scholarly journals Characterization of Collagens Fibers (I, III, IV) and Elastin in the Extracellular Matrix of Normal and Neoplastic Canine Prostatic Tissues

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Gabriel Rivera Calderón ◽  
Priscila Emiko Kobayashi ◽  
Rosemeri Oliveira Vasconcelos ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Fonseca-Alves ◽  
Renee Laufer-Amorim
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Basal Membrane ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Normal Prostate ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Imagej Software ◽  
Area Percentage

Collagen (Coll) is the most common protein in the extracellular matrix, responsible for providing tissue structure and support. In some types of cancer, including prostate cancer (PC) Coll deregulation was described and related to tumor progression and metastasis. This study aimed to investigate Coll-I, III, IV and elastin in canine normal prostate and PC, using Picrosirius red (PSR) and Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. Eight normal prostates and 10 PC from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples were used. Collagen fibers area was analyzed with ImageJ software. The distribution of Coll-I and Coll-III was approximately 80% around prostatic ducts and acini, 15% among smooth muscle and 5% around in blood vessels, in both normal prostate and PC. Immunostaining for Coll-IV was observed in the basal membrane of prostate acini, smooth muscle, blood vessels, and never fibers of normal and PC samples. Elastic fibers were found in the septa dividing the lobules and around the prostatic acini of normal samples. A high amount of elastic fibers was observed around the ducts and the urethra in normal and PC. The distribution and area percentage of staining for collagen are similar in normal and neoplastic canine prostate when analyzed with PSR and IHC.

scholarly journals Characterization of Collagens Fibers (I, III, IV) and Elastin in the Extracellular Matrix of Normal and Neoplastic Canine Prostate

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Gabriel Rivera Calderón ◽  
Priscila Emiko Kobayashi ◽  
Rosemeri Oliveira Vasconcelos ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Fonseca-Alves ◽  
Renee Laufer-Amorim
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Basal Membrane ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Normal Prostate ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Imagej Software

Collagen (Coll) is the most common protein in the extracellular matrix, responsible for providing tissue structure and support. In some types of cancer, including prostate cancer (PC) abundant collagen was identified and related to tumor progression and metastasis. This study aimed to investigate Coll-I, III, IV and elastin in normal canine prostatic tissue and PC, using the Picrosirius red (PSR) and Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. Eight normal prostates and 10 PC from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples were used. Collagen fibers area was analyzed with ImageJ software. The distribution of Coll-I and Col-III was approximately 80% around prostatic ducts and acini, 15% among smooth muscle and 5% around in blood vessels, in both normal prostate and PC. Immunostaining for type IV collagen was observed in the basal membrane of prostate acini, smooth muscle, blood vessels, and never fibers of normal and PC samples. Elastic fibers were found in the septa dividing the lobules and around the prostatic acini of normal samples. A high amount of elastic fibers was observed around the ducts and the urethra in normal and canine PC. The distribution and area percentage of staining for collagen are similar in normal and neoplastic canine prostate when analyzed with PSR and IHC.

scholarly journals Characterization of Collagens Fibers (I, III, IV) and Elastin of Normal and Neoplastic Canine Prostatic Tissues

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Gabriel Rivera Calderón ◽  
Priscila Emiko Kobayashi ◽  
Rosemeri Oliveira Vasconcelos ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Fonseca-Alves ◽  
Renee Laufer-Amorim
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Normal Tissue ◽  
Basal Membrane ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Normal Prostate ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Median Area ◽  
Imagej Software

This study aimed to investigate Coll-I, III, IV and elastin in canine normal prostate and PC, using Picrosirius red (PSR) and Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. Eight normal prostates and 10 PC from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples were used. Collagen fibers area was analyzed with ImageJ software. The distribution of Coll-I and Coll-III was approximately 80% around prostatic ducts and acini, 15% among smooth muscle and 5% surrounding blood vessels, in both normal prostate and PC. There was a higher median area of Coll-III in PC, when compared to normal prostatic tissue (p=0.001 for PSR and p= 0.05 for IHC). Immunostaining for Coll-IV was observed in the basal membrane of prostate acini, smooth muscle, blood vessels, and nerve fibers of normal and PC samples. Although there was no difference in Coll-IV area between normal tissue and PC, tumors with Gleason score 10 showed absence of Coll-IV, when compared to scores 6 and 8 (p=0.0095). Elastic fibers were found in the septa dividing the lobules and around the prostatic acini of normal samples, and was statistically higher in PC, compared to normal tissue (p=0.00229). Investigation of ECM components brings new information and should be correlated with prognosis in future studies.

