scholarly journals Optimization of Thermoplastic Blend Matrix HDPE/PLA with Different Nature and Level of Coupling Agent

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessia Quitadamo ◽  
Valérie Massardier ◽  
Carlo Santulli ◽  
Marco Valente
Keyword(s):  
Random Copolymer ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Thermomechanical Analysis ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
Good Starting Point ◽  
The One

High density polyethylene (HDPE) and poly(lactic) acid (PLA) blends with different ratios of both polymers, namely 30:70, 50:50 and 70:30, were produced. Polyethylene grafted maleic anhydride and a random copolymer of ethylene and glycidyl methacrylate, were also proposed as compatibilizers to modify HDPE-PLA optimal blends and were added in the amounts of 1, 3 and 5 wt.%. Blends properties have been evaluated through different aspects by performing tensile tests, scanning electron microscopy to analyze blend morphology and interfaces, and thermomechanical analysis through differential scanning calorimetry, thermo-gravimetric analyses and infrared spectroscopy. The second blend, the one with equal amounts of HDPE and PLA seems to represent a good balance between high amount of bio-derived charge and acceptable mechanical properties. This suggests a good potential of these blends, which would be a good starting point for the production of composites with lingo-cellulosic fillers.

scholarly journals Optimization of Thermoplastic Blend Matrix HDPE/PLA with Different Types and Levels of Coupling Agents

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessia Quitadamo ◽  
Valérie Massardier ◽  
Carlo Santulli ◽  
Marco Valente
Keyword(s):  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Random Copolymer ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Thermomechanical Analysis ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Good Potential

High-density polyethylene (HDPE) and poly(lactic) acid (PLA) blends with different ratios of both polymers, namely, 30:70, 50:50, and 70:30, were produced. Polyethylene-grafted maleic anhydride and a random copolymer of ethylene and glycidyl methacrylate were also considered as compatibilizers to modify HDPE/PLA optimal blends and were added in the amounts of 1, 3, and 5 wt.%. Different properties of the blends were evaluated by performing tensile tests and scanning electron microscopy to analyze blend and interfaces morphology. Moreover, thermomechanical analysis through differential scanning calorimetry, thermo-gravimetric analysis, and infrared spectroscopy were also performed. The blend containing equal amounts of HDPE and PLA seemed to present a good balance between amount of bio-derived charge and acceptable mechanical properties. This suggests that these blends have a good potential for the production of composites with lingo-cellulosic fillers.

scholarly journals Eco-Friendly Approach and Potential Biodegradable Polymer Matrix for WPC Composite Materials in Outdoor Application

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessia Quitadamo ◽  
Valerie Massardier ◽  
Marco Valente
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Blend ◽  
Glycidyl Methacrylate ◽  
Wood Flour ◽  
Random Copolymer ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Polymer Interfaces ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Outdoor Application

Blends based on high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and poly(lactic) acid (PLA) with different ratios of both polymers were produced: a blend with equal amounts of HDPE and PLA, hence 50 wt.% each, proved to be a useful compromise, allowing a high amount of bioderived charge without this being too detrimental for mechanical properties and considering its possibility to biodegradation behaviour in outdoor application. In this way, an optimal blend suitable for producing a composite with cellulosic fillers is proposed. In the selected polymer blend, wood flour (WF) was added as a natural filler in the proportion of 20, 30, and 40 wt.%, considering as 100 the weight of the polymer blend matrix. There are two compatibilizers to modify both HDPE-PLA blend and wood-flour/polymer interfaces, i.e., polyethylene-grafted maleic anhydride and a random copolymer of ethylene and glycidyl methacrylate. The most suitable percentage of compatibilizer for HDPE-PLA blends appears to be 3 wt.%, which was selected also for use with wood flour. In order to evaluate properties of blends and composites tensile tests, scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analyses, and infrared spectroscopy have been performed. Wood flour seems to affect heavy blend behaviour in process production of material suggesting that future studies are needed to reduce defectiveness.

The Palestinian Knot: The ‘New Anti-Semitism’, Islamophobia and the Question of Postcolonial Europe

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-120
Author(s):  
Monika Bobako
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Negative Feedback ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Negative Feedback Loop ◽  
Anti Semitism ◽  
Jewish Intellectual ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Good Starting Point ◽  
The One ◽  
Anti Jewish

In the course of 20th-century European history Jews and Arabs, as well as Jews and Muslims, were put in the position of a ‘civilizational’ conflict that is not only political but also quasi-metaphysical. This article examines an impact of the conflict on the attitudes towards anti-Semitism and Islamophobia and considers Islamophobic implications of the ‘new anti-Semitism’ discourse. A thesis of the text is that both the struggle against anti-Semitism and Islamophobia and the one against the mechanism creating, in certain circumstances, a kind of negative feedback loop between them requires not only opposing the anti-Jewish and anti-Muslim prejudices, but also a deep, critical reconsideration of the concepts of Europeanness that lie at their foundation. The author suggests that a good starting point for this reconsideration might be the postcolonial reading of the Jewish intellectual tradition, especially the one focusing on the figure of the Mizrahi Jew.

