scholarly journals Blood microvasculature and lymphatic densities in endometrial polyps and adjacent and distant endometrium

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 205031211876128
Author(s):  
Njume Peter Nijkang ◽  
Lyndal Anderson ◽  
Robert Markham ◽  
Ian Stewart Fraser ◽  
Frank Manconi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessel ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Normal Endometrium ◽  
Endometrial Polyps ◽  
Small Blood Vessel ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Embedded Blocks ◽  
Abnormal Bleeding ◽  
And Control

Objective: Endometrial polyps are localised growths of endometrial tissue containing glands, stroma and blood vessels, covered with epithelium. The reported prevalence of endometrial polyps is dependent upon the population being studied and the uterine imaging technique utilised. The light microscopy literature provides very little information regarding their microvasculature and lymphatic systems; however, a plethora of ultrasound data demonstrating single central arteries in most medium- or large-sized endometrial polyps are well documented. Methods: Archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded blocks of endometrial curettings were retrieved from files for women with confirmed endometrial polyps ( n = 20) and women with normal endometrium (control endometrium; n = 32). Immunohistochemistry was performed with the antibodies CD31 (blood vessels) and D2-40 (lymphatics). Blood vessels and lymphatics were quantified in endometrial polyps and adjacent, distant and control endometrium. Results: CD31 and D2-40 staining was present in all specimens, although there were no significant differences in blood vessel ( F(3,70) = 2.36, p = 0.079) and lymphatic ( F(3,70) = 0.16, p = 0.920) densities between endometrial polyps as well as adjacent, distant and control endometrium. There were also no significant differences in women with endometrial polyp-associated bleeding and those with no bleeding. In relation to infertility, there were no significant differences found in blood and lymphatic densities between women with endometrial polyps who were infertile and those with endometrial polyps who were fertile. Conclusion: Small blood vessel wall and perivascular structures rather than the distribution of vessels may be associated with abnormal bleeding.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Profiling Reveals New Insights into the Immune Microenvironment and Upregulation of Novel Biomarkers in Metastatic Uveal Melanoma

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yamini Krishna ◽  
Amelia Acha-Sagredo ◽  
Dorota Sabat-Pośpiech ◽  
Natalie Kipling ◽  
Kim Clarke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Uveal Melanoma ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Epithelioid Cell ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Galectin 3 ◽  
Novel Biomarkers ◽  
And Control ◽  
Infiltrating Lymphocytes

Metastatic uveal melanoma (mUM) to the liver is incurable. Transcriptome profiling of 40 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded mUM liver resections and 6 control liver specimens was undertaken. mUMs were assessed for morphology, nuclear BAP1 (nBAP1) expression, and their tumour microenvironments (TME) using an “immunoscore” (absent/altered/high) for tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and macrophages (TAMs). Transcriptomes were compared between mUM and control liver; intersegmental and intratumoural analyses were also undertaken. Most mUM were epithelioid cell-type (75%), amelanotic (55%), and nBAP1-ve (70%). They had intermediate (68%) or absent (15%) immunoscores for TILs and intermediate (53%) or high (45%) immunoscores for TAMs. M2-TAMs were dominant in the mUM-TME, with upregulated expression of ANXA1, CD74, CXCR4, MIF, STAT3, PLA2G6, and TGFB1. Compared to control liver, mUM showed significant (p < 0.01) upregulation of 10 genes: DUSP4, PRAME, CD44, IRF4/MUM1, BCL2, CD146/MCAM/MUC18, IGF1R, PNMA1, MFGE8/lactadherin, and LGALS3/Galectin-3. Protein expression of DUSP4, CD44, IRF4, BCL-2, CD146, and IGF1R was validated in all mUMs, whereas protein expression of PRAME was validated in 10% cases; LGALS3 stained TAMs, and MFGEF8 highlighted bile ducts only. Intersegmental mUMs show differing transcriptomes, whereas those within a single mUM were similar. Our results show that M2-TAMs dominate mUM-TME with upregulation of genes contributing to immunosuppression. mUM significantly overexpress genes with targetable signalling pathways, and yet these may differ between intersegmental lesions.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Hepatic/Non-Hepatic Cystic Echinococ-cosis in Baqiyatallah Hospital, Tehran, Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamidreza NEYSI ◽  
Tahereh MOHAMMADZADEH ◽  
Seyed Mahmoud SADJJADI ◽  
Jamal AKHAVANMOGHADDAM ◽  
Alireza SHAMSAEI
Keyword(s):  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Sequence Alignments ◽  
Oxidase Gene ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Embedded Blocks ◽  
Related Genotype ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Organ Tropism ◽  
Formalin Fixed

