scholarly journals Adaptability of Cattle Raising to Multiple Stressors in the Dry Tropics of Chiapas, Mexico

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Roberto Aguilar Jimenez ◽  
Jose Nahed Toral ◽  
Manuel Roberto Parra Vazquez ◽  
Francisco Guevara Hernandez ◽  
Lucio Pat Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Protected Area ◽  
Multiple Stressors ◽  
Sustainable Livelihoods ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Silvopastoral Systems ◽  
Private Land ◽  
Farm Families ◽  
Rural Village ◽  
Dry Tropics

Using the sustainable livelihoods analytical framework, adaptability of cattle raising to multiple stressors (e.g. climate change and market conditions) in the dry tropics of Chiapas, Mexico was evaluated. Three case studies located in the Frailesca region of Chiapas were analyzed: (I) peasant cattle raising in a rural village in the Frailesca Valley; (II) peasant cattle raising in a rural village in a natural protected area in the Frailesca Highlands; and (III) holistic cattle raising by farmers with private land ownership in the Frailesca Valley. Adaptability was evaluated using an index on a scale of one to a hundred; average values were: case I = 20.9 ± 1.4; case II = 32.1 ± 1.8; and case III = 63.6 ± 3.5. In order to increase farms adaptability and reduce the vulnerability of cattle raising families, there is a need to modify public policy to take into account the conditions of the most vulnerable farmers (cases I and II). Given the economic, environmental, and social context of Mexico´s dry tropics, establishing ecological or organic cattle raising and silvopastoral systems may reduce the vulnerability of farm families and increase their level of adaptability of their farms to multiple stressors.

scholarly journals Adaptability of Cattle-Raising to Multiple Stressors in the Dry Tropics of Chiapas, Mexico

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1955
Author(s):  
José Aguilar-Jiménez ◽  
José Nahed-Toral ◽  
Manuel Parra-Vázquez ◽  
Francisco Guevara-Hernández ◽  
Lucio Pat-Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Stressors ◽  
Sustainable Livelihoods ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Private Land ◽  
Farm Families ◽  
Rural Village ◽  
Dry Tropics ◽  
Cultivation Strategy ◽  
Livestock Raising

Using the sustainable livelihoods analytical framework, the adaptability of cattle-raising to multiple stressors (e.g., climate change and market conditions) in the dry tropics of Chiapas, Mexico, was evaluated. Three case studies located in the Frailesca region of Chiapas were analyzed: (I) peasant cattle raising in a rural village in the Frailesca Valley; (II) peasant cattle raising in a rural village in a natural protected area in the Frailesca Highlands; and (III) holistic cattle raising by farmers with private land ownership in the Frailesca Valley. Three livelihood strategies were identified: a cattle raising-crop cultivation strategy with high use of purchased inputs (case 1); (II) a diversified strategy including extensive livestock raising (case 2); and (III) a strategy specialized in holistic cattle raising (case III). Adaptability was evaluated using an index on a scale of 1 to 100; average values were: case I = 20.9 ± 1.4; case II = 32.1 ± 1.8; and case III = 63.6 ± 3.5. In order to increase farms’ adaptability and reduce the vulnerability of cattle-raising families, there is a need to modify public policy to take into account the conditions of the most vulnerable farmers (cases I and II). Given the economic, environmental, and social context of Mexico’s dry tropics, establishing ecological or organic cattle raising and silvopastoral systems may reduce farm families’ vulnerability and increase the level of adaptability of their farms to multiple stressors.

Using GIS to identify under-represented ecosystems in the National Wilderness Preservation System in the USA

1999 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN LOOMIS ◽  
J. CHRIS ECHOHAWK
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Private Land ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Wilderness Preservation ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Allocation Strategies

Wilderness designation continues to be a contentious effort and must be fully justified even in wealthy countries such as the USA. An important consideration in setting priorities for additional designations of Wilderness is to ensure that under-represented ecosystems are protected. The utility of Geographic Information Systems in performing this task is illustrated using data on ecoregions and areas in the National Wilderness Preservation System to determine the relative protection currently afforded to different ecoregions in the continental USA. We find that 23 of the 35 ecoregions have less than 1% of their land area protected as Wilderness, and 7 of the 35 have no land protected as Wilderness whatsoever. While much of the land with little protection is in areas dominated by private land ownership in the mid-west and southeast, a surprisingly large amount of land in the Intermountain states of Nevada and Utah, which is in public ownership, is substantially under-represented in the National Wilderness Preservation System as well. The implications of this analysis for wilderness allocation strategies are detailed. The technique illustrated in this paper is a useful aid in designing protected area strategies in countries throughout the world.

Social and political activity of Voronezh Governorate peasants in 1917: cooperation with the authorities and geography of reduced conflicts

2020 ◽  
pp. 181-188
Author(s):  
Mikhail E. Razinkov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Textual Analysis ◽  
Social Conflict ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Conflict Behavior ◽  
Private Land ◽  
The Social ◽  
Low Activity

The research is based on data on acts of cooperation of various peasant population categories with the revolutionary authorities. The relevance of the problem lies in the minimal study of these issues, since historiography studied mainly the conflict behavior of peasants. We point to the presence of a large number of forms of interaction between peasants both with the February and October authorities in 1917. Using the methods of textual analysis we givethe analysis of the wel-coming telegrams to the State Duma. An intermediate conclusion was made that the desire of the peasants to interact with the authorities did not lead directly to a decrease in the social conflict de-gree. Attention is drawn to the presence in 1905–1907 and 1917 so-called “zones of low activity” of peasant revolts. Asking the question about the reasons for the existence of such zones, we turn to the comparative analysis of the situation at the county-volost level (using the example of Ostrogozhsky and Bogucharsky districts), concluding that the traditional explanation of the existence of such zones with a small share of private land ownership does not fully explain the situation. An explanation of the emerging situation is offered by a more complex of socio-economic, socio-political and socio-everyday factors, as well as source problems.

Simulating private land ownership fragmentation in the Missouri Ozarks, USA

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 671-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong W. Ko ◽  
Hong S. He ◽  
David R. Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Land Ownership ◽  
Private Land ◽  
Ownership Fragmentation

scholarly journals Tension, Conflict, and Negotiability of Land for Infrastructure Retrofit Practices in Informal Settlements

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1311
Author(s):  
Mahsa Mesgar ◽  
Diego Ramirez-Lovering ◽  
Mohamed El-Sioufi
Keyword(s):  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Private Land ◽  
Urban Context

Tension and conflict are endemic to any upgrading initiative (including basic infrastructure provision) requiring private land contributions, whether in the form of voluntary donations or compensated land acquisitions. In informal urban contexts, practitioners must first identify well-suited land for public infrastructure, both spatially and with careful consideration for safeguarding claimed rights and preventing conflicts. At the same time, they need to defuse existing tensions over land ownership and land use rights while negotiating for the potential use of a unit of land for infrastructure. Even in the case of employing participatory methods, land negotiations are never tension-free. Despite the extensive literature on linkages between urban poverty, inefficient land management systems, and land disputes, in both rural and urban settings, land negotiations for community-scale infrastructure retrofit projects (e.g., neighbourhood roads, water and sanitation infrastructure) are yet to be fully explored. Drawing on a case study of a live green infrastructure retrofit project in six informal settlements in Makassar, Indonesia, we establish links to exchange theory, collective action, and negotiation theory to build a reliable analytical framework for understanding and explaining the land negotiations in small-scale infrastructure retrofit practices. We aim to describe and assess the fundamental conditions for land negotiations in an informal urban context and conclude the paper by summarising several key strategies developed and used in the case study area to forge land agreements.

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