scholarly journals Russia and the European Union: the Posponed Partnership

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 14-27
Author(s):  
N. Arbatova
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
World Order ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Security ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
The West ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Eu

Received 12.02.2021. The article is devoted to the analysis of the fundamental reasons that led to the crisis in relations between the Russian Federation and the European Union as well as relations between Russia and the West at large. The main attention is paid to both objective changes in international relations and subjective factors in the policies of Russia and the EU, that which predetermined the vector of evolution of their interaction. The article proposes a layer-by-layer analysis of these reasons, leading from a superficial perception of problems in depth to the origins of the current crisis. This method of analysis can be called the “matryoshka method”, when the main problem lies in the very depths of the phenomenon under study. In other words, the article proposes a “countdown” from the current crisis to the postbipolar start of cooperation between Russia and the European Union. Why did it all go wrong when it all started so well? And, finally, who is to blame for the failed partnership, and is it possible to get out of this deadlock? These and other questions are at the center of this article. The Ukraine conflict is widely perceived by the European Union and the West as whole as a turning point in their relations with the Russian Federation and the main reason of the deepest divide between them. However, this conflict is not so much the reason but rather the consequence of more profound contradictions between Russia and the West. These contradictions are revolving around the mutual misperceptions about the acceptable foundation of the post-bipolar European security and rivalry in the CIS space. The EU and NATO enlargement strategies presented by both institutions as two complementary processes raised Russia’s concerns about their intentions in the CIS region. But these contradictions did not appear from “the middle of nowhere”. They resulted from the uneven end of the bipolarity and mistakes made by the West and its institutions as well as miscalculations of the new Russian leadership. In the very centre of this “matryoshka doll” one can find the arguments explaining Russia’s historic convolutions on its way to Europe. Acknowledgements. The article was prepared within the project “Post-Crisis World Order: Challenges and Technologies, Competition and Cooperation” supported by the grant from Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation program for research projects in priority areas of scientific and technological development (Agreement № 075-15-2020-783).

scholarly journals Germany and the European Union After the Epoch of Chancellor Angela Merkel

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 43-55
Author(s):  
V. Vasil'ev
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
World Order ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Angela Merkel ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Eu

The article is devoted to the analysis of the political legacy of German Chancellor Angela Merkel and in what way the new German government might possibly use it dealing with the transformation of the country and modernization of the European Union. The new political coalition with possible participation of the Green Party will preserve the continuity of the German foreign policy course for strengthening the European Union, deepening the transatlantic partnership, for active cooperation between Berlin and Paris, as well as for inclusion of Belarus, Moldova and Ukraine into the Euro-Atlantic area. The European sovereignty is the main focal point in Berlin. The Conference on the Future of Europe examines it, as well as other evolution issues. The updated legal framework of the EU, feasible strengthening of the European Parliament positions could help transform the European Union into a weighty actor in the polycentric world. Only powerful, relatively sovereign EU is able to secure the “European way of life”. Judgments about the disintegration of the European Union are far from reality. The EU margin of safety and resistance are quite impressive, primarily due to the economic potential of Germany. However, it is really difficult to predict how the European Union will get out of the crisis caused by Covid 19. American concessions to the Germans on the Nord Stream 2 project mean Biden’s serious attitude towards Merkel and Germany – the leader in the EU and one of the important NATO allies. The conditions for Russia’s return to the “European club”, for example, through the revival of M. Gorbachev’s new political thinking in Moscow, indicate rather an illusory desire. There is another, more pragmatic approach. The single European cultural and historical matrix of Greater Europe, communication between the leaders of the Russian Federation, Germany, France and the USA, the economic foundation of contacts, as well as mutual sympathies between Russians, Germans, Europeans give reason to hope for a turn for the better. The chances of a unification agenda remain. Perhaps, it will be used by future generations of politicians, experts of the Russian Federation and the Federal Republic of Germany without preconditions, on the basis of reasonable compromises. Acknowledgements. The article was prepared within the project “Post-Crisis World Order: Challenges and Technologies, Competition and Cooperation” supported by the grant from Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation program for research projects in priority areas of scientific and technological development (Agreement 075-15-2020-783).

scholarly journals POTENTIAL AND ROLE OF UNDERSERVED FOREIGN MARKETS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE’S TRADE WITH THE EU

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-71
Author(s):  
O. Shnyrkov ◽  
D. Pliushch
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Free Trade Area ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
International Partnership ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Eu

The article identifies the volume of underserved markets for the development of Ukraine's foreign trade with the EU. The Ukraine's export potential on the EU underserved market is analyzed. It is established that the intensification of trade relations between the Ukraine and EU is a mutually beneficial process, and export potential of Ukraine in the EU market for goods whose exports to the Russian Federation have decreased is of particular importance. The main foreign markets of Ukraine for the export of agricultural and industrial goods from Ukraine have been identified. The main commodity groups of underserved markets to the EU have been identified, the exports of which to the Russian Federation have decreased the most. According to the results of the study, it has been concluded that the underserved markets of the European Union play an important role in the development of Ukraine's trade: first, they allow reorientation of exports of Ukrainian goods, the import of which is prohibited into the customs territory of the Russian Federation, to EU markets; secondly, they help to identify directions for the modernization of Ukrainian production in accordance with the unmet needs of the European goods market. It is concluded that the process of deepening mutual trade in underserved markets in a free trade area is mutually beneficial for Ukraine and the European Union, as trading partners can benefit from increased trade flows, and establishing international partnership between the parties can bring additional benefits in the long run.

