scholarly journals Relativistic Mass of Gravitational Field

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
yin zhu
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Gravitational Field ◽  
Neutron Star ◽  
Total Mass ◽  
Milky Way ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Gravitational Fields ◽  
Relativistic Mass

It is discovered that the gravitational field on the surface of a neutron star is with a relativistic mass density of 2.65*1016~5.87*1018kgm-3 which can be larger than the mass density of the neutron star (~1017kgm-3). And, the total relativistic mass of the gravitational field of the Sun is ~107 times the mass of the Sun. For different stars, the relativistic mass of the gravitational field is larger as the mass density of the star is larger. In the Milky Way, the total relativistic mass of the gravitational fields is much larger than the total mass of the stars, planets and gas. And, the relativistic mass density of the observed strongest magnetic field is 2.17*108kgm-3. This discovery should be a new frame to understand the fundamental problem of physics.

scholarly journals Gravitational Field and Mass

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Field ◽  
Neutron Star ◽  
Vacuum Polarization ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Quantum Vacuum ◽  
Vacuum Fluctuation ◽  
Relativistic Mass ◽  
Field Electron ◽  
Modern Physics ◽  
Photon Collision

It is extremely fascinating and astonishing that the gravitational field on the surface of a neutron star is with a relativistic mass density of 2.65*1016~5.87*1018kgm-3 which can be larger than the mass density of the neutron star (~1017kgm-3).Therefore, it is the author’s first intuitional imagining that this field could directly convert into mass. In so strong a gravitational field, electron and proton could be produced directly from graviton–photon collision. The gravitational field exists in everywhere in our universe. No vacuum that the region of a space is “empty” does exist. A particle is clearly always being acted on by the gravitational field. The quantum vacuum fluctuation and vacuum polarization need be re-understood with the interaction between photon and gravitational field. Therefore, the gravitational field is naturally one of the foundations of modern physics.

Numerical Analysis of Air Convection in a Vertical Cylindrical Container With and Without a Gravitational Field Under a Gradient of a Magnetic Field

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masato Akamatsu ◽  
Mitsuo Higano ◽  
Yoshio Takahashi ◽  
Hiroyuki Ozoe
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Gravitational Field ◽  
Transfer Rate ◽  
Relative Orientation ◽  
Axial Position ◽  
Cylindrical Container ◽  
Gravitational Fields ◽  
Air Convection ◽  
Magnetizing Force ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Two-dimensional numerical computations were carried out for natural convection of air in a vertical cylindrical container with and without a gravitational field under a gradient of a magnetic field. The magnetic field and the magnetizing force were induced in the cylinder area and the strength and the vectors of the magnetizing force were dependent on the axial location of the electric coil. Sample computations were carried out by changing the relative orientation of an electric coil and container. In a gravitational field, air in a cylindrical container was driven by both gravitational and magnetizing forces. On the other hand, the air flow was induced by the magnetizing force even in a non-gravitational field. Flow pattern and the heat transfer rate greatly depended on the axial position of the electric coil under both gravitational and non-gravitational fields.

scholarly journals Detecting UV Radiation from Nearby Pulsars with the Hubble Space Telescope

1992 ◽  
Vol 128 ◽  
pp. 220-221
Author(s):  
George G. Pavlov
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Neutron Star ◽  
Thermal Radiation ◽  
Neutron Stars ◽  
Hubble Space Telescope ◽  
Thermal Evolution ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Space Telescope ◽  
Additional Constraints ◽  
Relativistic Particles

AbstractEven old (106 to 107 yr) pulsars within a few hundred parsecs of the Sun should give UV and optical fluxes via thermal radiation or radiation from relativistic particles. The surface temperature of a neutron star depends on its mass, radius, magnetic field, and internal composition (existence of pion condensate, superfluidity of nucléons, etc.). If the temperature exceeds ~2x104 K, the thermal radiation can be detected by the Hubble Space Telescope. An analysis of the results will allow one to study the thermal evolution and inner structure of neutron stars in order to obtain additional constraints on pulsar models.

scholarly journals Gravitoelectromagnetism and stellar orbits in galaxies

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150102
Author(s):  
Viktor T. Toth
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Dark Matter ◽  
Gravitational Field ◽  
Magnetic Force ◽  
Milky Way ◽  
Spiral Galaxies ◽  
Observable Effect ◽  
Stellar Orbits ◽  
Gravitational Fields ◽  
The Impact