Properties of poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) film modified by blending with polyurethane

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo-Quan Zhu ◽  
Fa-Gang Wang ◽  
Hong-Sheng Tan ◽  
Qiao-Chun Gao ◽  
Yu-Ying Liu
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Glycolic Acid ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Blend Films ◽  
Surface Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Morphologies ◽  
And Chemical Properties

AbstractA number of poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid)/polyurethane (PLGA/PU) blend films with various PU mole contents were prepared by casting the polymer blend solution in chloroform. The surface morphologies of the PLGA/PU blend films were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The thermal, mechanical and chemical properties of the PLGA/PU blend films were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), tensile tests and surface contact angle tests. The results revealed that the introduction of PU could markedly modify the properties of PLGA films.

scholarly journals Influence of the Lignin Content on the Properties of Poly(Lactic Acid)/lignin-Containing Cellulose Nanofibrils Composite Films

Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Wang ◽  
Yuan Jia ◽  
Zhen Liu ◽  
Jiaojiao Miao
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibrils ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Nucleating Agent ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/lignin-containing cellulose nanofibrils (L-CNFs) composite films with different lignin contents were produced bythe solution casting method. The effect of the lignin content on the mechanical, thermal, and crystallinity properties, and PLA/LCNFs interfacial adhesion wereinvestigated by tensile tests, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The tensile strength and modulus of the PLA/9-LCNFs (9 wt % lignin LCNFs) composites are 37% and 61% higher than those of pure PLA, respectively. The glass transition temperature (Tg) decreases from 61.2 for pure PLA to 52.6 °C for the PLA/14-LCNFs (14 wt % lignin LCNFs) composite, and the composites have higher thermal stability below 380 °C than pure PLA. The DSC results indicate that the LCNFs, containing different lignin contents, act as a nucleating agent to increase the degree of crystallinity of PLA. The effect of the LCNFs lignin content on the PLA/LCNFs compatibility/adhesion was confirmed by the FTIR, SEM, and Tg results. Increasing the LCNFs lignin content increases the storage modulus of the PLA/LCNFs composites to a maximum for the PLA/9-LCNFs composite. This study shows that the lignin content has a considerable effect on the strength and flexibility of PLA/LCNFs composites.

scholarly journals Study of Mechanical Properties of PHBHV/Miscanthus Green Composites Using Combined Experimental and Micromechanical Approaches

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 2650
Author(s):  
Thibault Lemaire ◽  
Erica Gea Rodi ◽  
Valérie Langlois ◽  
Estelle Renard ◽  
Vittorio Sansalone
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Specific Class ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Green Wood ◽  
Miscanthus Giganteus ◽  
The One

In recent years the interest in the realization of green wood plastic composites (GWPC) materials has increased due to the necessity of reducing the proliferation of synthetic plastics. In this work, we study a specific class of GWPCs from its synthesis to the characterization of its mechanical properties. These properties are related to the underlying microstructure using both experimental and modeling approaches. Different contents of Miscanthus giganteus fibers, at 5, 10, 20, 30 weight percent’s, were thus combined to a microbial matrix, namely poly (3-hydroxybutyrate)-co-poly(3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBHV). The samples were manufactured by extrusion and injection molding processing. The obtained samples were then characterized by cyclic-tensile tests, pycnometer testing, differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and microscopy. The possible effect of the fabrication process on the fibers size is also checked. In parallel, the measured properties of the biocomposite were also estimated using a Mori–Tanaka approach to derive the effective behavior of the composite. As expected, the addition of reinforcement to the polymer matrix results in composites with higher Young moduli on the one hand, and lower failure strains and tensile strengths on the other hand (tensile modulus was increased by 100% and tensile strength decreased by 23% when reinforced with 30 wt % of Miscanthus fibers).

scholarly journals Development, Fabrication, and Characterization of Composite Polycaprolactone Membranes Reinforced with TiO2 Nanoparticles

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina del Ángel-Sánchez ◽  
César I. Borbolla-Torres ◽  
Luis M. Palacios-Pineda ◽  
Nicolás A. Ulloa-Castillo ◽  
Alex Elías-Zúñiga
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Experimental Characterization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The One