scholarly journals Characterization of Collagen Fibers (I, III, IV) and Elastin of Normal and Neoplastic Canine Prostatic Tissues

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Gabriel Rivera Calderón ◽  
Priscila Emiko Kobayashi ◽  
Rosemeri Oliveira Vasconcelos ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Fonseca-Alves ◽  
Renée Laufer-Amorim
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Normal Tissue ◽  
Basal Membrane ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Normal Prostate ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Imagej Software

This study aimed to investigate collagen (Coll-I, III, IV) and elastin in canine normal prostate and prostate cancer (PC) using Picrosirius red (PSR) and Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. Eight normal prostates and 10 PC from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples were used. Collagen fibers area was analyzed with ImageJ software. The distribution of Coll-I and Coll-III was approximately 80% around prostatic ducts and acini, 15% among smooth muscle, and 5% surrounding blood vessels, in both normal prostate and PC. There was a higher median area of Coll-III in PC when compared to normal prostatic tissue (p = 0.001 for PSR and p = 0.05 for IHC). Immunostaining for Coll-IV was observed in the basal membrane of prostate acini, smooth muscle, blood vessels, and nerve fibers of normal and PC samples. Although there was no difference in Coll-IV area between normal tissue and PC, tumors with Gleason score 10 showed absence of Coll-IV, when compared to scores 6 and 8 (p = 0.0095). Elastic fibers were found in the septa dividing the lobules and around the prostatic acini of normal samples and were statistically higher in PC compared to normal tissue (p = 0.00229). Investigation of ECM components brings new information and should be correlated with prognosis in future studies.

scholarly journals Whole transcriptome analysis identifies differentially regulated networks between osteosarcoma and normal bone samples

2017 ◽  
Vol 242 (18) ◽  
pp. 1802-1811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Dung Ho ◽  
Phuong Phung ◽  
Van Q Le ◽  
Van H Nguyen ◽  
Ene Reimann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Collagen Biosynthesis ◽  
Normal Bone ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Fresh Frozen ◽  
Whole Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Whole Transcriptome ◽  
Formalin Fixed

We performed whole transcriptome analysis of osteosarcoma bone samples. Initially, we sequenced total RNA from 36 fresh-frozen samples (18 tumoral bone samples and 18 non-tumoral paired samples) matching in pairs for each osteosarcoma patient. We also performed independent gene expression analysis of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples to verify the RNAseq results. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples allowed us to analyze the effect of chemotherapy. Data were analyzed with DESeq2, edgeR and Reactome packages of R. We found 5365 genes expressed differentially between the normal bone and osteosarcoma tissues with an FDR below 0.05, of which 3399 genes were upregulated and 1966 were downregulated. Among those genes, BTNL9, MMP14, ABCA10, ACACB, COL11A1, and PKM2 were expressed differentially with the highest significance between tumor and normal bone. Functional annotation with the reactome identified significant changes in the pathways related to the extracellular matrix degradation and collagen biosynthesis. It was suggested that chemotherapy may induce the modification of ECM with important collagen biosynthesis. Taken together, our results indicate that changes in the degradation of extracellular matrix seem to be an important mechanism of osteosarcoma and efficient chemotherapy induces the genes related to bone formation. Impact statement Osteosarcoma is a rare disease but it is of interest to many scientists all over the world because the current standard treatment still has poor results. We sequenced total RNA from 36 fresh-frozen paired samples (18 tumoral bone samples and 18 non-tumoral paired samples) from osteosarcoma patients. We found that differences in the gene expressions between the normal and affected bones reflected the changes in the regulation of the degradation of collagen and extracellular matrix. We believe that these findings contribute to the understanding of OS and suggest ideas for further studies.

scholarly journals Effects of chronic l-NAME treatment lung tissue mechanics, eosinophilic and extracellular matrix responses induced by chronic pulmonary inflammation

2008 ◽  
Vol 294 (6) ◽  
pp. L1197-L1205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Angeli ◽  
Carla M. Prado ◽  
Débora G. Xisto ◽  
Pedro L. Silva ◽  
Caroline P. Pássaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Pulmonary Inflammation ◽  
Elastic Fiber ◽  
Tissue Mechanics ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Distal Lung ◽  
Alveolar Septa

