour.


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