DEVELOPMENT OF A HOLISTIC METHODOLOGY FOR STRATEGIC PLANNING OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ARMED FORCES BASED ON CAPABILITIES

Based on the results of the study, a scientific and applied problem was formulated, a hypothesis (multifactorial) was advanced, and partial scientific tasks were identified to develop a holistic methodology for strategic planning of the development of the Armed Forces of Ukraine based on capabilities. The relevance of the study is due to the emergence of new problems in the field of defense and military development, a decrease in the objectivity of strategic decision-making in determining and adjusting the development strategy of the Armed Forces in the long term, and the effectiveness of strategic planning for the development of the Armed Forces as a whole through the introduction of capabilities-based planning methodology in the defense forces. The requirements of modern regulatory legal acts of Ukraine regarding the introduction of planning based on the capabilities, functions of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine and the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, as well as the tasks of the Interdepartmental Working Group on the Defense Review (a temporary subsidiary body of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine) are analyzed. The reasons for the emergence of problems in the construction and development of the Armed Forces are investigated, as well as contradictions in the definition and adjustment of the strategy for the development of the capabilities of the Armed Forces for the long term are revealed. The strategic planning of the development of the Armed Forces and defense planning are differentiated according to the goal, results and responsibility between the subjects of planning. The scientific and applied problem lies in the need to develop a concept of strategic planning for the development of the Armed Forces of Ukraine based on the capabilities, a set of special methods, techniques and approaches to determine and adjust the strategy for the development of the capabilities of the Armed Forces in the long term. A research hypothesis (multifactorial) about the conditions for achieving the effectiveness of strategic planning for the development of the Armed Forces of Ukraine on the basis of capabilities is put forward and partial scientific tasks are identified, which will be devoted to further research.

AN ANALYSIS ON INDIA’S MILITARY DEVELOPMENT AND SUCCESS OVER THE YEARS

India has signed agreement with Philippines BrahMos and now India is going to sign deal with Korean next Gen gunship. India is emerging as an alternative to China in export of defense items .India’s Made in India programme has led to the development of indigenous products with both Public and Private sector involved and also start-ups and small enterprise have entered, Today, India has the largest ground force in the world and the 4th largest army, it has world’s finest weapons, aircrafts and submarine. Since Independence India has advanced its defence sector with research and development , along with making India a nuclear state and production of dangerous weapons , along with that Indian has around 120-130 warheads and have exported artillery to UAE , missiles and aircrafts to Maurities and Myanmar , in the upcoming years it is going to amplify its export market. With upcoming threats from China and Pakistan, India has also strengthened its nuclear weapons. India has signed agreement with 20 countries for the transfer of technology and use of dual use technology. Keywords: Indian, defence, indigenous product, artillery export, China, Pakistan, nuclear weapons, ground force.

Battle of the hearts: China’s aim to become a soft (super)power and Europe’s response

While China has made remarkable advances in its economic, technological and military development over the past decades, its perceived influence and reputation are declining in some parts of the world. This poses a problem for Chinese decision-makers as the country’s self-proclaimed goal to become a leading global power relies on its build-up of soft power, that is, the ability to influence others by persuasion rather than coercion. The article examines why China, despite the increasingly nationalist tendencies at home, will continue its international push to become a soft (super)power, and discusses how the EU should react.

Exploration and Thinking on the Information Construction and Management of the Military Key Laboratory

Informatization is the core of modern military development. It is necessary to pay attention to and strengthen the informatization construction of military key laboratory to win the information war. Based on the analysis of the traditional management mode of laboratory and its disadvantages, combined with the practice and exploration of information construction and management of military key laboratory of military underground construction engineering in recent years, this paper comprehensively analyzes and deeply discusses the achievements and experience of laboratory in information construction and management, as well as the existing problems and lessons. Practice shows that the laboratory has made significant progress and benefits in the information construction and management, but there are still some contradictions and problems to be solved.

The legacy of Admiral von Tirpitz: a geopolitical understanding of China's naval buildup through sea-denial strategies

As manifest challenger of the United States (US)-led international order, the People's Republic of China (PRC) has inaugurated a revisionist strategy that encompasses a multifaceted spectrum of initiatives, including an ambitious naval military build-up. History has shown that revisionist and challenging powers tend to defy the established order through arm races. US Admiral Mahan and German Admiral Tirpitz theorized two different approaches to naval strategy, the former focusing on global maritime hegemony and the latter on regional counterbalance based on risk theory. This article attempts at explaining the puzzle of China's naval buildup through the lenses of geopolitics, adding a geopolitical dimension to the current debate. It suggests that the PRC's naval military development does not follow a Mahanian global maritime strategy aimed at challenging the US primacy worldwide, but rather a Tirpitzian regional approach focused on counterbalancing the US presence within the scope of China's sea power projection, that is, the Pacific region. To substantiate this hypothesis, the study compares diachronically contemporary Chinese naval arm race with Wilhelmine Germany's High Seas Fleet. The findings underscore that, in maritime terms, China's revisionism vis-à-vis the US somewhat resembles that of Imperial Germany vis-à-vis Imperial Britain, both aiming at regional counterbalance and anti-access and area-denial (A2/AD) tactics rather than global maritime counterhegemony. Although Chinese sea power is still far from posing a serious threat to that of the US and its allies, an unrestrained continuation of Beijing's naval buildup could encourage arms races and direct confrontation due to regional security dilemmas.