The importance of lung tissue in asthma pathophysiology has been recently recognized. Although nitric oxide mediates smooth muscle tonus control in airways, its effects on lung tissue responsiveness have not been investigated previously. We hypothesized that chronic nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibition by Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) may modulate lung tissue mechanics and eosinophil and extracellular matrix remodeling in guinea pigs with chronic pulmonary inflammation. Animals were submitted to seven saline or ovalbumin exposures with increasing doses (1∼5 mg/ml for 4 wk) and treated or not with l-NAME in drinking water. After the seventh inhalation (72 h), animals were anesthetized and exsanguinated, and oscillatory mechanics of lung tissue strips were performed in baseline condition and after ovalbumin challenge (0.1%). Using morphometry, we assessed the density of eosinophils, neuronal NOS (nNOS)- and inducible NOS (iNOS)-positive distal lung cells, smooth muscle cells, as well as collagen and elastic fibers in lung tissue. Ovalbumin-exposed animals had an increase in baseline and maximal tissue resistance and elastance, eosinophil density, nNOS- and iNOS-positive cells, the amount of collagen and elastic fibers, and isoprostane-8-PGF2α expression in the alveolar septa compared with controls ( P < 0.05). l-NAME treatment in ovalbumin-exposed animals attenuated lung tissue mechanical responses ( P < 0.01), nNOS- and iNOS-positive cells, elastic fiber content ( P < 0.001), and isoprostane-8-PGF2α in the alveolar septa ( P < 0.001). However, this treatment did not affect the total number of eosinophils and collagen deposition. These data suggest that NO contributes to distal lung parenchyma constriction and to elastic fiber deposition in this model. One possibility may be related to the effects of NO activating the oxidative stress pathway.

scholarly journals Different DNA methylome, transcriptome and histological features in uterine fibroids with and without MED12 mutations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Maekawa ◽  
Shun Sato ◽  
Tetsuro Tamehisa ◽  
Takahiro Sakai ◽  
Takuya Kajimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Uterine Fibroids ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Histological Features ◽  
Dna Methylome

Abstract Background: Somatic mutations in Mediator complex subunit 12 (MED12m) have been reported as a biomarker of uterine fibroids (UFs). However, the role of MED12m is still unclear in the pathogenesis of UFs. Therefore, we investigated the differences in DNA methylome, transcriptome, and histological features between MED12m-positive and -negative UFs. Methods: DNA methylomes and transcriptomes were obtained from MED12m-positive and -negative UFs and myometrium, and hierarchically clustered. Differentially expressed genes in comparison with the myometrium and co-expressed genes detected by weighted gene co-expression network analysis were subjected to gene ontology enrichment analyses. The amounts of collagen fibers and the number of blood vessels and smooth muscle cells were histologically evaluated. Results: Hierarchical clustering based on DNA methylation clearly separated the myometrium, MED12m-positive, and MED12m-negative UFs. MED12m-positive UFs had the increased activities of extracellular matrix formation, whereas MED12m-negative UFs had the increased angiogenic activities and smooth muscle cell proliferation. Conclusion: The MED12m-positive and -negative UFs had different DNA methylation, gene expression, and histological features. The MED12m-positive UFs form the tumor with a rich extracellular matrix and poor blood vessels and smooth muscle cells compared to the MED12m-negative UFs, suggesting MED12 mutations affect the tissue composition of UFs.

Immunohistochemical Demonstration of Desmin in Canine Smooth Muscle Tumors

1987 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. B. Andreasen ◽  
E. A. Mahaffey
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Positive Staining ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Smooth Muscle Tumors ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Immunohistochemical Methods ◽  
Formalin Fixed ◽  
Immunohistochemical Identification ◽  
Avidin Biotin Complex

Sections of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded canine leiomyomas, leiomyosarcomas, or fibrosarcomas were examined by immunohistochemical methods for the presence of desmin. Twenty-two leiomyomas and leiomyosarcomas were stained using the avidin-biotin complex technique, and 14 samples demonstrated positive staining for desmin. The eight negative results obtained may reflect differences in fixation or the affinity of the primary antibody for the tissues examined. Desmin was specific for myogenic tissues. Five canine fibrosarcomas examined immunohistochemically were all negative for desmin staining. The results indicate that desmin is a useful marker for immunohistochemical identification of canine leiomyomas and leiomyosarcomas.

