scholarly journals The sex Differences in Blood Pressure and Cardiac Autonomic Modulation during the Menopause Transition at Rest and after Aerobic Exercise Training

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maycon Jr Ferreira ◽  
Rodrigo D. Esposti ◽  
Aline O. Jarrete ◽  
Carlos H. G. Sponton ◽  
Angelina Zanesco
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Menopausal Transition ◽  
Autonomic Modulation ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Cardiac Autonomic Modulation ◽  
Menopause Transition

Background: Sex differences in blood pressure (BP) exist during all reproductive life between women and men whereas a sharper increase in BP occurs after menopause which is associated with increased prevalence of cardiovascular diseases. This study examined cardiovascular and biochemical parameters in perimenopausal women (PW) aiming to investigate the influence of sex on a) office BP and for 24 hours; b) cardiac autonomic modulation; c) redox state by measuring MDA, SOD, and catalase; d) NOx- concentration. In addition, aerobic exercise training (AET) was applied for detecting changes in cardiovascular responsiveness during the menopausal transition. Methods: Thirty-one participants were enrolled, healthy PW and age-matched men. Cardiovascular and biochemical biomarkers were evaluated at baseline and after AET (8 weeks of exercise on a treadmill, three sessions/week, duration of 30-40 minutes). Results: At rest, PW presented: a) a lower diastolic BP during daytime; b) a lower absolute and normalized LF component as well as a higher HF normalized component; d) no sex differences for redox biomarkers and NOx- concentration. After AET, only PW was responsive in lowering systolic BP that was accompanied by an increase in NOx- concentration and SOD activity. Regarding HRV, both groups were responsive to the AET. Conclusions: During the menopausal transition, systolic BP was similar to men whereas cardiac autonomic modulation remained unaltered showing the influence of sex steroids on BP. In Addition, AET was fundamental during the menopause transition by preventing an elevation in BP, minimizing the effects of aging associated with estrogen deficiency on women's cardiovascular health.

scholarly journals Exercise Improves Lung Inflammation, but Not Lung Remodeling and Mechanics in a Model of Bleomycin-Induced Lung Fibrosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Elias El-Mafarjeh ◽  
Gisele Henrique Cardoso Martins ◽  
Jessica Jorge Probst ◽  
Alana Santos-Dias ◽  
Manoel Carneiro Oliveira-Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Lung Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Inflammation ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Lung Mechanics ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Lung Remodeling

Introduction. Moderate aerobic exercise training accelerates the resolution of lung fibrosis in a model of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. However, whether it can inhibit the development of lung fibrosis is unknown. Materials and Methods. C57Bl/6 mice were distributed into four groups: Control (Co), Exercise (Exe), Bleomycin (Bleo), and Bleomycin+Exercise (Bleo+Exe). A single bleomycin dose (1.5 UI/kg) was administered orotracheally and treadmill exercise started in the same day, enduring for 4 weeks, 5x/week, 60 minutes/session, at moderate intensity. Lung mechanics, systemic and pulmonary inflammation, and lung remodeling were evaluated. Lung homogenates were used to evaluate the antioxidant status. Results. Total cells, macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils numbers, in agreement with IL-6 levels, were higher in the BAL and serum of Bleo group, compared to other groups. In addition, lung levels of LTB4 in Bleo were higher than other groups, whereas SOD activity and nitric oxide levels in exercised groups (Exe and Exe+Bleo) compared to the Bleo group. Lung GPX activity was lower in Bleo and Exe+Bleo groups compared to others. Exe and Exe+Bleo groups also showed higher IL-10 expression by lung macrophages than other groups, whereas TGF-β expression was higher in Exe, Bleo, and Exe+Bleo groups compared to control. CCR7 expression was induced only in the Exe group. However, exercise did not improve lung remodeling and mechanics, or serum and pulmonary levels of VEGF, IGF-1, and TGF-β. Conclusion. Aerobic exercise training initiated concomitantly with induction of pulmonary fibrosis reduces lung and systemic inflammation but fails to inhibit lung fibrosis and mechanics impairment.

scholarly journals Interval and continuous aerobic exercise training similarly increase cardiac function and autonomic modulation in infarcted mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Cavinato Cal Abad ◽  
Ademir Manuel do Nascimento ◽  
Leandro Eziquiel dos Santos ◽  
Diego Figueroa ◽  
Pamella Ramona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Autonomic Modulation

scholarly journals Aerobic Exercise Training Enhances The Blood Pressure-lowering Effect Of Antihypertensive Medication.

