scholarly journals A study on risk assessment of complex disasters in Busan coast

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-265
Author(s):  
Soonmi Hwang ◽  
Hyung-Min Oh ◽  
Soo-Yong Nam ◽  
Tae-Soon Kang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Assessment Index ◽  
Inundation Depth ◽  
Complex Disasters ◽  
Four Levels

In the vicinity of the coast, there is a risk of complex disasters in which inland flooding, wave overtopping, storm surge, and tsunami occur simultaneously. In order to prepare for such complex disasters, it is necessary to set priorities for disaster preparedness through risk assessment and establish countermeasures. In this study, risk assessment is carried out targeting on Marine city, Centum city, and Millak waterside parks in Busan, where complex disasters have occurred or are likely to occur. For risk assessment, inundation prediction map constructed by the Ministry of Public Administration and Security in consideration of sea level rise, rainfall and storm surge scenarios and authorized data on social and economic risk factors were collected. The socioeconomic risk factors selected are population, basements, buildings, sidewalks, and roads, and the risk criteria for damage targets are set for each risk factors. And it was assessed considering the maximum inundation depth and maximum flow velocity of the inundation prediction map. Weights for each factor were derived through expert questionnaires. The risk assessment index that was finally evaluated by calculating the risk index for each element and applying weights was expressed as a risk map by different colors into four levels of attention, caution, alert and danger.

IMPACT ASSESSMENT ON STORM SURGE RISKS TO CONTAINERS CONSIDERING GLOBAL WARMING

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rikito Hisamatsu ◽  
Rikito Hisamatsu ◽  
Kei Horie ◽  
Kei Horie
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Inundation Depth ◽  
Risk Assessment Tools ◽  
Risk Maps ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Vulnerability Functions

Container yards tend to be located along waterfronts that are exposed to high risk of storm surges. However, risk assessment tools such as vulnerability functions and risk maps for containers have not been sufficiently developed. In addition, damage due to storm surges is expected to increase owing to global warming. This paper aims to assess storm surge impact due to global warming for containers located at three major bays in Japan. First, we developed vulnerability functions for containers against storm surges using an engineering approach. Second, we simulated storm surges at three major bays using the SuWAT model and taking global warming into account. Finally, we developed storm surge risk maps for containers based on current and future situations using the vulnerability function and simulated inundation depth. As a result, we revealed the impact of global warming on storm surge risks for containers quantitatively.

Analytical model for assessing collapse risk during mountain tunnel construction

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 326-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo-Hua Zhang ◽  
Yu-Yong Jiao ◽  
Li-Biao Chen ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Shu-Cai Li
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Index System ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Tunnel Construction ◽  
Assessment Index ◽  
Assessment Index System ◽  
Geological Prediction ◽  
Tunnel Collapse ◽  
Mountain Tunnel

Risk management for safety in mountain tunnel construction is of great significance. However, existing research lags behind engineering applications. In this paper, the risk of mountain tunnel collapse is used as an example to illustrate a new assessment method based on case-based reasoning, advanced geological prediction, and rough set theory. First, the risk surroundings and risk factors involved in tunnel collapse are integrated and summarized, and a risk assessment index system is established for tunnel collapse. At the same time, because the dynamic response parameters obtained by the advanced geological prediction usually indicate a typical geological structure, sensitive response parameters are introduced in the assessment index system. Advanced risk assessment can be performed for tunnel sections at a certain distance ahead of the tunnel face. Second, the major risk surroundings and the advanced geological prediction results are analyzed for the tunnel under assessment. Cases with similar attribute characteristics are selected via comparison with previous cases. Attribute reduction and calculation of weights are subsequently performed for the risk surroundings and risk factors of similar cases based on the attribute significance theory of rough sets. Finally, index screening and objective weights are applied in the fuzzy comprehensive assessment model. The results of this paper can be used to improve the theoretical level and reliability of risk assessment in tunnel safety and serve as a reference for tunnel construction.

Coastal risk assessments due to hybrid disasters in Korea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae-Soon Kang ◽  
Hyeong-Min Oh ◽  
Soon-Mi Hwang ◽  
Ho-Kyun Kim ◽  
Kwang-Young Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Blue Color ◽  
Wave Overtopping ◽  
Coastal Risk Assessment ◽  
Coastal Risk