Background: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a worldwide zoonotic helminthic disease caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus. The infection is particularly important in terms of economic and medico-veterinary aspects in endemic areas including Iran. Considering the possibility of organ-tropism in E. granulosus strains, the present study was aimed to identify the genotypes of E. granulosus in different organs involved in patients, undergone surgery in Baqiyatallah Hospital, Tehran, Iran from 2005-2015. Methods: Overall, 29 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues (FFPT) from patients with histologically confirmed CE including liver (N: 14) lungs (N: 6) abdomen (N: 2), pancreas (N: 2) and each of spleen, gallbladder and, muscles (N: 1) plus unknown organs (N: 2) were used and genetically characterized using polymerase chain reaction, followed by partial sequencing of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase gene subunit 1(cox1) and analyzed. Results: Nineteen out of 29 isolates including liver (N: 6) lungs (N: 4) abdomen (N: 2), pancreas (N: 2) and each of spleen, gallbladder, and muscle (N: 1), unknown organs (N: 2) obtained from paraffin-embedded blocks of human CE created an acceptable sequence in two directions. All 19 isolates regardless of the organ involved were recognized as E. granulosus sensu stricto (G1). Conclusion: The sequence alignments of the isolates displayed two profiles. All sequenced samples showed E. granulosus sensu stricto (G1) with no organ-related genotype.

scholarly journals Roles of Proliferation and Angiogenesis in Locally Aggressive Biologic Behavior of Ameloblastoma versus Ameloblastic Fibroma

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amr Ibrahim ◽  
Emad Elqalshy ◽  
Ahmed El-Mohamadi ◽  
Kamal Abd El-Rahman ◽  
Magdy Alazzazi
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Vascular Density ◽  
Image Analyzer ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Ameloblastic Fibroma ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Embedded Blocks ◽  
The Mean

Background: The present study was carried out to evaluate the roles of proliferation and angiogenesis in locally aggressive biologic behavior of ameloblastoma versus ameloblastic fibroma; Methods: 30 formalin-fixed paraffin embedded blocks (15 cases of ameloblastoma &amp; 15 cases of ameloblastic fibroma) were used. To evaluate the proliferation, the tissue sections were stained with AgNORs stain. CD105 was used as immunohistochemical marker of angiogenesis. Quantitative evaluations of AgNORs were performed. The mean vascular density was evaluated as a measure for CD105 protein expression by using image analyzer computer system; Results: The mean number of AgNORs dots per nucleus was significantly higher in ameloblastoma as compared to ameloblastic fibroma. Also, the protein level of CD105 showed positive expression and wide distribution that the mean vascular density was significantly higher in ameloblastoma as compared to ameloblastic fibroma; Conclusion: Quantitative evaluation of AgNORs stain &amp; the mean vascular density utilizing CD105 protein expression may reflect a higher proliferative activity and a more locally aggressive biologic behavior of ameloblastoma when compared to ameloblastic fibroma, that other factors may be involved in biologic behavior of ameloblastic fibroma.

scholarly journals Ovarian Cancer Translational Activity of the Multicenter Italian Trial in Ovarian Cancer (MITO) Group: Lessons Learned in 10 Years of Experience

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 903
Author(s):  
Daniela Califano ◽  
Daniela Russo ◽  
Giosuè Scognamiglio ◽  
Nunzia Simona Losito ◽  
Anna Spina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Gynecologic Cancer ◽  
Years Of Experience ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Embedded Blocks ◽  
Formalin Fixed

Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological cancer, and despite years of research, with the exception of a BRCA mutation driving the use of PARP inhibitors, no new prognostic/predictive biomarkers are clinically available. Improvement in biomarker selection and validation may derive from the systematic inclusion of translational analyses into the design of clinical trials. In the era of personalized medicine, the prospective centralized collection of high-quality biological material, expert pathological revision, and association to well-controlled clinical data are important or even essential added values to clinical trials. Here, we present the academic experience of the MITO (Multicenter Italian Trial in Ovarian Cancer) group, including gynecologists, pathologists, oncologists, biostatisticians, and translational researchers, whose effort is dedicated to the care and basic/translational research of gynecologic cancer. In our ten years of experience, we have been able to collect and process, for translational analyses, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded blocks from more than one thousand ovarian cancer patients. Standard operating procedures for collection, shipping, and processing were developed and made available to MITO researchers through the coordinating center’s web-based platform. Clinical data were collected through dedicated electronic case report forms hosted in a web-based electronic platform and stored in a central database at the trial’s coordinating center, which performed all the analyses related to the proposed translational researches. During this time, we improved our strategies of block management from retrospective to prospective collection, up to the design of a prospective collection with a quality check for sample eligibility before patients’ accrual. The final aim of our work is to share our experience by suggesting a guideline for the process of centralized collection, revision processing, and storing of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded blocks for translational purposes.

scholarly journals Regional heterogeneity in the reactivity of equine small pulmonary blood vessels

2016 ◽  
Vol 120 (6) ◽  
pp. 599-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Stack ◽  
Frederik J. Derksen ◽  
Kurt J. Williams ◽  
N. Edward Robinson ◽  
William F. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Blood Vessel ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Regional Heterogeneity ◽  
Small Blood Vessel ◽  
Small Vessels

Regional differences in large equine pulmonary artery reactivity exist. It is not known if this heterogeneity extends into small vessels. The hypothesis that there is regional heterogeneity in small pulmonary artery and vein reactivity to sympathomimetics (phenylephrine and isoproterenol) and a parasympathomimetic (methacholine) was tested using wire myography on small vessels from caudodorsal (CD) and cranioventral (CV) lung of 12 horses [9 mares, 3 geldings, 8.67 ± 0.81 (age ± SE) yr, of various breeds that had never raced]. To study relaxation, vessels were precontracted with U46619 (10−6 M). Methacholine mechanism of action was investigated using l-nitroarginine methylester (l-NAME, 100 μM) and indomethacin (10 μM). Phenylephrine did not contract any vessels. Isoproterenol relaxed CD arteries more than CV arteries (maximum relaxation 28.18% and 48.67%; Log IC50 ± SE −7.975 ± 0.1327 and −8.033 ± 0.1635 for CD and CV, respectively, P < 0.0001), but not veins. Methacholine caused contraction of CD arteries (maximum contraction 245.4%, Log EC50 ± SE −6.475 ± 0.3341), and relaxation of CV arteries (maximum relaxation 40.14%, Log IC50 ± SE −6.791 ± 0.1954) and all veins (maximum relaxation 50.62%, Log IC50 ± SE −6.932 ± 0.1986) in a nonregion-dependent manner. l-NAME ( n = 8, P < 0.0001) and indomethacin ( n = 7, P < 0.0001) inhibited methacholine-induced relaxation of CV arteries, whereas indomethacin augmented CD artery contraction ( n = 8, P < 0.0001). Our data demonstrate significant regional heterogeneity in small blood vessel reactivity when comparing the CD to the CV region of the equine lung.

scholarly journals Characterization of Collagens Fibers (I, III, IV) and Elastin in the Extracellular Matrix of Normal and Neoplastic Canine Prostate

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Gabriel Rivera Calderón ◽  
Priscila Emiko Kobayashi ◽  
Rosemeri Oliveira Vasconcelos ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Fonseca-Alves ◽  
Renee Laufer-Amorim
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Basal Membrane ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Normal Prostate ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Imagej Software

