scholarly journals Utilization and Energy-Saving Analysis of Inkjet and Laser Printed Eco-Hollow Embedded Fonts: A Comparison of English and Thai Alphabets

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanongsak Imjai ◽  
Chirawat Wattanapanich ◽  
Uhamard Madardam ◽  
Reyes Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Measuring Method ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Black Pixel ◽  
Efficiency Estimation ◽  
Printing System ◽  
The One

The utilization of eco-fonts for office printing is a sustainable, “green” printing concept, which has obvious economic benefits. As a result, it has a significant effect on environmental sustainability. This practice's fundamental problem is the decreased quality of text printed using eco-fonts compared to those printed with regular fonts. The aim of this research is eco-font efficiency estimation, i.e. determination of toner usage reduction level of inkjet-printed documents typed with this font type, as well as estimation of the extent humans perceive differences between text printed with eco-font and the one printed by its “non-eco“ equivalent. Combining the instrumental measuring method and digital image analysis, it was found that this simple principle (eco-font utilization) enables substantial toner usage reduction for an inkjet printing system. At the same time, a visual test showed that the visual experience of text printed using eco-font was sufficient. In addition, awareness of the benefits that eco-font utilization brings, change users’ attitude towards eco-font quality. The concept of removing the black pixel from this commonly used Thai font has a great potential for the sustainability printing process, and this simple solution could be applied to other languages as part of the GIT campaign.

Short-term Measurements of Indoor Environmental Quality in Selected Offices – Case Study

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludmila Meciarova ◽  
Silvia Vilcekova ◽  
Eva Kridlova Burdova ◽  
Ilija Zoran Apostoloski ◽  
Danica Kosicanova
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Environmental Quality ◽  
Indoor Climate ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Healthy Environment ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
The One

Decent quality of indoor air is important for health and wellbeing of building users. We live, work and study in indoors of various types of buildings. Often people are exposed to pollutants at higher concentrations than these that occur out-doors. Continual investigation of indoor air quality is needed for ensuring comfort and healthy environment. Measuring and analysis of occurrence of physical, chemical and biological factors is the first step for suggestion of optimization measures. Inside school buildings there are often inadequate indoor climate conditions such as thermal comfort parame-ters or ventilation. The aim of this study was determination of indoor environmental quality in selected offices in the building of elementary school in Slovakia. The values of operative temperature were not within the optimum range of values for the warm period of the year in one of the monitored offices. The intensity of illumination was lower in the two offices. Low levels of particulate matters were measured except the one office where permissible value was exceeded by 7.6%.

scholarly journals Experimental Testing of Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams Designed by Strut-And-Tie Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 6217
Author(s):  
Anka Starčev-Ćurčin ◽  
Andrija Rašeta ◽  
Mirjana Malešev ◽  
Danijel Kukaras ◽  
Vlastimir Radonjanin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Deep Beams ◽  
Simply Supported ◽  
Strut And Tie ◽  
The Third ◽  
Variation Parameter ◽  
The One

The aim of the research presented in this paper is the experimental confirmation of the numerically defined shapes of the Strut-and-Tie models, designed according to the EN 1992-1-1 recommendations, and obtained from the software “ST method”. Three reinforced concrete deep beams with openings were tested. Each of them had the same dimensions and quality of the material characteristics. The specimens, constructed as simply supported beams, were loaded with two concentrated forces and were tested for bending until failure. Each specimen was reinforced with different reinforcement layout determined by variation parameter β, incorporated in the software “ST method”. For the determination of the Strut-and-Tie models, all of the reinforcement layouts were equally favored in the first specimen (β = 1.0 for 0°, 45°, and 90°), only the horizontal direction was favored in the second (β = 1.0 for 0°), while in the third specimen the one at the angle of 45° (β = 1.0 for 45°). Based on the results of experimental research, it was concluded that the behavior of loaded members was in agreement with the proposed shapes of the Strut-and-Tie models that were used for their design, and it was confirmed that the program “ST method” can be used for obtaining Strut–and-Tie models.

The Design and Development of Bamboo-Baking Ovens Appropriate for Handicraft

2014 ◽  
Vol 535 ◽  
pp. 506-510
Author(s):  
Sakchai Sikka
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Design And Development ◽  
Baking Quality ◽  
The One

This is a research in the style of research and development. The researcher conducted fieldwork by collecting data on the current situation of and problems in bamboo-baking in 10 provinces. Then the data were analyzed to find out about the forms of ovens and quality of each type of baking in order to compare the baking quality. Moreover, the data were used in a brainstorm with 12 participators consisting of entrepreneurs and those who are concerned. All the data from the study were used in the determination of the basic requirements for the experiment of designing and creating 4 model ovens. The fourth is the one that has been tested and proved to be suitable for usage in the manufacturing processes of bamboo handicraft, both wickerwork and furniture. In the experiment of preventing the eating of weevils and other insects, it was found that during 6 months, no evidence of such eating was found, which corresponds to the determined standard.

