scholarly journals Impact of vine water status on sensory attributes of Cabernet Franc wines in the Niagara Peninsula of Ontario

OENO One ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javad Hakimi Rezaei ◽  
Andrew G. Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Water Status ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Sensory Attributes ◽  
Color Intensity ◽  
Cabernet Franc ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Sensory Analyses ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact

<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Aim</strong>: To examine the impact of vine water status on sensory and chemical characteristics of Cabernet franc wines on non-irrigated sites in the Niagara Peninsula, Ontario, to assess whether vine water status might be a key factor in the determination of so-called terroir effects.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods and results</strong>: The effects of vine water status on wine sensory characteristics were studied in <em>Vitis vinifera</em> L cv. Cabernet franc in the Niagara Peninsula (Ontario, Canada) in the 2005 and 2006 vintages. Vine water status was monitored throughout the growing season in ten vineyard blocks using midday leaf water potential (Ψ) values. Chemical and descriptive sensory analyses were performed on nine (2005) and eight (2006) pairs of experimental wines to elucidate differences between wines from high and low water status (HWS, LWS) zones in each vineyard. Twelve trained judges evaluated six aroma, six flavor and three mouthfeel/taste sensory attributes, as well as color intensity. In 2005, LWS wines had higher color intensity (four sites), black cherry flavor (one site), and red fruit aroma and flavor (two sites). Similar trends were observed in the 2006 vintage. No differences were found from one year to the next between the wines produced from the same vineyard, despite markedly different conditions in the 2005 and 2006 vintages.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusions</strong>: Measurement of midday leaf Ψ was successful in detecting differences among vine water status levels throughout the growing season. The range of leaf Ψ values were almost consistent at most sites in both 2005 and 2006 years. Differences in vine water status resulted in wines with different composition, aroma, flavor, and color intensity. Despite two different vintages of hot and dry (2005) and wet (2006) seasons, similar trends were observed in high and low water status wines.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Significance and impact of study</strong>: The strong relationships between leaf Ψ and sensory attributes of Cabernet franc suggest that vine water status is a major basis for the terroir effect.</p>

scholarly journals EM-Based Monitoring and Probabilistic Analysis of Prestress Loss of Bonded Tendons in PSC Beams

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheheng Chen ◽  
Shanwen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Probabilistic Analysis ◽  
Prestressed Concrete ◽  
Monitoring Methods ◽  
Prestress Loss ◽  
External Tendons ◽  
Material Environment ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
One Year

The prestress level is a key factor of prestressed concrete (PSC) beams, affecting their long-term serviceability and safety. Existing monitoring methods, however, are not effective in obtaining the force or stress of embedded tendons. This paper investigates the feasibility of elastomagnetic (EM) sensors, which have been used for external tendons, in monitoring the long-term prestress loss of bonded tendons. The influence of ambient temperature, water, eccentricity ratio, plastic duct, and cement grouts on the test results of EM sensors is experimentally examined. Based on the calibrated EM sensors, prestress loss of a group of PSC beams was monitored for one year. In order to further consider the high randomness in material, environment, and construction, probabilistic analysis of prestress loss is conducted. Finally, the variation range of prestress loss with a certain confidence level is obtained and is compared with the monitored data, which provides a basis for the determination of prestress level in the design of PSC beams.

scholarly journals The Influence of Rooting Substrate and Growth Regulators Indol butyric Acid and Naphthalene Acetic Acid in the Number and Length of Adventitious Roots to Hardwood Cuttings in Blueberry cv. ‘Bluecrop’ (Vaccinium corymbosum L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Sabri Braha ◽  
Petrit Rama
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Important Variation ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

