scholarly journals Scrotal Circumference and its Relationship with Testicular Growth, Age, and Body Weight in Murrah Buffalo Bulls

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 2270-2274
Author(s):  
V.H. Shende ◽  
S.H. Sontakke ◽  
V.V. Potdar ◽  
Tejsjree V. Shirsath ◽  
J.R. Khadse
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Murrah Buffalo ◽  
Testicular Growth ◽  
Scrotal Circumference

The effect of nutrition on testicular growth in mature Merino rams involves mechanisms that are independent of changes in GnRH pulse frequency

1995 ◽  
Vol 147 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Hötzel ◽  
S W Walkden-Brown ◽  
M A Blackberry ◽  
G B Martin
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Pulse Frequency ◽  
Testicular Growth ◽  
Scrotal Circumference ◽  
Gonadotrophin Secretion ◽  
Testicular Size ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Short Term Experiment

Abstract In mature Merino rams, changes in diet to below or above the requirements for maintenance of body weight lead to changes in gonadotrophin secretion and testicular growth. However, the effects on testicular growth persist for much longer than those on LH and FSH secretion so that the gonadal and gonadotrophin responses are poorly correlated over time. This suggests that the gonadal effects may be partly independent of changes in the hypothalamic secretion of GnRH, an hypothesis tested in this study. In a short-term experiment (November, late spring, non-breeding season), we tested whether a high frequency of exogenous GnRH pulses could override the endogenous system and mimic the change in gonadotrophins seen in rams fed a high plane of nutrition. Mature Merino rams (scrotal circumference (mean ± s.e.m.) 33·6 ±0·5 cm, body weight (mean ± s.e.m.) 59·0 ± 0·9 kg) were fed 900 g chaff+1·6 kg lupin grain (High diet) or 360 g chaff+60 g lupin grain (Low diet) and infused with 8 pulses of GnRH or saline daily for 5 weeks (n=5/group). Blood was sampled every 20 min for 12 h on days – 1 and 14 relative to the start of treatments. Relative to pre-treatment levels, LH pulse frequency and FSH concentrations were decreased on day 14 in saline-infused rams fed the Low diet and increased in saline-infused rams fed the High diet (P<0·001). In GnRH-infused rams, gonadotrophin secretion was not affected by diet and the patterns of secretion of LH and FSH were similar to those in saline-infused rams fed the High diet. This model was used for a more complete endocrine analysis in a longer experiment designed to test the hypothesis that the effect of nutrition on testicular growth is partly independent of changes in the secretion of GnRH. The same treatments were imposed for 35 days on a different group of similar rams in March (autumn, mid-breeding season). Body weight and scrotal circumference were measured weekly and blood was sampled on days – 1 and 14. On days – 1 and 35, testosterone secretion in response to LH was tested by injecting exogenous ovine LH (NIADDK-oLH-25; 200 ng/kg body weight) to all rams. Body weight increased in rams fed the High diet and decreased in those fed the Low diet (P<0·001) and was not affected by infusion. The secretion of LH and FSH was affected by treatments as in experiment 1. There was an interaction between the effects of diet and infusion on change in scrotal circumference (P<0·02). In GnRH-infused rams fed the Low diet, scrotal circumference was not changed, so that from week 2 after the change in diet it was higher (P<0·05) than in saline-infused rams fed the Low diet and lower (P<0·05) than in both groups of rams fed the High diet. Changes in diet, GnRH pulse frequency or in testicular size did not affect mean plasma concentrations of inhibin or the testosterone response to LH. In conclusion, we have shown that in mature rams pulsatile exogenous GnRH cannot fully reproduce the effect that feeding a high diet has on testicular growth, suggesting that the effect of nutrition on testicular growth is partly independent of changes in the secretion of GnRH. Our results also show that (i) testicular growth induced by nutrition is not associated with changes in plasma concentrations of inhibin, or peripheral concentrations of testosterone after a pulse of LH, suggesting a dissociation of the endocrine and spermatogenic functions of the testis; (ii) changes in diet alter the secretion of gonadotrophins primarily by changing GnRH pulse frequency; and (iii) an exogenous GnRH pulsatile regimen can override endogenous secretion of a similar pulse frequency. Journal of Endocrinology (1995) 147, 75–85

scholarly journals Measurement of circulating insulin-like peptide 3 and testosterone concentrations in pre-pubertal, tropical male goats

