scholarly journals Need for Specialized Therapeutic Stem Cells Banks Equipped with Tumor Regression Enzymes and Anti-Tumor Genes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mujib Ullah
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Translational Research ◽  
Tumor Regression ◽  
Stem Cell Banks ◽  
Cell Banks ◽  
Effective Use

Stem cells are currently being used in many clinical trials for regenerative purposes. These are promising results for stem cells in the treatment of several diseases, including cancer. Nevertheless, there are still many variables which should be addressed before the application of stem cells for cancer treatment. One approach should be to establish well-characterized therapeutic stem cell banks to minimize the variation in results from different clinical trials and facilitate their effective use in basic and translational research.

scholarly journals Need for Specialized Therapeutic Stem Cells Banks Equipped with Tumor Regression Enzymes and Anti-Tumor Genes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ullah M
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Translational Research ◽  
Tumor Regression ◽  
Stem Cell Banks ◽  
Cell Banks ◽  
Effective Use

Stem cells are currently being used in many clinical trials for regenerative purposes. These are promising results for stem cells in the treatment of several diseases, including cancer. Nevertheless, there are still many variables which should be addressed before the application of stem cells for cancer treatment. One approach should be to establish well-characterized therapeutic stem cell banks to minimize the variation in results from different clinical trials and facilitate their effective use in basic and translational research.

scholarly journals What Tumor Dynamics Modeling Can Teach us about Exploiting the Stem-Cell View for Better Cancer Treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 14s2 ◽  
pp. CIN.S17294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger S. Day
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Treatment Resistance ◽  
Dynamics Modeling ◽  
Treatment Regimens

The cancer stem cell hypothesis is that in human solid cancers, only a small proportion of the cells, the cancer stem cells (CSCs), are self-renewing; the vast majority of the cancer cells are unable to sustain tumor growth indefinitely on their own. In recent years, discoveries have led to the concentration, if not isolation, of putative CSCs. The evidence has mounted that CSCs do exist and are important. This knowledge may promote better understanding of treatment resistance, create opportunities to test agents against CSCs, and open up promise for a fresh approach to cancer treatment. The first clinical trials of new anti-CSC agents are completed, and many others follow. Excitement is mounting that this knowledge will lead to major improvements, even breakthroughs, in treating cancer. However, exploitation of this phenomenon may be more successful if informed by insights into the population dynamics of tumor development. We revive some ideas in tumor dynamics modeling to extract some guidance in designing anti-CSC treatment regimens and the clinical trials that test them.

scholarly journals Principles for establishment of the stem cell bank and its applications on management of sports injuries

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bao-Shi Fan ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Ji-Ying Zhang ◽  
You-Rong Chen ◽  
Meng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Sports Injuries ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Cell Bank ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Stem Cell Banks ◽  
Cell Banks ◽  
Short Time

Abstract Background The stem cells of the stem cell banks have prominent problems for insufficient sources, easy contamination, unstable biological characteristics after serial subcultivations, and high cost. Methods After collecting the construction processes of the existing stem cell banks and suggestions from authoritative experts in the past 10 years, 230 reference principles were obtained, and finally, the principles of “5C” for the establishment of modern standardized stem cell banks were summarized, and their related applications on the management of sports injuries were reviewed as well. Results The basic principles of “5C” for the establishment of modern standardized stem cell banks include (1) principle of informed consent, (2) confidentiality principle, (3) conformity principle, (4) contamination-free principle, and (5) commonweal principle. The applications of stem cells on repairs, reconstructions, and regenerations of sports injuries were also reviewed, especially in tissue-engineered cartilage, tissue-engineered meniscus, and tissue-engineered ligament. Conclusions The proposal of the basic principles of “5C” is conducive to relevant stem cell researchers and clinical medical experts to build modern stem cell banks in a more standardized and efficient manner while avoiding some major mistakes or problems that may occur in the future. On this basis, stem cells from stem cell banks would be increasingly used in the management of sports injuries. More importantly, these days, getting stem cell samples are difficult in a short time, and such banks with proper legal consent may help the scientific community.