Quality of Government and Environmental Sustainability

2021 ◽  
pp. 398-426
Author(s):  
Marina Povitkina ◽  
Simon Matti
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Natural Resource Use ◽  
Environmental Public Goods ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

Previous research on the relationship between quality of government (QoG) and environmental sustainability is scant, scattered across different disciplines, and is characterized by a disconnect between studies focusing on the effects of QoG on the micro level (individual behavior) and micro level (country policies and actions). The chapter synthesizes the different literatures on the connection between various elements of QoG, such as low levels of corruption, bureaucratic capacity, and rule of law, on the one hand, and environmental sustainability on the other hand. On the macro level, it theorizes the role of QoG in securing governments’ production of environmental public goods. On the micro level, the chapter discusses how QoG can shape cooperation in collective action dilemmas over natural resource use, as well as how it contributes to generating public support of and compliance with environmental policies.

Colour: Physical or Phenomenal?

Philosophy ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-304
Author(s):  
RUSSELL WAHL ◽  
JONATHAN WESTPHAL
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Spectrum ◽  
Absorption Spectra ◽  
The Other ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Necessary Truths ◽  
The One ◽  
Colour Terms

We wish to defend Jonathan Westphal's view that colour is complex against a recent ‘phenomenological’ criticism of Eric Rubenstein. There is often thought to be a conflict between two kinds of determinants of colour, physical and phenomenal. On the one hand there are the complex physical facts about colour, such as the determination of a surface colour by an absorption spectrum. There is also, however, the fact that the apparently simple phenomenological quality of what is seen is a function of the physiological and psychological state of the viewing subject. Should the physical trump the phenomenal, or is it the other way round?Much of the phenomenal variation of colour, however, is explained by physical facts. There is a physics and a psychophysics of colour. Colours appear, to the colour scientists at least, to be in some sense objective, a sense not explained by the view that they are purely phenomenal. Taking physics and psychophysics into account will mean rejecting the claim that the content of what our concepts of colours are concepts of is exhausted by the purely phenomenal, or that we can determine these concepts simply by gazing at a colour. Taking account of physics will lead, as Westphal argued, instead to a view about white and the other colour terms like Putnam's account of gold. Necessary truths about colours cannot be explained without reference to the logic of the compossibility of what is given in reflection and absorption spectra, the analogue of H2O.

scholarly journals Tolerance Analysis of Mechanical Parts

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-272
Author(s):  
Živko Kondić ◽  
Đuro Tunjić ◽  
Leon Maglić ◽  
Amalija Horvatić Novak
Keyword(s):  
Tolerance Analysis ◽  
Case Method ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Mechanical Parts ◽  
Assembly Tolerance ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
Quality Of Products ◽  
The One

The determination of tolerances has a huge impact on the price and quality of products. The objective of tolerance analysis is to provide the widest possible tolerance range of parts, without disturbing the functionality of the assembly. Tolerance analysis should be performed during the design process because then there is still the possibility for change. For the purpose of carrying out the analysis, three methods will be used: Worst Case method, Root Sum Square method and Monte Carlo Simulation. Methods are explained through simple examples and applied on the one-way clutch.

Predictive Maintenance for Quality Control in High Precision Processes

2015 ◽  
pp. 204-243
Author(s):  
María Carmen Carnero ◽  
Carlos López-Escobar ◽  
Rafael González-Palma ◽  
Pedro Mayorga ◽  
David Almorza
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Industrial Organization ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Spectral Bands

In external grinding processes, vibrations induced by the process itself can lead to defects that affect the quality of the parts. The literature offers models that cannot include all process variables in the analysis. This research applies theoretical models and experimental analysis to determine their suitability for predicting the chatter profile of parts in a plunge grinding process. The application of variance analysis to overall vibration value induced by grinding wheel-workpiece contact allows us to show that high frequency displacements vibration are sensitive to the process setup as well as to the quality of the products manufactured. The final statistical analysis has provided a determination of the spectral bands of the process in which the vibrations causes by grinding wheel-workpiece contact influence the existence of flaws in the workpieces. The methodology described can contribute to increasing the environmental sustainability of an industrial organization.