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-388
Author(s):  
Anuradha Wimalarathne ◽  
Lakshitha Fonseka ◽  
Indunil Pathirana ◽  
Suranga Kodithuwakku ◽  
Noritoshi Kawate
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Testosterone Concentration ◽  
Serial Blood ◽  
Testicular Growth ◽  
Scrotal Circumference ◽  
Original Procedure

The present study attempted to: (1) simplify the existing enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for the measurement of insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) concentrations in goats (2) to measure circulating INSL3 and testosterone in pre-pubertal Jamnapari X local crossbred goats (3) to examine the relationships among INSL3 concentration, testosterone concentration, scrotal circumference and body weight during the pre-pubertal age. Serial blood samples were collected from normal pre-pubertal male Jamnapari X local crossbred goats (n = 6) at the ages of 19 to 28 weeks. Serum INSL3 was measured using a recently reported EIA with modifications to the original procedure. The detection ranges of the INSL3 and testosterone assays were 0.08 to 80 ng/mL and 0.01 to 40 ng/mL, respectively. The intra-assay coefficient of variations were 3.79% for INSL3 (n = 6) and 3.72% (n = 6) for testosterone. Serum INSL3 concentrations ranged from 13.62 ± 3.25 to 22.45 ± 6.09 ng/mL (mean ± SEM) in pre-pubertal goats. Those concentrations increased (p < 0.05) from 20 (13.62 ± 3.25 ng/mL) to 22 (22.45 ± 6.09 ng/mL) weeks of age. Testosterone concentrations ranged from 0.30 ± 0.07 to 1.22 ± 0.43 ng/mL in pre-pubertal goats. A significant drop was observed in testosterone concentrations at 23 weeks of age. INSL3 was correlated (r = 0.58; p < 0.05) with scrotal circumference while no significant correlation was observed among other tested parameters. A rapid, sensitive EIA system was simplified to quantify INSL3 in goats, by simplifying the existing procedure. Different serum INSL3 and testosterone dynamics were found from 19 to 28 weeks of age of the goats. Compared with testosterone, INSL3 dynamics seemed to be more consistent with the age of pre-pubertal goats and showed a relationship with the testicular growth. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2018, 4(4): 383-388

scholarly journals Relationships Among Age, Body Weight, Scrotal Circumference, Semen Quality and Peripheral Testosterone and Estradiol Concentrations in Pubertal and Postpubertal Holstein Bulls

2008 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhuminand DEVKOTA ◽  
Tsugio KOSEKI ◽  
Motozumi MATSUI ◽  
Motoki SASAKI ◽  
Etsushi KANEKO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Scrotal Circumference ◽  
Holstein Bulls

Genetic associations between age at first calving and heifer body weight and scrotal circumference in Nelore cattle

2009 ◽  
Vol 126 (5) ◽  
pp. 387-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.A. Grossi ◽  
G.C. Venturini ◽  
C.C.P. Paz ◽  
L.A.F. Bezerra ◽  
R.B. Lôbo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Genetic Associations ◽  
Age At First Calving ◽  
Scrotal Circumference ◽  
Nelore Cattle

scholarly journals Characterization of the onset of puberty in Tazegzawt lambs, an endangered Algerian sheep: Body weight, thoracic perimeter, testicular growth, and seminal parameters

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 889-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farid Moulla ◽  
Rachid El-Bouyahiaoui ◽  
Rebouh Nazih ◽  
Norezzine Abdelaziz ◽  
Nacera Zerrouki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Testicular Growth ◽  
Seminal Parameters

RELATIONSHIPS OF SCROTAL CIRCUMFERENCE WITH BODY WEIGHT AND BACKFAT THICKNESS IN MULTIBREED SYNTHETIC POPULATIONS OF YOUNG BEEF BULLS

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 1049-1055 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. SHARMA ◽  
R. T. BERG
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Simple Correlation ◽  
Scrotal Circumference ◽  
Synthetic Populations ◽  
Breed Group ◽  
Partial Correlations ◽  
Beef Bulls