Role of Stem Cells in Cancer Therapeutics

2021 ◽  
pp. 467-485
Author(s):  
Madhu Rani ◽  
Sumit Kumar ◽  
M. Moshahid Alam Rizvi
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Tumor Regression ◽  
Cancer Therapeutics ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Potential Applications

Stem cells are pluripotent cells having capacity of self-renewal and produce various types of mature cells. Cancer stem cells are known to be responsible for drug resistance and tumor relapse, yet stem cells offer multiple avenues to treat same. Stem cells have been employed for treating of blood and immune systems damaged during chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Stem cell transplantation is emerged as critical therapy in cancer treatment, yet other potential applications of stem cells in cancer treatment are largely unexplored or underutilized. Recently, stem cells reengineered express different cytotoxic agents. It has shown to cause tumor regression and enhance the animal survival in preclinical studies. Stem cell therapy can be also employed for targeted drug delivery, gene delivery, and even used as virus to target cancer cell. In recent years, research is devoted on stem cells worldwide for new and newer application. Although the field of stem cells is nascent and raises many ethical concerns, scientific responsibilities, and future challenges, scientific community are still hopeful and filled with optimism. Currently, stem cell therapy represents the beginning of the new era in cancer treatment and giving a ray of hope to clinicians and also patients who are suffering from untreatable diseases and desperately looking for new therapies. In the present chapter, the authors mainly shed light on potential applications of stem cells to treat cancer. At the end, they also discussed the factor influencing stem cell therapies and current challenges in stem cell therapy.

scholarly journals Stem cell transplantations – Famicord Group own experience

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
D. Gladysz ◽  
K. Pawelec ◽  
J. Baran ◽  
D. Boruczkowski
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Cell Potential ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Stem Cell Banks

The umbilical cord blood is now a renowned source of stem cells that can be used for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Because of cord blood advantages, including immediate availability and higher degree of acceptable HLA mismatch, the number of patients who received such treatment is constantly growing. The limitations of cord blood usage still exist, however laboratory and clinical trials all over the world try to overcome that barriers. Owing to international cooperation of stem cell banks, umbilical cord-derived stem cells from FamiCord Group were used in clinical trials of hematopoietic stem cell transplantations. Ten transplantations, including one autologous, took place in Poland, while the other three were carried out in Hungary. The most common indication was acute leukemia, however among children with hematologic diseases there were also patients with histiocytosis, chronic granulomatous disease or hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy. Currently many scientists explore the possibilities of umbilical cord stem cell potential clinical usage with promising results.

scholarly journals Immunological considerations for embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cell banking

2011 ◽  
Vol 366 (1575) ◽  
pp. 2312-2322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig J. Taylor ◽  
Eleanor M. Bolton ◽  
J. Andrew Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Ethical Implications ◽  
Induced Pluripotent ◽  
Stem Cell Banks ◽  
Cell Banks

Recent advances in stem cell technology have generated enthusiasm for their potential to study and treat a diverse range of human disease. Pluripotent human stem cells for therapeutic use may, in principle, be obtained from two sources: embryonic stem cells (hESCs), which are capable of extensive self-renewal and expansion and have the potential to differentiate into any somatic tissue, and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which are derived from differentiated tissue such as adult skin fibroblasts and appear to have the same properties and potential, but their generation is not dependent upon a source of embryos. The likelihood that clinical transplantation of hESC- or iPSC-derived tissues from an unrelated (allogeneic) donor that express foreign human leucocyte antigens (HLA) may undergo immunological rejection requires the formulation of strategies to attenuate the host immune response to transplanted tissue. In clinical practice, individualized iPSC tissue derived from the intended recipient offers the possibility of personalized stem cell therapy in which graft rejection would not occur, but the logistics of achieving this on a large scale are problematic owing to relatively inefficient reprogramming techniques and high costs. The creation of stem cell banks comprising HLA-typed hESCs and iPSCs is a strategy that is proposed to overcome the immunological barrier by providing HLA-matched (histocompatible) tissue for the target population. Estimates have shown that a stem cell bank containing around 10 highly selected cell lines with conserved homozygous HLA haplotypes would provide matched tissue for the majority of the UK population. These simulations have practical, financial, political and ethical implications for the establishment and design of stem cell banks incorporating cell lines with HLA types that are compatible with different ethnic populations throughout the world.

