scholarly journals The Roles of Different Design Techniques in Learning Tactical Scenes of Play through Dynamic Visualizations: A Brief Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghazi Rekik ◽  
Yosra Belkhir ◽  
Mohamed Jarraya ◽  
Mohamed Amine Bouzid ◽  
Yung-Sheng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Cognitive Resources ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Effective Learning ◽  
Dynamic Visualizations ◽  
Written Explanations ◽  
Design Techniques

Dynamic visualizations have been developed to exchange information that transforms over time across a broad range of professional and academic contexts. However, these visual tools may impose substantial demands on the learner’s cognitive resources that are very limited in current knowledge. Cognitive load theory has been used to improve learning from dynamic visualizations by providing certain design techniques to manage learner cognitive load without adding any oral/written explanations. This systematic review examined a series of experimental studies assessing the roles of these design techniques in learning tactical scenes of play through dynamic visualizations. Electronic databases PubMed and Google Scholar were used to search relevant articles. Eleven studies were eventually included for the systematic review based on the eligibility criteria. The present review revealed that adapting design techniques to the level of learners’ expertise, type of depicted knowledge, and level of content complexity is a crucial part of effective learning.

scholarly journals Uncovering the Role of Different Instructional Designs When Learning Tactical Scenes of Play through Dynamic Visualizations: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 256
Author(s):  
Ghazi Rekik ◽  
Yosra Belkhir ◽  
Mohamed Jarraya ◽  
Mohamed Amine Bouzid ◽  
Yung-Sheng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Load ◽  
English Language ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Cognitive Resources ◽  
Sequential Presentation ◽  
Novice Learners ◽  
Dynamic Visualizations ◽  
Australian Football ◽  
Descriptive Knowledge

Dynamic visualizations such as videos or animations have been developed to exchange information that transforms over time across a broad range of professional/academic contexts. However, such visual tools may impose substantial demands on the learner’s cognitive resources that are very limited in current knowledge. Cognitive load theory has been used to improve learning from dynamic visualizations by providing different instructional designs to manage learner cognitive load. This paper reviews a series of experimental studies assessing the effects of certain instructional designs on learning of tactical scenes of play through dynamic visualizations. An electronic database search was performed on the Web of Science and PubMed/Medline databases from inception to July 2020 using a combination of relevant keywords. Manual searches were also made. The search was limited to English language. A total of 515 records were screened by two researchers using the Population/Intervention/Comparison/Outcome(s) (PICO) criteria. The quality and validity of the included studies were assessed using “QualSyst”. Learning indicators in students and/or players (male and female) at any age category and competitive level were considered. Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria for this review, which focused on the effects of four instructional designs (i.e., using static visualizations, employing sequential presentation, applying segmentation, and decreasing presentation speed) on learning various game systems through dynamic visualizations. These studies indicate that (i) the effectiveness of all instructional designs depend upon the level of learners’ expertise when learning soccer/Australian football scenes through animations/videos, (ii) the effectiveness of using static visualizations instead of animations/videos showing soccer/basketball scenes depend upon the type of the depicted knowledge (i.e., motor knowledge or descriptive knowledge) for novice learners, (iii) the effectiveness of employing static visualizations and decreasing presentation speed when learning soccer/basketball scenes from animations/videos depend upon the level of content complexity, for novice learners. The current review demonstrated important practical implications for both coaches and physical education teachers using either animations and/or videos to communicate game systems. Indeed, findings suggested that adapting instructional designs to the level of learners’ expertise, type of depicted knowledge, and level of content complexity is a crucial part of effective tactical learning from dynamic visualizations.

scholarly journals Impact of non-menthol flavours in e-cigarettes on perceptions and use: an updated systematic review

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e031598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Meernik ◽  
Hannah M Baker ◽  
Sarah D Kowitt ◽  
Leah M Ranney ◽  
Adam O Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Product Appeal ◽  
The Impact