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (7S) ◽  
pp. 856-856
Author(s):  
MIGUEL RAMIREZ-JIMENEZ ◽  
FELIX MORALES-PALOMO ◽  
ALFONSO MORENO-CABAÑAS ◽  
JUAN FERNANDO ORTEGA ◽  
LAURA ALVAREZ-JIMENEZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Antihypertensive Medication ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Blood Pressure Lowering ◽  
Blood Pressure Lowering Effect ◽  
Lowering Effect ◽  
Pressure Lowering

Sex Differences in Hemodynamic Responses Following 8 Weeks of Aerobic Exercise Training

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 666
Author(s):  
Sang Ouk T. Wee ◽  
Alexander Rosenberg ◽  
Sushant Ranadive ◽  
Abbi Lane ◽  
Rebecca M. Kappus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Hemodynamic Responses

scholarly journals Exercise training regulates SOD-1 and oxidative stress in porcine aortic endothelium

2003 ◽  
Vol 284 (4) ◽  
pp. H1378-H1387 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. E. Rush ◽  
James R. Turk ◽  
M. Harold Laughlin
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Aortic Endothelial Cells ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress

Vascular oxidative stress contributes to endothelial dysfunction. Aerobic exercise training improves vascular function. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that exercise training would improve the balance of antioxidant to prooxidant enzymes and reduce markers of oxidative stress in aortic endothelial cells (AEC). Female Yucatan miniature pigs either remained sedentary (SED) or were exercise trained (EX) for 16–19 wk. EX pigs had increased AEC SOD-1 protein levels and Cu/Zn SOD activity of the whole aorta compared with SED pigs. Protein levels of other antioxidant enzymes (SOD-2, catalase) were not affected by exercise training. Protein levels of p67phox, a subunit of the prooxidant enzyme NAD(P)H oxidase, were reduced in EX vs. SED AEC. These EX adaptations were associated with lower AEC malondialdehyde levels and decreased phosphorylation of ERK-1/2. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase protein, protein nitrotyrosine content, and heme oxygenase-1 protein were not different in EX vs. SED pigs. We conclude that chronic aerobic exercise training influenced both antioxidant and prooxidant enzymes and decreased indexes of oxidative stress in AEC. These adaptations may contribute to improved endothelial function with exercise training.

scholarly journals Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Energy Metabolism in the Hypertensive Rat Heart

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 1006-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya L Kinney LaPier ◽  
Kenneth J Rodnick
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Cardiac Energy Metabolism ◽  
Cardiac Energy

AbstractBackground and Purpose. In order to explore the possible effects of physical therapy interventions on patients with hypertension, we evaluated the effects of aerobic exercise training on myocardial energy metabolism in an animal model of hypertension. Subjects. We used 36 female spontaneously hypertensive rats (rats with genetically induced hypertension) and 12 normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats. Methods. The normotensive rats were sedentary and formed the CONsed group. The spontaneously hypertensive rats were randomly divided into 3 experimental groups (12 rats per group). Hypertensive rats that were sedentary formed the HTNsed group, those that received 8 weeks of exercise training formed the HTN×8 group, and those that received 16 weeks of exercise training formed the HTN×16 group. We measured systolic blood pressure, heart wet weight, maximal activities of cardiac energy metabolism enzymes, glucose transporter content, and total concentrations of protein, glycogen, and triglyceride. Results. Systolic blood pressure was greater than 200 mm Hg in the CONsed group at the time of testing. Exercise training modestly (∼11–18 mm Hg) lowered blood pressure in the HTN×8 and HTN×16 groups. Fatty acid enzyme activity was greater in the CONsed group than in the HTNsed and HTN×8 groups, but activity was roughly equivalent between the CONsed group and the HTN×16 group. Glucose enzyme activity was greater in the HTN×16 group than in the CONsed group and the HTNsed group. Intracellular glycogen concentration was greater in the HTN×8 group than in the HTNsed group. Discussion and Conclusion. Results of this study suggest that aerobic exercise training may help to normalize cardiac energy metabolism in mammals with hypertension.

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