Abstract 124: Integrated Omics Approaches to Elucidate Targets of Cyclic AMP-Epac-Rap1A Signaling in Microvascular Smooth Muscle Cells: Identification of Role in Production and Deposition of Extracellular Matrix Fibrillar Collagen

2016 ◽  
Vol 119 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maqsood A Chotani
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Small Gtpase ◽  
Cytoskeletal Proteins ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Fibrillar Collagen ◽  
Healthy Human

Objective: Intracellular signaling by cyclic AMP (cAMP) has an essential role in vascular smooth muscle (VSM) physiology, including relaxation of large blood vessels such as aorta and pulmonary artery. Studies support a mechanism of signaling through e xchange p rotein a ctivated by c AMP (epac) and Ras-related small GTPase Rap1B down-regulation of RhoA activity. The role of cAMP in small blood vessels however was not examined, and remained unknown. This study elucidated the targets of cAMP signaling in peripheral blood vessels, specifically VSM explanted from healthy human (h) cutaneous arterioles and mouse (m) tail artery (microVSM). Results: Global changes in protein expression were assessed by Differential-in-Gel Electrophoresis in quiescent (h)-microVSM treated with the adenylate cyclase activator and cAMP elevating agent forskolin (10 μM, 30 min or 18 hr). Detectable changes were observed in proteins associated with the cytoskeleton, stress-response, protein-synthesis, -folding, -membrane transport, and extracellular matrix. Notably, actin modulating proteins caldesmon, ezrin-moesin, zyxin, gelsolin, and α-adducin, as well as cytoskeletal proteins, tubulin and vimentin were differentially expressed ( P< 0.05; 3-5 replicates). These results agreed with our recent demonstration of cAMP activation of epac-Rap1A, and RhoA-ROCK-F-actin signaling in (h)- and (m)-microVSM to increase expression and cell surface transport of functional α 2C -adrenoceptors (α 2C -ARs) that mediate vasoconstriction. Transcriptome analysis of Rap1A-null (knockout) (m)-microVSM transduced with constitutively active Rap1A showed connections to signaling linked to vessel production and deposition of extracellular matrix fibrillar collagen, compared with control cells ( P< 0.05, 4 replicates). Conclusions: Rap1 subtypes have a discrete role in the vasculature. This study links cAMP-Rap1A signaling to collagen and α 2C -AR expression in arteriole VSM. It suggests over-activation of Rap1A-coupled signaling in the peripheral circulation during chronic inflammation could lead to increased α 2C -AR mediated vessel reactivity, progressive perivascular fibrosis, and dysfunction as seen in human pathologies such as Raynaud’s phenomenon and scleroderma.

scholarly journals Blood microvasculature and lymphatic densities in endometrial polyps and adjacent and distant endometrium

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 205031211876128
Author(s):  
Njume Peter Nijkang ◽  
Lyndal Anderson ◽  
Robert Markham ◽  
Ian Stewart Fraser ◽  
Frank Manconi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessel ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Normal Endometrium ◽  
Endometrial Polyps ◽  
Small Blood Vessel ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Embedded Blocks ◽  
Abnormal Bleeding ◽  
And Control

Objective: Endometrial polyps are localised growths of endometrial tissue containing glands, stroma and blood vessels, covered with epithelium. The reported prevalence of endometrial polyps is dependent upon the population being studied and the uterine imaging technique utilised. The light microscopy literature provides very little information regarding their microvasculature and lymphatic systems; however, a plethora of ultrasound data demonstrating single central arteries in most medium- or large-sized endometrial polyps are well documented. Methods: Archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded blocks of endometrial curettings were retrieved from files for women with confirmed endometrial polyps ( n = 20) and women with normal endometrium (control endometrium; n = 32). Immunohistochemistry was performed with the antibodies CD31 (blood vessels) and D2-40 (lymphatics). Blood vessels and lymphatics were quantified in endometrial polyps and adjacent, distant and control endometrium. Results: CD31 and D2-40 staining was present in all specimens, although there were no significant differences in blood vessel ( F(3,70) = 2.36, p = 0.079) and lymphatic ( F(3,70) = 0.16, p = 0.920) densities between endometrial polyps as well as adjacent, distant and control endometrium. There were also no significant differences in women with endometrial polyp-associated bleeding and those with no bleeding. In relation to infertility, there were no significant differences found in blood and lymphatic densities between women with endometrial polyps who were infertile and those with endometrial polyps who were fertile. Conclusion: Small blood vessel wall and perivascular structures rather than the distribution of vessels may be associated with abnormal bleeding.

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