scholarly journals Development of legislation on environmental insurance: experience of the European Union and Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-160
Author(s):  
Vladimir S. Sinenko ◽  
Evgeniy E. Tonkov ◽  
Sergey A. Belousov ◽  
Irina S. Iskevich ◽  
Angelina V. Petergova
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Environmental Responsibility ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Natural Resource Policy ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Priority Direction ◽  
Resource Policy ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Eu

This article analyzes the development of the environmental insurance legislation of the European Union and the Russian Federation. The advantages of this mechanism in matters of compensation for harm caused to the environment due to environmental offenses are determined. The analysis of Directive No. 2004/35 / CE of the European Parliament and the Council of the EU on environmental responsibility, aimed at preventing environmental damage and eliminating its consequences. A comparison of Russian legislation with the norms of environmental insurance adopted in the European Union is carried out. The conclusion is formulated that environmental insurance should become a priority direction of the state natural resource policy.

scholarly journals EU–Russia Security Cooperation

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-130
Author(s):  
M.I. Yanin ◽  
◽  
D.S. Bunevich ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Security Cooperation ◽  
European Continent ◽  
Mutual Interest ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Political Realities ◽  
The Eu

at present, relations between the Russian Federation and the European Union are in a state of political crisis. The existing disagreements negatively affect the relations of two international players on the European continent. The article discusses the areas of interaction between the Russian Federation and the EU in the field of security, which, contrary to modern political difficulties, reflect the mutual interest of the parties. The author concludes that the joint approaches of Russia and the European Union to resolving issues related to security are a stabilizing factor in the formation of the EU–Russia dialogue in modern political realities.

scholarly journals Interaction of Party Structures of The EU and the Russian Federation in a Discourse of the Russian Left Forces on the Example of “A Just Russia” Party

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 83-87
Author(s):  
S. P. Mitrakhovich
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Identity Politics ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
European Parliament ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
Party Elites ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Eu

The article using “A Just Russia” case deals with the party strategies of the Russian left political forces for the creation of the relations with party structures of the European Union. Similar party strategy is at the same time a part of domestic policy and development of the Russian political processes, and at the same time, they are a part of the relationship with the European Union which is built up by Russia. Consequently, that is de facto a part of foreign policy activity. The novelty of the research consists in a combination of the research approaches used in a “partology” while considering a party to be a rational actor acting in conditions of a country political environment and the research approaches accepted in modern European studies. Parties act as internal political players, but at the same time and as contractors of foreign elite, in this case — party elite of the European Union, members of party groups of European Parliament, party Internationals, “the European parties” (earlier known under the term of “party at the European level”). From the Russian parliamentary political forces of several last electoral cycles “A Just Russia”, using a discourse of modern socialism, could establish more actively than others cooperation with European left, including influencing adoption of significant decisions in the EU, for example, on reform of the EU Gas Directive and the Third Energy Package of the EU. The party, through the prism of socialist ideology, is trying to bring together certain positions of the party elites of the Russian Federation and the EU, bringing differences on social avant-garde and identity politics out of the brackets. Therefore, it focuses recently on the problems of sanctions issues, considering its communication with the Party of European socialists and socialist groups in the European Parliament as another potentially popular diplomatic track for the country.

scholarly journals Prospects for managing Russia's foreign trade activity against the background of shifts in the EU development

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Сергей Царев ◽  
Sergey Carev ◽  
Елена Горбатенко ◽  
Elena Gorbatenko
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Foreign Trade Policy ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Trade Practice ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Foreign Trade Activity ◽  
The Eu

This article discusses the most pressing problems faced by the Russian Federation in the implementation of its foreign trade policy in the framework of commodity exchange with the European Union (EU) from the standpoint of improving the management of these processes. The modern characteristics of mutually beneficial trade of the EU member States and the Russian Federation are analyzed. The most significant changes in the EU foreign trade practice are revealed.

scholarly journals The European Union initiative for cooperation with neighbours in Eastern Europe and the South Caucasus: Objectives, limitations and challenges of integration without membership

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 404-426
Author(s):  
Ana Jovic-Lazic
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The South ◽  
South Caucasus ◽  
Eastern Partnership ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Eu