<p>Korean coasts are exposed to high risks such as storm surge, storm-induced high waves and wave overtopping. Also, localized heavy rainfall events have occurred frequently due to climate change, too. Especially, since coastal urban areas depend heavily on pump and pipe systems, extreme rainfalls that exceed the design capacity of drainage facility result in increasing inland flood damage. Nevertheless, the population in Korea is concentrated in the coastal areas and the value and density of coastal utilization are increasing. In this study, the risk of hybrid disasters in the coastal areas was assessed for safe utilization and value enhancement of coastal areas. The framework of the coastal risk assessment has been adopted from the concept of climate change vulnerability of the IPCC(2001). Coastal Risk Index(CRI) in this study was defined as a function of Exposure and Sensitivity exclude Adaptive Capacity using GIS-based DBs. Indicators of Exposure consisted of a storm surge, storm-induced high waves, wave overtopping and rainfalls. Indicators of Sensitivity consisted of human(population density), property(buildings and roads), and geography(inundation area). All these indicators were gathered from government agencies, numerical model experiments(ADCIRC, unSWAN, FLOW3D and XP-SWMM model), and field surveys(Drone & Lidar survey). And then spatial analysis was performed by using a GIS program after passing the quality control and analyzed data were standardized and classified 4 grades; Attention(blue color), Caution(yellow color), Warning(orange color) and Danger(red color). This frame of risk assessment was first applied to Marine City, Haeundae in Busan, Korea which was heavily damaged by the typhoon CHABA in 2018. According to the assessment results, it was confirmed that the results were in good agreement with the observation data and damage range. At present, the study area of risk assessment is expanding to other areas. The results of coastal risk assessment are used as reference indicators to identify and prevent the cause of coastal disasters, establish countermeasures, determine the development or management of coastal areas based on GIS, thus will contribute to effective and safe coastal management.</p>

Medical Evaluation of the Surgical Patient (SAGHE)

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Gerhard-Herman ◽  
Jonathan Gates
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Fluid Management ◽  
Postoperative Mortality ◽  
Noncardiac Surgery ◽  
Surgical Patient ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Medical Evaluation

Medical evaluation prior to surgery includes risk assessment and the institution of therapies to decrease perioperative morbidity and mortality to improve patient outcomes. The most effective medical consultation for surgical patients begins with an assessment of the individual patient and knowledge of the planned surgery and anesthesia followed by clear communication of a concise and specific recommended plan of perioperative care to the surgical team. This chapter describes anesthetic, cardiac, pulmonary, hepatic, nutritional, and endocrine risk assessment. Perioperative thrombotic management and postoperative care and complications, including fluid management; pulmonary, cardiac, renal complications; and delirium are discussed. Tables outline the American Society of Anesthesiologists class and perioperative mortality risk, a comparison of the Revised Cardiac Risk Index and National Surgery Quality Improvement Program, Duke Activity Status Index, high-risk stress test findings, markers for increased perioperative risk in pulmonary hypertension, aortic stenosis and nonemergent noncardiac surgery, risk factors for pulmonary complications in noncardiac surgery, the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score to predict postoperative mortality, venous thromboembolism risk factors and options for pharmacologic prophylactic regimens, perioperative management of warfarin, and Brigham and Women’s Hospital guidelines for postoperative blood product replacement. Figures include a care algorithm for noncardiac surgery, an illustration of types of myocardial infarction, and an algorithm for the treatment of postoperative delirium. This review contains 3 highly rendered figures, 12 tables, and 68 references.

Medical Evaluation of the Surgical Patient

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Gerhard-Herman ◽  
Jonathan Gates
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Fluid Management ◽  
Postoperative Mortality ◽  
Noncardiac Surgery ◽  
Surgical Patient ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Medical Evaluation

Medical evaluation prior to surgery includes risk assessment and the institution of therapies to decrease perioperative morbidity and mortality to improve patient outcomes. The most effective medical consultation for surgical patients begins with an assessment of the individual patient and knowledge of the planned surgery and anesthesia followed by clear communication of a concise and specific recommended plan of perioperative care to the surgical team. This chapter describes anesthetic, cardiac, pulmonary, hepatic, nutritional, and endocrine risk assessment. Perioperative thrombotic management and postoperative care and complications, including fluid management; pulmonary, cardiac, renal complications; and delirium are discussed. Tables outline the American Society of Anesthesiologists class and perioperative mortality risk, a comparison of the Revised Cardiac Risk Index and National Surgery Quality Improvement Program, Duke Activity Status Index, high-risk stress test findings, markers for increased perioperative risk in pulmonary hypertension, aortic stenosis and nonemergent noncardiac surgery, risk factors for pulmonary complications in noncardiac surgery, the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score to predict postoperative mortality, venous thromboembolism risk factors and options for pharmacologic prophylactic regimens, perioperative management of warfarin, and Brigham and Women’s Hospital guidelines for postoperative blood product replacement. Figures include a care algorithm for noncardiac surgery, an illustration of types of myocardial infarction, and an algorithm for the treatment of postoperative delirium. This chapter contains 3 highly rendered figures, 12 tables, 68 references, and 5 MCQs.