The purpose of this research is to determine the impact of the turf-only substrate and turf–perlite in the ratio 2:1 and of growth regulators in the quality of adventive roots ( the number and length) of well lignified one-year old branches without fruit buds in the Bluecrop cultivar (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) taken at the end of the latent period before budding at the February 15 th during the -2015 growing season. In order to support the increase of the number of roots and their length the hardwood cuttings are treated with different IBA and NAA concentrations (1500, 3000, 4500 ppm), while a part of cuttings were untreated control. The number and the length of roots have increased in relation to the increase of concentration from 1500 to 3000 ppm followed by a decline of these values in concentrations over 3000 ppm. Respectively, the number of roots (8) and the higher values of root length (4.6 cm) are achieved in the turf–perlite substrate, IBA 3000 ppm (compared to the turf-only substrate). The presence of perlite helps the aeration of the substrate and supports biochemical and physiological processes which lead to the inducing of adventive roots. Regarding the number and length of roots an important variation for (p<0.05) was observed between different concentrations of IBA and NAA. In general the effect of IBA was a lot better than the effect of NAA.

scholarly journals The influence of bird netting on yield and fruit, juice, and wine composition of Vitis vinifera L.

OENO One ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Vinay Pagay ◽  
Andrew G. Reynolds ◽  
K. Helen Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Positive Finding ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
Cabernet Franc ◽  
Wine Composition ◽  
Migratory Patterns ◽  
The Impact

<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Aims</strong>: To investigate the impact of semi-permanent bird netting and timing of its application on Cabernet franc grapevine yield components and fruit, juice, and wine composition.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods and results</strong>: Semi-permanent bird netting was installed over Cabernet franc grapevines at various times – post-bloom, bunch closure, and veraison – of the 2004 growing season in the Niagara Peninsula of Canada. At harvest, vine yield components were measured followed by berry and must compositional analysis of soluble solids, pH, titratable acidity (TA), color, and polyphenols. Wines made from these grapes were also analyzed (pH, TA, color, and polyphenols). It was found that installation of bird netting over grapevines had minimal effect on yield components and berry composition regardless of when the nets were installed. Must composition revealed significant decreases in soluble solids, pH, and color as a result of the netting, the least impact being when the nets were applied at post-bloom. Wine composition was similar to the must data with the netted treatments resulting in lower pH, higher TA, and decreased color. Total anthocyanins and polyphenols were slightly reduced as a result of the netting.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusions</strong>: Minimal impact of bird netting on yield, fruit, must and wine quality is a positive finding since netting is becoming more prevalent in vineyards worldwide due to changing migratory patterns of birds. It is recommended that netting be applied around post-bloom for the ease of application, to minimize shading effects, which could lead to decreased fruit quality, and to maintain yield.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Significance and impact of the study</strong>: Use of bird netting is becoming more prevalent by grape growers worldwide due to changing migratory patterns of birds that feed on grapes. This study shows that bird netting is not detrimental to yield and fruit and wine quality especially when applied early in the growing season.</p>

scholarly journals Blood Contamination in CSF and Its Impact on Quantitative Analysis of Alpha-Synuclein

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barkovits ◽  
Kruse ◽  
Linden ◽  
Tönges ◽  
Pfeiffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Alpha Synuclein ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Blood Contamination ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Impact

Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is important for diagnosis of neurological diseases. Especially for neurodegenerative diseases, abnormal protein abundance in CSF is an important biomarker. However, the quality of CSF is a key factor for the analytic outcome. Any external contamination has tremendous impact on the analysis and the reliability of the results. In this study, we evaluated the effect of blood contamination in CSF with respect to protein biomarker identification. We compared three distinct measures: Combur10-Test® strips, a specific hemoglobin ELISA, and bottom-up mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics for the determination of the general blood contamination level. In parallel, we studied the impact of blood contamination on the detectability of alpha-synuclein (aSyn), a highly abundant protein in blood/erythrocytes and a potential biomarker for Parkinson’s disease. Comparable results were achieved, with all three approaches enabling detection of blood levels in CSF down to 0.001%. We found higher aSyn levels with increasing blood contamination, highlighting the difficulty of authentic quantification of this protein in CSF. Based on our results, we identified other markers for blood contamination beyond hemoglobin and defined a grading system for blood levels in CSF samples, including a lower limit of tolerable blood contamination for MS-based biomarker studies.

scholarly journals Methodology of Using Terrain Passability Maps for Planning the Movement of Troops and Navigation of Unmanned Ground Vehicles

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 4682
Author(s):  
Wojciech Dawid ◽  
Krzysztof Pokonieczny
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Management ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Unmanned Ground Vehicles ◽  
Ground Vehicles ◽  
Salvage Operation ◽  
The Road ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Military Units