Following the enlargement of the Union, new neighbours in Eastern Europe and the South Caucasus became of great importance for the stability of Europe, which is why the EU formulated the European Neighbourhood Policy and the Eastern Partnership. Bearing in mind that Russia views this area as a sphere of its own influence, its policy has become of great importance as well as its reactions to the Union?s initiatives in this region. This geopolitical context of the Eastern Partnership became apparent with the outbreak of the Ukrainian crisis. In addition to the indicated limits of an often technocratic approach to the EU, the crisis has clearly shown there is a conflict of objectives of the European Union and the Russian Federation in the common neighbourhood and raised the issue of the security and geopolitical implications of this initiative. Also, the policies and interests of the European Union and the Russian Federation affect not only Ukraine but to a greater or lesser extent the development of opportunities in all other countries involved in the EU's Eastern Partnership - Georgia, Moldova, Belarus, Armenia, and Azerbaijan.

scholarly journals Cooperation between the Russian Federation and NATO in the field of European security

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 283-304
Author(s):  
Ana Jovic-Lazic
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
European Security ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Ukrainian Crisis ◽  
Military Development ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Willingness To Cooperate ◽  
The Eu

Preserving stability in the wider region of Europe cannot be achieved without the cooperation of the European Union, the Russian Federation and NATO. Dialogue Union with Russia in the field of security is marked by the fact that the EU wants to build its own security and defense system, with a tendency to mainly rely on NATO operations during the planning and military development. Also, the EU is ready to propose a Russia to get involved in that system, to a certain extent. The goal of NATO is to maintain a key role in ensuring stability and security in Europe and the world. At the same time NATO shows a willingness to cooperate closely with the EU and to periodically consult with Russia through certain organs of NATO. Russia, however, insists that the European security should be provided through of its equal cooperation with NATO and the EU. The current Ukrainian crisis showed as a major challenge for European security since the end of the Cold War. It made clear that relations between Russia, the EU and NATO are increasingly characterized by misunderstanding, mistrust and confrontation, which can have very negative consequences for the preservation of peace and security in Europe.

scholarly journals Going Digital Toolkit platform as a monitoring tool of the digital transformation in the Russian Federation

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 15-30
Author(s):  
Р. Е. Prokhorov
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Federal State ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Platform System ◽  
The Eu

Purpose of the study. OECD «Going Digital Toolkit» is one of the tools for monitoring of the digital transformation. Platform can helps to quantify various areas of digitalization and provides a comprehensive description of the changes in the socio-economic sphere.  Despite the Going Digital Toolkit platform has the objective advantages, this tool is practically not used by Russian researchers.  The purpose of this study is to analyze the possibility of using «Going Digital Toolkit» platform as a tool for monitoring the development of the digital economy in the Russian Federation.  Materials and methods. To achieve the goal of the study, a comparative analysis of the indicators of the Going Digital Toolkit platform was carried out on the OECD countries, European Union countries and the Russian Federation. Research was carried out to:  1) identify the presence of certain indicators in the platform system in case of the analysis the Russian Federation;  2) investigate the relevance of data on indicators presented in the platform system for the Russian Federation;  3) analyze the position of the Russian Federation regarding the OECD and the EU;  4) determine reserves to achieve monitoring integrity based on Russian state statistics and other sources;  5) develop the recommendations for improving the statistics of digital transformation in the Russian Federation.  Along with the information published on the Going Digital Toolkit platform, the data of the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat) and the data of the Ministry of Digital Development, Telecommunications and Mass Communications of the Russian Federation were used.  Results. The position of Russia can be assessed as «lagging» in comparison with the countries of the European Union and the OECD. For most indicators that characterize access and use of the Internet, e-commerce and skills, Russia does not exceed these countries. In some cases, the twofold superiority of the EU and OECD countries over the Russian Federation makes it impossible to make an optimistic forecast to correct the current situation in the near future. However, the position of Russia identified on the basis of the platform’s data does not reflect the situation in real time, which suggests positive dynamics in some of the indicators presented.  The issue of using the platform as a tool for monitoring digital transformation in the Russian Federation is debatable. The incompleteness of the information presented in Russia makes the tool impractical, however, the available information, together with the functional advantages of the analytical platform, opens up new opportunities for users.  Conclusion. The Going Digital Toolkit platform acts not only as an interactive tool for analyzing numerical values for a number of indicators, but also as a standard of a system of statistical indicators necessary for measuring processes and phenomena of digital transformation. The platform can serve as a guide for national statistical agencies in the development of relevant surveys and improve the methodological foundations of statistics in the field of information and communication technologies.  

scholarly journals Wpływ embarga Federacji Rosyjskiej na eksport jabłek z Polski w latach 2004-2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Ambroziak
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Union Member ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Single Market ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
European Union Member States ◽  
The Eu

In August 2014 the Russian Federation introduced a ban on imports of many food and agricultural products from the European Union member states, including Poland. It was the second embargo imposed on Poland after its accession to the European Union. The aim of the study is to assess the consequences of measures adopted by the Russian Federation to restrict imports of apples, one of the most important agri-food products, in 2004-2015. During the recent embargo, Poland did not limit itself, as it had been the case during the first ban in 2006-2008, to redirecting exports to Russia via Lithuania, Belarus and Ukraine, but it looked for new markets, including the EU single market.

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