ObjectivesGiven the exponential increase in the use of e-cigarettes among younger age groups and in the growth in research on e-cigarette flavours, we conducted a systematic review examining the impact of non-menthol flavoured e-cigarettes on e-cigarette perceptions and use among youth and adults.DesignPubMed, Embase, PyscINFO and CINAHL were systematically searched for studies published and indexed through March 2018.Eligibility criteriaQuantitative observational and experimental studies that assessed the effect of non-menthol flavours in e-cigarettes on perceptions and use behaviours were included. Specific outcome measures assessed are appeal, reasons for use, risk perceptions, susceptibility, intention to try, initiation, preference, current use, quit intentions and cessation.Data extraction and synthesisThree authors independently extracted data related to the impact of flavours in tobacco products. Data from a previous review were then combined with those from the updated review for final analysis. Results were then grouped and analysed by outcome measure.ResultsThe review included 51 articles for synthesis, including 17 published up to 2016 and an additional 34 published between 2016 and 2018. Results indicate that non-menthol flavours in e-cigarettes decrease harm perceptions (five studies) and increase willingness to try and initiation of e-cigarettes (six studies). Among adults, e-cigarette flavours increase product appeal (seven studies) and are a primary reason many adults use the product (five studies). The role of flavoured e-cigarettes on smoking cessation remains unclear (six studies).ConclusionThis review provides summary data on the role of non-menthol flavours in e-cigarette perceptions and use. Consistent evidence shows that flavours attract both youth and adults to use e-cigarettes. Given the clear findings that such flavours increase product appeal, willingness to try and initiation among youth, banning non-menthol flavours in e-cigarettes may reduce youth e-cigarette use. Longitudinal research is needed to examine any role flavours may play in quit behaviours among adults.

scholarly journals Effectiveness and safety of herbal medicines for induction of labour: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. e022499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Collins Zamawe ◽  
Carina King ◽  
Hannah Maria Jennings ◽  
Chrispin Mandiwa ◽  
Edward Fottrell
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Induction Of Labour ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Significant Difference

ObjectiveThe use of herbal medicines for induction of labour (IOL) is common globally and yet its effects are not well understood. We assessed the efficacy and safety of herbal medicines for IOL.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis of published literature.Data sourcesWe searched in MEDLINE, AMED and CINAHL in April 2017, updated in June 2018.Eligibility criteriaWe considered experimental and non-experimental studies that compared relevant pregnancy outcomes between users and non-user of herbal medicines for IOL.Data extraction and synthesisData were extracted by two reviewers using a standardised form. A random-effects model was used to synthesise effects sizes and heterogeneity was explored through I2statistic. The risk of bias was assessed using ‘John Hopkins Nursing School Critical Appraisal Tool’ and ‘Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool’.ResultsA total of 1421 papers were identified through the searches, but only 10 were retained after eligibility and risk of bias assessments. The users of herbal medicine for IOL were significantly more likely to give birth within 24 hours than non-users (Risk Ratio (RR) 4.48; 95% CI 1.75 to 11.44). No significant difference in the incidence of caesarean section (RR 1.19; 95% CI 0.76 to 1.86), assisted vaginal delivery (RR 0.73; 95% CI 0.47 to 1.14), haemorrhage (RR 0.84; 95% CI 0.44 to 1.60), meconium-stained liquor (RR 1.20; 95% CI 0.65 to 2.23) and admission to nursery (RR 1.08; 95% CI 0.49 to 2.38) was found between users and non-users of herbal medicines for IOL.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that herbal medicines for IOL are effective, but there is inconclusive evidence of safety due to lack of good quality data. Thus, the use of herbal medicines for IOL should be avoided until safety issues are clarified. More studies are recommended to establish the safety of herbal medicines.

Abstract 181: A Systematic Review of Interventions to Increase tPA Administration

Stroke ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mollie McDermott ◽  
Lesli E Skolarus ◽  
James F Burke
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Public Education ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Fixed Effect Model ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Design Elements

Introduction: Rates of tPA administration remain low nationally and globally despite its demonstrated efficacy. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of interventions to increase the rate of tPA administration. Methods: We searched PubMed and EMBASE to identify all studies (excluding case reports) published between 1995 and January 8, 2015 documenting interventions to increase the utilization of tPA. We screened each study with pre-specified inclusion and exclusion criteria. Design elements and study data were extracted from eligible studies. The principal summary measure was the percentage change in rate of tPA administration. Fixed and random effects meta-analytic models were built to summarize the effect of intervention compared to control as well as intervention subtypes. Results: Our search yielded 1457 results of which 25 met eligibility criteria. We identified 13 pre-post studies and 11 randomized or quasi-experimental studies. Included studies utilized EMS (n=14), telemedicine (n=6), and public education (n=5). Intervention settings included urban (n=13), rural (n=4), and combined (n=4). In a fixed effect model, tPA administration was significantly higher in the intervention arm across all studies that limited enrollment to ischemic stroke patients (n=14) with a risk ratio (RR) of 1.71. Interventions involving EMS were associated with an increased rate of tPA administration with a RR of 1.51, (95% CI: 1.43-1.59, p<0.0001); promoting public education RR = 2.62, (95% CI: 1.54-4.43, p<0.01); and utilizing telemedicine RR = 2.97, (95% CI: 2.61-3.39, p<0.0001). Conclusions: Interventions to increase tPA use appear to have considerable efficacy. Comparative inferences between intervention types are limited by small sample size and intervention heterogeneity.