scholarly journals Optimizing Stem Cell Therapy after Ischemic Brain Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Zhang ◽  
Brittany Bolduc Lachance ◽  
Bilal Moiz ◽  
Xiaofeng Jia
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Ischemic Brain Injury ◽  
Ischemic Brain ◽  
Injury Treatment

Stem cells have been used for regenerative and therapeutic purposes in a variety of diseases. In ischemic brain injury, preclinical studies have been promising, but have failed to translate results to clinical trials. We aimed to explore the application of stem cells after ischemic brain injury by focusing on topics such as delivery routes, regeneration efficacy, adverse effects, and in vivo potential optimization. PUBMED and Web of Science were searched for the latest studies examining stem cell therapy applications in ischemic brain injury, particularly after stroke or cardiac arrest, with a focus on studies addressing delivery optimization, stem cell type comparison, or translational aspects. Other studies providing further understanding or potential contributions to ischemic brain injury treatment were also included. Multiple stem cell types have been investigated in ischemic brain injury treatment, with a strong literature base in the treatment of stroke. Studies have suggested that stem cell administration after ischemic brain injury exerts paracrine effects via growth factor release, blood-brain barrier integrity protection, and allows for exosome release for ischemic injury mitigation. To date, limited studies have investigated these therapeutic mechanisms in the setting of cardiac arrest or therapeutic hypothermia. Several delivery modalities are available, each with limitations regarding invasiveness and safety outcomes. Intranasal delivery presents a potentially improved mechanism, and hypoxic conditioning offers a potential stem cell therapy optimization strategy for ischemic brain injury. The use of stem cells to treat ischemic brain injury in clinical trials is in its early phase; however, increasing preclinical evidence suggests that stem cells can contribute to the down-regulation of inflammatory phenotypes and regeneration following injury. The safety and the tolerability profile of stem cells have been confirmed, and their potent therapeutic effects make them powerful therapeutic agents for ischemic brain injury patients.

scholarly journals Expanded mesenchymal stem cell transplantation is safe in both local injection and vein transfusion

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 234-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vlassov V Salval ◽  
Yone Moto
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Local Injection ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Routine Treatment ◽  
Drug Products ◽  
The World

More than 500 clinical trials are using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the world to treat some different diseases. The safety of expanded MSC transplantation is the most important thing to ensure that this therapy can become the routine treatment for human diseases. More than five MSCs based stem cell drug products are approved at various countries demonstrated that expanded MSCs are safe in both local injection and transfusion. Moreover, some recent reports for 5 and 10 years followed-up clinical trials using expanded MSCs confirmed that there is not different tumorigenesis between the patients with and without expanded MSC transplantation. This letter aims to provide some evidences about the safety of expanded MSCs in clinical applications. However, the MSC quality should be stritcly controlled during the in vitro MSC expansion.

Types of Stem Cells Used in US-Based Clinical Trials between 1999 and 2014

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 169-191
Author(s):  
Emma E. Redfield ◽  
Erin K. Luciano ◽  
Monica J. Sewell ◽  
Lucas A. Mitzel ◽  
Isaac J. Sanford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
The Us ◽  
Health Database ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

This study looks at the number of clinical trials involving specific stem cell types. To our knowledge, this has never been done before. Stem cell clinical trials that were conducted at locations in the US and registered on the National Institutes of Health database at ‘clinicaltrials.gov’ were categorized according to the type of stem cell used (adult, cancer, embryonic, perinatal, or induced pluripotent) and the year that the trial was registered. From 1999 to 2014, there were 2,357 US stem cell clinical trials registered on ‘clinicaltrials.gov,’ and 89 percent were from adult stem cells and only 0.12 percent were from embryonic stem cells. This study concludes that embryonic stem cells should no longer be used for clinical study because of their irrelevance, moral questions, and induced pluripotent stem cells.

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