This paper focuses on developing, fabricating, and characterizing composite polycaprolactone (PCL) membranes reinforced with titanium dioxide nanoparticles (NPs) elaborated by using two solvents; acetic acid and a mixture of chloroform and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF). The resulting physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of the composite materials are studied by using experimental characterization techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, contact angle (CA), uniaxial and biaxial tensile tests, and surface roughness measurements. Experimental results show that the composite material synthesized by sol-gel and chloroform-DMF has a better performance than the one obtained by using acetic acid as a solvent.

scholarly journals Influence of Water on Tribological Properties of Wood-Polymer Composites

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Mysiukiewicz ◽  
Tomasz Sterzyński
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Wood Flour ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Wood Polymer ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Good Starting Point ◽  
Wood Polymer Composites

AbstractUtilization of ecological materials for appliances and products is one of the ways to achieve the goal of sustainability.Wood-polymer composites as a cheap, lightweight, durable and esthetic material has gained attention of scientists, engineers and consumers alike. Different kinds of polymeric matrices, plants used as the fillers, chemical of physical modifiers and processing technologies have already been widely studied. Nonetheless, surprisingly few information on Wood-Polymer Composites’ tribology can be found. This paper is an attempt to fill this gap. Polypropylene-and poly(lactic acid)-based composites with varying wood flour content have been analyzed. The Brinell’s hardness and coefficient of friction of the samples have been determined. In order to evaluate the influence of the moisture content on the tribological and mechanical properties of the composites, the samples have also been aged in water. The investigation revealed that polymeric composites filled with wood flour can present favorable coefficient of friction, compared to the neat resins. The results of our study can establish a good starting point for further investigation.

scholarly journals E-Beam Effects on Poly(Xylitol Dicarboxylate-co-diol Dicarboxylate) Elastomers Tailored by Adjusting Monomer Chain Length

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1765
Author(s):  
Marta Piątek-Hnat ◽  
Kuba Bomba ◽  
Janusz P. Kowalski-Stankiewicz ◽  
Jakub Pęksiński ◽  
Agnieszka Kozłowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrolytic Degradation ◽  
Sebacic Acid ◽  
Dicarboxylic Acids ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Thermomechanical Analysis ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Radiation Modification ◽  
Chain Lengths ◽  
Fraction Determination

Poly(xylitol dicarboxylate-co-diol dicarboxylate) elastomers can by synthesized using wide variety of monomers with different chain lengths. Obtained materials are all biodegradable, thermally stable elastomers, but their specific properties like glass transition temperature, degradation susceptibility, and mechanical moduli can be tailored for a specific application. Therefore, we synthesized eight elastomers using a combination of two dicarboxylic acids, namely suberic and sebacic acid, and four different diols, namely ethanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-buanediol, and 1,5-pentanediol. Materials were further modified by e-beam treatment with a dose of 100 kGy. Materials both before and after radiation modification were tested using tensile tests, gel fraction determination, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR. Thermal properties were tested by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Dynamic Thermomechanical Analysis (DMTA) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). Degradation susceptibility to both enzymatic and hydrolytic degradation was also determined.

scholarly journals Morphology, Thermo-Mechanical Properties and Biodegradibility of PCL/PLA Blends Reactively Compatibilized by Different Organic Peroxides

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4205
Author(s):  
Marta Przybysz-Romatowska ◽  
Mateusz Barczewski ◽  
Szymon Mania ◽  
Agnieszka Tercjak ◽  
Józef Haponiuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Organic Peroxide ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Organic Peroxides ◽  
Reactive Blending ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Tert Butyl ◽  
Reactive Modification

Reactive blending is a promising approach for the sustainable development of bio-based polymer blends and composites, which currently is gaining more and more attention. In this paper, biodegradable blends based on poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) were prepared via reactive blending performed in an internal mixer. The PCL and PLA content varied in a ratio of 70/30 and 55/45. Reactive modification of PCL/PLA via liquid organic peroxides (OP) including 0.5 wt.% of tert-butyl cumyl peroxide (BU), 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di-(tert-butylperoxy)-hexane (HX), and tert-butyl peroxybenzoate (PB) is reported. The materials were characterized by rotational rheometer, atomic force microscopy (AFM), thermogravimetry (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), tensile tests and biodegradability tests. It was found that the application of peroxides improves the miscibility between PCL and PLA resulted in enhanced mechanical properties and more uniform morphology. Moreover, it was observed that the biodegradation rate of PCL/PLA blends reactively compatibilized was lower comparing to unmodified samples and strongly dependent on the blend ratio and peroxide structure. The presented results confirmed that reactive blending supported by organic peroxide is a promising approach for tailoring novel biodegradable polymeric systems with controllable biodegradation rates.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document