The determination of the route of movement is a key factor which enables navigation. In this article, the authors present the methodology of using different resolution terrain passability maps to generate graphs, which allow for the determination of the optimal route between two points. The routes are generated with the use of two commonly used pathfinding algorithms: Dijkstra’s and A-star. The proposed methodology allows for the determination of routes in various variants—a more secure route that avoids all terrain obstacles with a wide curve, or a shorter route, which is, however, more difficult to pass. In order to achieve that, two functions that modify the value of the index of passability (IOP), which is assigned to the primary fields that the passability map consists of, have been used. These functions have a β parameter that augments or reduces the impact of the applied function on IOP values. The paper also shows the possibilities of implementation of the methodology for the movement of single vehicles or unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) by using detailed maps as well as for determining routes for large military operational units moving in a 1 km wide corridor. The obtained results show that the change in β value causes the change of a course of the route as expected and that Dijkstra’s algorithm is more stable and slightly faster than A-star. The area of application of the presented methodology is very wide because, except for planning the movement of unmanned ground vehicles or military units of different sizes, it can be used in crisis management, where the possibility of reaching the area outside the road network can be of key importance for the success of the salvage operation.

scholarly journals Inertial Frame Determination from Hipparcos Observations of Minor Planets

1993 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
D. Hestroffer
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Frame ◽  
Frame Analysis ◽  
Minor Planets ◽  
Orbital Elements ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Good Determination ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

Observations of 48 minor planets by Hipparcos should lead to a good determination of the inertial reference frame. Analysis of one year observations showed periodic effects in the o-c due to a rotation between the Hipparcos system and the inertial system. By extending this result to a 2.5 years simulation and by studying the impact of added ground-based observations, it appears that the orbital elements of the Earth and the parameters of a rotation of the system can be obtained with an accuracy better than 5 mas.

Competition Policy under Economic Crisis

2009 ◽  
pp. 54-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Shastitko ◽  
S. Avdasheva ◽  
S. Golovanova
Keyword(s):  
Division Of Labor ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Competition Policy ◽  
Transition Economy ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Price Rigidity ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
The Impact

The analysis of competition policy under economic crisis is motivated by the fact that competition is a key factor for the level of productivity. The latter, in its turn, influences the scope and length of economic recession. In many Russian markets buyers' gains decline because of the weakness of competition, since suppliers are reluctant to cut prices in spite of the decreasing demand. Data on prices in Russia and abroad in the second half of 2008 show asymmetric price rigidity. At least two questions are important under economic crisis: the 'division of labor' between pro-active and protective tools of competition policy and the impact of anti-crisis policy on competition. Protective competition policy is insufficient in transition economy, especially in the days of crisis it should be supplemented with the well-designed industrial policy measures which do not contradict the goals of competition. The preferable tools of anti-crisis policy are also those that do not restrain competition.

Assessment of sensitivity of the efficiency of regional tax spending towards investment attractiveness of the types of economic activity carried out by the residents of advanced development territory

2020 ◽  
pp. 98-110
Author(s):  
Evgeniya Mikhailovna Popova ◽  
Guzel Mukhtarovna Guseinova ◽  
Sergei Borisovich Milov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Investment Process ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Advanced Development

The deficit of subnational budgets and deceleration capital investments in multiple Russian regions increase the relevance of research aimed at improvement of tax incentivizing practice of the regional investment process. The studies focused on determination of the impact of socioeconomic and institutional factors upon the efficiency of investment tax expenses obtained wide circulation within the foreign scientific literature. The subject of this article is the assessment of sensitivity of the efficiency of regional tax expanses towards investment attractiveness of the types of economic activity carried out by the residents of territories of advanced socioeconomic development, created in the subjects of Far Easter Federal District. The scientific novelty and practical values of this research consists in substantiation of the reasonableness of assessment of investment attractiveness of the types of economic activity that are stimulated by tax incentives. Methodology for assessing investment attractiveness is proposed and tested. The conclusion is made that in case of low investment attractiveness of the type of economic activity, which was planned to support by tax incentives, it is required to conduct and additional analysis to avoid unjustified tax expanses.

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