Medical Evaluation of the Surgical Patient

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Gerhard-Herman ◽  
Jonathan Gates
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Fluid Management ◽  
Postoperative Mortality ◽  
Noncardiac Surgery ◽  
Surgical Patient ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Medical Evaluation

Medical evaluation prior to surgery includes risk assessment and the institution of therapies to decrease perioperative morbidity and mortality to improve patient outcomes. The most effective medical consultation for surgical patients begins with an assessment of the individual patient and knowledge of the planned surgery and anesthesia followed by clear communication of a concise and specific recommended plan of perioperative care to the surgical team. This chapter describes anesthetic, cardiac, pulmonary, hepatic, nutritional, and endocrine risk assessment. Perioperative thrombotic management and postoperative care and complications, including fluid management; pulmonary, cardiac, renal complications; and delirium are discussed. Tables outline the American Society of Anesthesiologists class and perioperative mortality risk, a comparison of the Revised Cardiac Risk Index and National Surgery Quality Improvement Program, Duke Activity Status Index, high-risk stress test findings, markers for increased perioperative risk in pulmonary hypertension, aortic stenosis and nonemergent noncardiac surgery, risk factors for pulmonary complications in noncardiac surgery, the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score to predict postoperative mortality, venous thromboembolism risk factors and options for pharmacologic prophylactic regimens, perioperative management of warfarin, and Brigham and Women’s Hospital guidelines for postoperative blood product replacement. Figures include a care algorithm for noncardiac surgery, an illustration of types of myocardial infarction, and an algorithm for the treatment of postoperative delirium. This review contains 3 highly rendered figures, 12 tables, and 68 references.

Gray relational analysis based assessment of escalator accident risk in subway station

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Zhiru Wang ◽  
Min Wang ◽  
Ruyu He ◽  
Ran S. Bhamra ◽  
Lili Yang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Gray Relational Analysis ◽  
Subway Station ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Accident Risk ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Assessment Index ◽  
Relational Analysis

In order to better achieve active defense in the escalator risk management, this study based on the vulnerability theory, task driven theory, management error theory, proposed a Gray Relational Analysis (GRA) based fuzzy assessment of escalator accident risk approach. The risk assessment index system of subway station escalator accident was constructed based on the commonness and essence of management defects; the weight of risk index was calculated scientifically and reasonably by using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP); escalator accident risk was evaluated by the combination of GRA and Fuzzy approach. The results show that escalator equipment, environment, safety knowledge of riders are all in good condition in the station. However, ‘Maintenance’ of escalator in the Beijing subway station is in an extremely high risk level. The contributions of this studies are: (1) general risk elements analysis model for escalator accidents which enable to compose any risk factor possible to induce escalator accident in subway station; (2) GRA based risk assessment approach can avoid the problem when expend the range to left and right. It can also judge whether the continuous improvement effect of the object is significant by the difference degree of each risk level before and after.

IMPACT ASSESSMENT ON STORM SURGE RISKS TO CONTAINERS CONSIDERING GLOBAL WARMING

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rikito Hisamatsu ◽  
Rikito Hisamatsu ◽  
Kei Horie ◽  
Kei Horie
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Inundation Depth ◽  
Risk Assessment Tools ◽  
Risk Maps ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Vulnerability Functions

Container yards tend to be located along waterfronts that are exposed to high risk of storm surges. However, risk assessment tools such as vulnerability functions and risk maps for containers have not been sufficiently developed. In addition, damage due to storm surges is expected to increase owing to global warming. This paper aims to assess storm surge impact due to global warming for containers located at three major bays in Japan. First, we developed vulnerability functions for containers against storm surges using an engineering approach. Second, we simulated storm surges at three major bays using the SuWAT model and taking global warming into account. Finally, we developed storm surge risk maps for containers based on current and future situations using the vulnerability function and simulated inundation depth. As a result, we revealed the impact of global warming on storm surge risks for containers quantitatively.

Medical Evaluation of the Surgical Patient

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Gerhard-Herman ◽  
Jonathan Gates
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Fluid Management ◽  
Postoperative Mortality ◽  
Noncardiac Surgery ◽  
Surgical Patient ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Medical Evaluation

Medical evaluation prior to surgery includes risk assessment and the institution of therapies to decrease perioperative morbidity and mortality to improve patient outcomes. The most effective medical consultation for surgical patients begins with an assessment of the individual patient and knowledge of the planned surgery and anesthesia followed by clear communication of a concise and specific recommended plan of perioperative care to the surgical team. This chapter describes anesthetic, cardiac, pulmonary, hepatic, nutritional, and endocrine risk assessment. Perioperative thrombotic management and postoperative care and complications, including fluid management; pulmonary, cardiac, renal complications; and delirium are discussed. Tables outline the American Society of Anesthesiologists class and perioperative mortality risk, a comparison of the Revised Cardiac Risk Index and National Surgery Quality Improvement Program, Duke Activity Status Index, high-risk stress test findings, markers for increased perioperative risk in pulmonary hypertension, aortic stenosis and nonemergent noncardiac surgery, risk factors for pulmonary complications in noncardiac surgery, the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score to predict postoperative mortality, venous thromboembolism risk factors and options for pharmacologic prophylactic regimens, perioperative management of warfarin, and Brigham and Women’s Hospital guidelines for postoperative blood product replacement. Figures include a care algorithm for noncardiac surgery, an illustration of types of myocardial infarction, and an algorithm for the treatment of postoperative delirium. This review contains 3 highly rendered figures, 12 tables, and 68 references.

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