scholarly journals CUPPING THERAPY: A PRUDENT APPROACH IN PAIN MANAGEMENT-A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
Hafiza Javeria ◽  
Yusra Obaid ◽  
Ismail Naseem
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
English Language ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Spinal Pain ◽  
Cupping Therapy ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Eligibility Criteria

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Cupping Therapy is an ancient form of alternative medicine for treating variety of musculoskeletal disorders. Number of studies indicated the efficacy of various cupping methods in decreasing neck or back pain intensity within short duration and improves quality of life. DATABASES AND ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA The experimental studies were searched on the electronic databases including Google Scholar, PEDro, PubMed and Cochrane Library from June 2015 to December 2019. It was ensured that all articles were full-text in English language whereas screening was executed on relevant titles and abstracts, evaluated on the basis of cupping therapy and its effects on musculoskeletal pain. RESULTS A total of eight out of ten experimental studies showed significant decrease (p<0.05) in spinal pain in result of cupping therapy except for the two studies that demonstrated no significant pre-post group differences (p>0.05).

scholarly journals Colchicine for children with pericarditis: systematic review of clinical studies

2016 ◽  
Vol 101 (10) ◽  
pp. 953-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samer Alabed ◽  
Giordano Pérez-Gaxiola ◽  
Amanda Burls
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Randomised Controlled

ObjectiveTo review the evidence for the efficacy and safety of colchicine in children with pericarditis.DesignSystematic review.Search strategyThe following databases were searched for studies about colchicine in children with pericarditis (June 2015): Cochrane Central, Medline, EMBASE and LILACS.Eligibility criteriaAll observational and experimental studies on humans with any length of follow-up and no limitations on language or publication status were included. The outcomes studied were recurrences of pericarditis and adverse events.Data extractionTwo authors extracted data and assessed quality of included studies using the Cochrane risk of bias tool for non-randomised trials.ResultsTwo case series and nine case reports reported the use of colchicine in a total of 86 children with pericarditis. Five articles including 74 paediatric patients were in favour of colchicine in preventing further pericarditis recurrences. Six studies including 12 patients showed that colchicine did not prevent recurrences of pericarditis.LimitationsNo randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were found.ConclusionsAlthough colchicine is an established treatment for pericarditis in adults, it is not routinely used in children. There is not enough evidence to support or discourage the use of colchicine in children with pericarditis. Further research in the form of large double-blind RCTs is needed to establish the efficacy of colchicine in children with pericarditis.

scholarly journals Can Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback Improve Athletic Performance? A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-114
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Cayaban Pagaduan ◽  
Yung-Sheng Chen ◽  
James William Fell ◽  
Sam Shi Xuan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback ◽  
Dance Training ◽  
Randomized Control

AbstractThis systematic review was conducted to evaluate the effect of heart rate variability biofeedback (HRV BFB) on performance of athletes. Six electronic databases (Springerlink, SportDiscus, Web of Science, PROQUEST Academic Research Library, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect) and article references were searched. Eligibility criteria were: 1. experimental studies involving athletes randomly allocated among groups (randomized control trial); 2. availability of HRV BFB as a treatment compared to a control condition (CON) that involves regular sport/dance training, a placebo (PLA) or other methods of BFB; 3. performance-related variables such as a dependent index; and, 4. peer-reviewed articles written in English. Out of 660 articles, six studies were included in the systematic review which involved 187 athletes (females: n = 89; males n = 98). Six studies compared HRV BFB with a CON, three studies compared HRV BFB with a PLA, and two studies differentiated HRV BFB with other methods of BFB. Findings support HRV BFB as a potential intervention to improve fine and gross motor function in athletes.