The utilization of unmanned aerial vehicles incombating illegal bunkering activities in the Niger Delta regions of Nigeria

In contemporary surveillance and reconnaissance efforts, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been widely deployed in dangerous, low-altitude regions where manned aircrafts cannot navigate easily because of their size, purchasing costs for environmental remote sensing, monitoring, and combat mission for military operations. As UAVs are used in compromising situations, they are designed to be low cost in the event of failed recovery process and there is increased operational flexibility for military applications and non-military development. This paper provides an overview of the use of UAVs in combating illegal bunkering activities. It classifies these vehicles based on performance and size. The paper seeks to proffer potential solutions for its adoption in the Niger Delta for forestalling security, monitoring and surveillance of multinational oil companies’ pipelines operating in the region, tactical responses by security agencies to address emergency situations of oil spillage, and illegal bunkering activities for the promotion of the nation’s economic development.

https://www.asianinstituteofresearch.org/JSParchives/The-CCP%E2%80%99s-Development-of-Artificial-Intelligence%3A-Impact-on-Future-Operations-

The development of artificial intelligence and related technologies has a potential serious impact on the industrial development and the military operations. The Chinese Communist Party has also classified this area as a key direction of the future development, hoping that in this new wave of military affairs innovation, under the absolute superiority of economic and military affairs, China could surpass the United States in one fell swoop, changing the world situation in which the United States is the only military superpower since the end of the Cold War. In the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, President Xi Jinping clearly stated that it should accelerate the development of military intelligence and strengthen the joint combat capability of the network information system, including the R&D of the innovative weapons and equipment. As Xi Jinping took over the presidency of China in 2013, he initiated the "dream of strong army". In the future, artificial intelligence is bound to be an important part of the CCP's military modernization, and it is also a foresighted preparation for winning the next war. At present, most of the CCP’s research on military development in terms of artificial intelligence tends to be on hardware devices, such as automated combat vehicles, autonomous drones and remote-controlled submarines. These related technologies rely heavily on the mechanical engineering and traditional R&D. The CCP intends to combine the development of military science and technology with the advanced weapons as a means of "killer" conception for future regional wars against the United States and other major powers. In this concept, the Communist Army will carry out paralytic asymmetrical attacks to its potential enemies. In the past, the "killer" weapons may be the attack missiles that attack large ships, but now they may include a new generation of artificial intelligence weapons that use the big data, the Internet of Things, or the cloud computing. In the face of the development of the CCP’s artificial intelligence militarization, not only we must concern about its current major developments, but also have to analyze the motives behind it, so that we can make correct judgments in the future operations to block the CCP’s media campaign and arms deterrent. This is the focus worthy of our urgent attention.

The CCP’s Development of Artificial Intelligence: Impact on Future Operations

The development of artificial intelligence and related technologies has a potential serious impact on the industrial development and the military operations. The Chinese Communist Party has also classified this area as a key direction of the future development, hoping that in this new wave of military affairs innovation, under the absolute superiority of economic and military affairs, China could surpass the United States in one fell swoop, changing the world situation in which the United States is the only military superpower since the end of the Cold War. In the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, President Xi Jinping clearly stated that it should accelerate the development of military intelligence and strengthen the joint combat capability of the network information system, including the R&D of the innovative weapons and equipment. As Xi Jinping took over the presidency of China in 2013, he initiated the "dream of strong army". In the future, artificial intelligence is bound to be an important part of the CCP's military modernization, and it is also a foresighted preparation for winning the next war. At present, most of the CCP’s research on military development in terms of artificial intelligence tends to be on hardware devices, such as automated combat vehicles, autonomous drones and remote-controlled submarines. These related technologies rely heavily on the mechanical engineering and traditional R&D. The CCP intends to combine the development of military science and technology with the advanced weapons as a means of "killer" conception for future regional wars against the United States and other major powers. In this concept, the Communist Army will carry out paralytic asymmetrical attacks to its potential enemies. In the past, the "killer" weapons may be the attack missiles that attack large ships, but now they may include a new generation of artificial intelligence weapons that use the big data, the Internet of Things, or the cloud computing. In the face of the development of the CCP’s artificial intelligence militarization, not only we must concern about its current major developments, but also have to analyze the motives behind it, so that we can make correct judgments in the future operations to block the CCP’s media campaign and arms deterrent. This is the focus worthy of our urgent attention.

Rethinking Threat in China’s South Pacific Prescence

This article probes the methodological basis for the determination of China as a threat in the South Pacific. China threat theory contends that the growing Chinese presence in Pacific Island Countries (PICs) poses multifaceted risks. This contention, though premised on sound data regarding the scale and pace of Chinese aid, investment, and military development, has not been properly vetted social scientifically, and plausible alternative explanations for China’s South Pacific policy have not been rigorously tested or evaluated. The article suggests the integration and testing of a range of competing hypotheses in order for future studies to provide a more accurate, holistic picture of any threat China poses, and to better account for the as-yet-mostly unstudied responses of PIC populations and governments to China’s changing regional role.

The Geo-Energy Trilemma and Its Mismanagement

States, motivated by military concerns, have mismanaged the geo-energy trilemma with the result that they face a much deeper climate emergency than they otherwise might. The geo-energy trilemma consists of climate mitigation, energy security, and economic/military development. The International Energy Agency (IEA) has been central to the creation of a data path that prioritizes fossil fuels over the development of renewable energy. The International Energy Agency sent states down the track of more coal development even though carbon capture storage was never a realistic prospect. The IEA failed to build trust among states on energy and climate change issues. The creation of the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) is an important step forward globally for the renewable energy industries.