Relationships of scrotal circumference (SC) with body weight (BW) and backfat thickness (FT) as measured from scanograms were studied. A total of 935 observations on growing multibreed synthetic beef bulls on a postweaning performance test were available from a commercial herd for this study. Significant breed group, period and group × period interaction effects were noted on SC, BW and FT. BW and SC increased significantly during the test in all breed groups, while FT showed no change in three breed groups. Repeatability pooled across groups for SC was estimated as 0.72; 0.66 after adjusting for BW. Significant correlations were noticed between SC and BW within each breed group. Partial correlations between SC and BW at constant FT were not different from gross correlations. Linear regression coefficients of SC on BW were significant in all groups and showed heterogeneity among groups but not between periods within groups. Adjustments of SC for BW should, therefore, be breed group specific. BW alone accounted for considerable variation in SC, from 38 to 76%. Simple correlation coefficients between SC and FT were low and significant in only two groups. A significant but low positive relationship was noted between SC and FT at constant BW in a group fed a high-concentrate diet during the postweaning gain period, but there was no relationship in four other groups. Results indicated that the method of adjusting SC for FT as an indirect way of adjusting for scrotal fat was not satisfactory. Key words: Bulls, scrotal circumference, growth

Genetic aspects of body weight, body condition score, scrotal circumference and reproductive performance in Italian Holstein young bulls

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 ◽  
pp. 53-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Biffani ◽  
A.B. Samoré ◽  
F. Canavesi ◽  
E. Olzi ◽  
M. Cassandro
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Progeny Testing ◽  
Scrotal Circumference ◽  
Good Physical Condition ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Recessive Genes

Apart from all the issues regarding health and undesirable recessive genes, which are determining factors to identify bulls not suitable for AI, there are other aspects which can be considered. The principal aims of AI studs are the selection of the best animals from a genetic point of view and the production of semen in a very short time, in order to start progeny testing as soon as possible. In Italy progeny testing starts when 1200 straws for each young bull are available. This requirement implies that bulls should be in good physical condition. According to this, the genetic centre of the Italian Holstein Breeder Association (ANAFI) has been paying growing attention to animal welfare and fitness, recording routinely some biometrical indicators. Body weight (BW), scrotal circumference (SC), body condition score (BCS) are some examples of this policy and could be helpful and easy predictors of reproductive performance for a young progeny testing dairy bull. The objective of this report was to conduct a preliminary analysis on the genetic aspects of BW, BCS, SC, age at the 1st usable straw (AGE1) and age at the 1200th straw (AGE1200) in Italian Holstein young bulls.

scholarly journals Body and testicular development and serum testosterone concentrations in Brahman males

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo George Mungai Chacur ◽  
Alex Arikawa Miyasaki ◽  
Eunice Oba ◽  
Camila Dutra Souza ◽  
Luis Roberto Almeida Gabriel Filho
Keyword(s):  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Testicular Development ◽  
Testosterone Concentration ◽  
Testicular Growth ◽  
Scrotal Circumference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Brahman Cattle ◽  
Indirect Indicator ◽  
Data Collections

The present study had the objective of evaluating the physical and testicular development, and the serum testosterone concentration of 8 to 18 months old male Brahman cattle on grazing weight gaining performance tests. Bovine cattle (n=40), aged 259.76 ± 26.15 days and weighing 239.71 ± 33,94kg had the following characteristics evaluated every 56 days, corresponding to 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, and 18 months of age (six different data collections): body weight (BW), scrotal circumference (SC), girth (G), height at the withers (WH), body length (BL), body mass index (BMI), right and left testicular length (RTL and LTL, respectively), right and left testicular height (RTH and LTH, respectively), average daily weight gain (ADG), testicular volume (TV), and serum testosterone (ST).Analysis of variance and Tukey's test at 5% probability were used. Correlations between variables were assessed using Pearson's method at 5% confidence. There was significant difference (P < 0.05) from 12 months of age onwards for ADG and ST. There were differences (P < 0.05) for: BW, SC, G, WH, BL, BMI, RTL, LTL, RTH,and TV from 14 months of age. There was a positive correlation between: ST x G (r=0.38; P < 0.01); ST x WH (r=0.38; P < 0.01); ST xRTH (r=0.23; P < 0.05); ST x LTH (r=0.21; P < 0.01); ST x TV (r=0.22; P < 0.008); TV x weight (r=0.70; P < 0.01); TV x SC (r=0.90; P < 0.01); and TV x BMI (r=0.93; P < 0.01). A rapid increase in serum testosterone concentration occurred between 12 and 14 months of age, followed by rapid body and testicular growth. An elevation in testosterone levels is an indirect indicator that an acceleration inphysical and testicular growth is approaching. It is recommended to calculate both BMI and TV to follow cattle growth due to the high correlation between these variables.

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