scholarly journals The consciousness of schoolchildren and giftedness

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
Anna A. Proskurina
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Theoretical Determination ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

The paper addresses the problem of theoretical determination of the presence and quality of the necessary and steady interrelation between the consciousness and the giftedness of schoolchildren. It is argued for the need of a social philosophic approach to the solution of this problem in the perspective of subjective action. The problem is tackled by means of the theoretical analysis of speech functions in the performance of subjective action by a social individual. The study reveals, on the one hand, which subjective action elements the acting individual is necessarily aware of. On the other hand, it is shown which elements of self-concept, when purposefully and artificially developed, are an obstacle for the performance of subjective action

scholarly journals The Assessment of Cross Machine Openness Uniformity of a Fiber Feed Matt

2000 ◽  
Vol os-9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1558925000OS-90
Author(s):  
Ayad Oumera ◽  
Abdelfattah M. Seyam ◽  
William Oxenham
Keyword(s):  
Thickness Measurement ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Line Measurement ◽  
On Line ◽  
Compression Data ◽  
The One ◽  
Compression Characteristics ◽  
Input Level

The one-dimensional characteristic of yarn has resulted in very little attention being given to the uniformity of carded web in the cross machine direction. The development of nonwovens has prompted researchers to reconsider the importance of cross machine uniformity in determining the total uniformity of the carded web. It is therefore important to develop manual and online techniques to quantify cross machine uniformity at both the input and output of the card. At the card input, uniformity is taken as representing both mass and openness characteristics of the feed matt. While at the card output, there are many available techniques that allow the on-line measurement of the mass uniformity of the carded web, determination of uniformity at the input level is more difficult. The approach that was taken was to use an off-line technique to find the mass and openness of the feed matt at different locations across the card. While traditionally mass as a property has been given a lot of importance, much less attention has been given to the concept of openness. This is due in part to the difficulty in quantifying openness. Openness is believed to have great significance in determining the overall quality of the carded web, especially with regard to the formation of neps. In order to make the concept of openness more clear, it was found necessary to develop a way of quantifying it. This was done by performing a compression test on the feed matt, and then fitting the compression data with an exponential curve. The coefficient of the exponent was used to represent openness. This approach was used to find the effect of the feed roller (pin type) on cross machine uniformity. It was found that the squeezing of the feed roller did not have an effect in redistributing the mass of the feed matt, but did have an effect in changing the openness of the feed matt. Because of the difficulty involved in the handling of the feed matt, a newly developed technique is suggested to characterize openness. While this method still relies on the compression characteristics of the feed matt, it is more appropriate because it is performed on-line. Preliminary results are reported. It was found that thickness measurement under carefully selected pressure value could be used to characterize openness precisely.

scholarly journals THE STUDY OF INFLUENCE OF THE PROCESS OF MECHANICAL ADDITIONAL CLEANING ON THE SURFACE ONION LAYER AT COMBINED PROCESS OF CLEANING

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
Oleg Tereshkin ◽  
Dmytro Horielkov ◽  
Dmytro Dmytrevskyi ◽  
Vitalii Chervonyi
Keyword(s):  
Rotation Frequency ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Combined Processes ◽  
Experimental Setting ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Additional Equipment ◽  
The One ◽  
Combined Methods

The one of the ways of solving question of high-quality cleaning of vegetables is the use of combined methods of cleaning, their study and creation of equipment. The improvement of process for its realization and equipment support at trade enterprises, restaurant economy and mini-factories is a topical task. The expedience of elaboration and introduction of combined processes and equipment for their realization at institutions of the restaurant economy and vegetable-processing enterprises give a possibility to exclude the additional equipment for calibration, sorting, washing, additional cleaning. It, in its turn, will provide the safety at production, favoring the more rational use of resources. The one of most prospective directions of intensification of process of cleaning of the vegetable raw material is an elaboration of combined methods and new specialized apparatuses, which work principle is based on combination of the processes of cleaning of product. The experimental setting was elaborated with correspondent methodology that allows carry out the study of process of cleaning of onion with possible determination of influence of all its parameters on the percent of the raw material losses and effectiveness of product cleaning. It is provided due to the presence of work drum in experimental setting that rotates around its axis. The rotation frequency can be changed within the necessary diapason. The work drum has on its surface the special orifices for cutting off the inedible part of onion. The experimental setting also includes tensometric module that allows determine the effort of separation of peel from onion. The use of apparatus for cleaning of onion will give a possibility to intensify process, to improve the quality of cleaning, to decrease the percent of raw material losses.

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