scholarly journals Effect of Nature Walks on Depression and Anxiety: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 4015
Author(s):  
Yasuhiro Kotera ◽  
Melinda Lyons ◽  
Katia Correa Vione ◽  
Briony Norton
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Newcastle Ottawa Scale

The benefits of nature for our health have been an increasing research focus in recent years. In the context of a global increase in mental health diagnoses, the potential health benefits of nature have attracted attention. One practical nature treatment is to walk in nature. However, evidence for this practice on mental health has not been comprehensively appraised to date. This systematic review synthesized the effects of nature walks for depression and anxiety, and evaluated the methodological rigor of studies. Academic databases including ProQuest, PsycINFO, Science Direct, and Google Scholar were utilized to identify eligible articles, which were examined using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Of 385 articles initially retrieved, 12 studies met all the eligibility criteria (nine pre-post within-subject studies, two quasi-experimental studies, and one experimental between-subjects study). These studies demonstrated that nature walks were effective for state anxiety but not generalized anxiety and the effects for depression were inconsistent. Findings indicate that nature walks may be effective for mental health, especially for reducing state anxiety. However, the quality of the included studies varied, and sample sizes were small, suggesting a need for more rigorous and large-scale research.

scholarly journals The effect of pre-anaesthetic assessment clinic: a systematic review of randomised and non-randomised prospective controlled studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eirunn Kristoffersen ◽  
Anne Opsal ◽  
Tor Tveit ◽  
Rigmor Berg ◽  
Mariann Fossum
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Anaesthetic Assessment

ABSTRACT Objectives: The aim of this systematic review was to examine the effectiveness of pre-anaesthetic assessment clinics (PACs) implemented to improve quality and patient safety in perioperative care. Design: Systematic review. Data sources: The electronic databases CINAHL Plus with Full Text (EBSCOhost), Medline, and Embase (OvidSP) were systematically searched from 1st April, 1996 to 4th February, 2021. Eligibility criteria: The main inclusion criterion was that the study, using empirical quantitative methods, addressed the effectiveness of PACs. Data extraction and synthesis: Titles, abstracts, and full texts were screened in duplicate by two authors. Risk of bias assessment, using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist for quasi-experimental studies, and data extraction were performed by one author and checked by the other author. Results were synthesised narratively owing to the heterogeneity of the included studies. Results: Seven prospective controlled studies were conducted. Most studies had a high risk of bias. Three studies reported a significant reduction in the length of the hospital stay, and two studies reported a significant reduction in cancellation of surgery for medical reasons when patients were seen in the PAC. In addition, the included studies presented mixed results regarding anxiety in patients. Conclusion: This systematic review demonstrated a reduction in the length of hospital stay and cancellation of surgery when the patients had been assessed in the PAC. There is a need for high-quality prospective studies to gain a deeper understanding of the effectiveness of PACs. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42019137724

scholarly journals Improving Reading Through Videogames and Digital Apps: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikel Ostiz-Blanco ◽  
Javier Bernacer ◽  
Irati Garcia-Arbizu ◽  
Patricia Diaz-Sanchez ◽  
Luz Rello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
First Language ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
And Control

Background: The use of electronic interventions to improve reading is becoming a common resource. This systematic review aims to describe the main characteristics of randomized controlled trials or quasi-experimental studies that have used these tools to improve first-language reading, in order to highlight the features of the most reliable studies and guide future research.Methods: The whole procedure followed the PRISMA guidelines, and the protocol was registered before starting the process (doi: 10.17605/OSF.IO/CKM4N). Searches in Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science and an institutional reference aggregator (Unika) yielded 6,230 candidate articles. After duplicate removal, screening, and compliance of eligibility criteria, 55 studies were finally included.Results: They were research studies on improving first-language reading, both in children and adults, and including a control group. Thirty-three different electronic tools were employed, most of them in English, and studies were very diverse in sample size, length of intervention, and control tasks. Risk of bias was analyzed with the PEDro scale, and all studies had a medium or low risk. However, risk of bias due to conflicts of interest could not be evaluated in most studies, since they did not include a statement on this issue.Conclusion: Future research on this topic should include randomized intervention and control groups, with sample sizes over 65 per group, interventions longer than 15 h, and a proper disclosure of possible conflicts of interest.Systematic Review Registration: The whole procedure followed the PRISMA guidelines, and the protocol was registered before starting the process in the Open Science Framework (doi: 10.17605/OSF.IO/CKM4N).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document