Collagen (Coll) is the most common protein in the extracellular matrix, responsible for providing tissue structure and support. In some types of cancer, including prostate cancer (PC) abundant collagen was identified and related to tumor progression and metastasis. This study aimed to investigate Coll-I, III, IV and elastin in normal canine prostatic tissue and PC, using the Picrosirius red (PSR) and Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. Eight normal prostates and 10 PC from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples were used. Collagen fibers area was analyzed with ImageJ software. The distribution of Coll-I and Col-III was approximately 80% around prostatic ducts and acini, 15% among smooth muscle and 5% around in blood vessels, in both normal prostate and PC. Immunostaining for type IV collagen was observed in the basal membrane of prostate acini, smooth muscle, blood vessels, and never fibers of normal and PC samples. Elastic fibers were found in the septa dividing the lobules and around the prostatic acini of normal samples. A high amount of elastic fibers was observed around the ducts and the urethra in normal and canine PC. The distribution and area percentage of staining for collagen are similar in normal and neoplastic canine prostate when analyzed with PSR and IHC.

scholarly journals Characterization of Collagens Fibers (I, III, IV) and Elastin in the Extracellular Matrix of Normal and Neoplastic Canine Prostatic Tissues

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Gabriel Rivera Calderón ◽  
Priscila Emiko Kobayashi ◽  
Rosemeri Oliveira Vasconcelos ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Fonseca-Alves ◽  
Renee Laufer-Amorim
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Basal Membrane ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Normal Prostate ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Imagej Software ◽  
Area Percentage

Collagen (Coll) is the most common protein in the extracellular matrix, responsible for providing tissue structure and support. In some types of cancer, including prostate cancer (PC) Coll deregulation was described and related to tumor progression and metastasis. This study aimed to investigate Coll-I, III, IV and elastin in canine normal prostate and PC, using Picrosirius red (PSR) and Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. Eight normal prostates and 10 PC from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples were used. Collagen fibers area was analyzed with ImageJ software. The distribution of Coll-I and Coll-III was approximately 80% around prostatic ducts and acini, 15% among smooth muscle and 5% around in blood vessels, in both normal prostate and PC. Immunostaining for Coll-IV was observed in the basal membrane of prostate acini, smooth muscle, blood vessels, and never fibers of normal and PC samples. Elastic fibers were found in the septa dividing the lobules and around the prostatic acini of normal samples. A high amount of elastic fibers was observed around the ducts and the urethra in normal and PC. The distribution and area percentage of staining for collagen are similar in normal and neoplastic canine prostate when analyzed with PSR and IHC.

scholarly journals Sensitive and specific immunohistochemistry protocols for detection of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid and spike proteins in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded COVID-19 patient tissues

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunguang Sun ◽  
Linna Ge ◽  
Mary J. Rau ◽  
Mollie D. Patton ◽  
Alexander J. Gallan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Polyclonal Antibodies ◽  
Specific Detection ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Negative Controls ◽  
And Control ◽  
Formalin Fixed ◽  
Spike Proteins

Abstract Human coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a life-threatening and highly contagious disease caused by coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Sensitive and specific detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus in tissues and cells of COVID-19 patients will support investigations of the biologic behavior and tissue and cell tropism of this virus. We identified two commercially available affinity-purified polyclonal antibodies raised against Nucleocapsid and Spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2 that provide sensitive and specific detection of the virus by immunohistochemistry in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue. Protocols are presented that are mutually validated by matched detection patterns of virus-infected cells in autopsy lung tissue of COVID-19 deceased patients by the two distinctly different antibodies. Negative controls include autopsy lung tissue from patient who died from non-COVID-19 respiratory disease and control rabbit immunoglobulin. SARS-CoV-2 detection in human tissues will provide insights into viral tissue and cell distribution and load in patients with active infection as well as provide insight into clearance of virus in late COVID-19 disease stages.

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