Beyond the Newtonian approximation, gravitational fields in general relativity can be described using a formalism known as gravitoelectromagnetism. In this formalism, a vector potential, the gravitomagnetic potential, arises as a result of moving masses, in strong analogy with the magnetic force due to moving charges in Maxwell’s theory. Gravitomagnetism can affect orbits in the gravitational field of a massive, rotating body. This raises the possibility that gravitomagnetism may serve as the dominant physics behind the anomalous rotation curves of spiral galaxies, eliminating the need for dark matter. In this essay, we methodically work out the magnitude of the gravitomagnetic equivalent of the Lorentz force and apply the result to the Milky Way. We find that the resulting contribution is too small to produce an observable effect on these orbits. We also investigate the impact of cosmological boundary conditions on the result and find that these, too, are negligible.

Phase shifts of magneto-acoustic solitons in spin-1/2 fermionic quantum plasma during head-on collision

2012 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
PRASANTA CHATTERJEE ◽  
RAJKUMAR ROYCHOUDHURY ◽  
MALAY KUMAR GHORUI
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Phase Shift ◽  
Sound Speed ◽  
Total Mass ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Phase Shifts ◽  
Quantum Plasma ◽  
Zeeman Energy ◽  
Interesting Observation ◽  
The Waves

AbstractThe head-on collision between two magneto-acoustic solitons in spin-1/2 fermionic quantum plasma is studied in the framework of the model proposed by Marklund et al. (Marklund, M., Eliasson, B. and Shukla, P. K. 2007 Phys. Rev. E. 76, 067401). The extended Poincare–Lighthill–Kuo method is used to obtain the phase shifts and the trajectories during the head-on collision of two solitons. The effect of the Zeeman energy for different speeds of the waves, the effect of the total mass density of the charged plasma particles for different strengths of magnetic field, the effect of the speed of the wave for different values of the Zeeman energy, and that of the ratio of the sound speed to Alfven speed for different values of Zeeman energ on the phase shift are studied. It is observed that the phase shifts are significantly affected in all the cases. The most interesting observation of this paper is that the phase shifts increase as well as decrease, and also they may be positive as well as negative depending upon the domain of the chosen parameters.

scholarly journals Galactic Mass Density in the Vicinity of the Sun

1977 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-33
Author(s):  
M. Joeveer ◽  
J. Einasto
Keyword(s):  
Observational Data ◽  
Total Mass ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Solar Neighbourhood ◽  
Interstellar Matter ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Number Density ◽  
Stellar Component ◽  
The Mean

It is possible to estimate the galactic mass density in the solar neighbourhood either directly by summing up the mass densities of individual subsystems of stars and interstellar matter or indirectly from dynamical considerations.Observational data on the number density of visible stars lead to mutually consistent results on the stellar component of the mass density. The mean of different estimates is ⍴stars=0.052±0.010 Mʘpc−3. By adding the probable contributions of intrinsically faint undetected objects and of interstellar matter the value ⍴=0.09±0.02 Mʘpc−3 has been obtained for the total mass density.

scholarly journals Detecting the gravito-magnetic field of the dark halo of the Milky Way - the LaDaHaD mission concept

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo Tartaglia ◽  
Massimo Bassan ◽  
Lorenzo Casalino ◽  
Mariateresa Crosta ◽  
Mario Lattanzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Milky Way ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
Atomic Clocks ◽  
Dark Halo ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Lagrange Points ◽  
The Asymmetry ◽  
Electromagnetic Signals

AbstractWe propose to locate transponders and atomic clocks in at least three of the Lagrange points of the Sun-Earth pair, with the aim of exploiting the time of flight asymmetry between electromagnetic signals travelling in opposite directions along polygonal loops having the Lagrange points at their vertices. The asymmetry is due to the presence of a gravito-magnetic field partly caused by the angular momentum of the Sun, partly originating from the angular momentum of the galactic dark halo in which the Milky Way is embedded. We list also various opportunities which could be associated with the main objective of this Lagrange Dark Halo Detector (LaDaHaD).

scholarly journals Distribution of phantom dark matter in dwarf spheroidals

2020 ◽  
Vol 640 ◽  
pp. A26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alistair O. Hodson ◽  
Antonaldo Diaferio ◽  
Luisa Ostorero
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Gravitational Field ◽  
External Field ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Milky Way ◽  
Local Group ◽  
Large Scale Structure ◽  
Scale Structure ◽  
Gravitational Fields ◽  
Theory Of Gravity

We derive the distribution of the phantom dark matter in the eight classical dwarf galaxies surrounding the Milky Way, under the assumption that modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) is the correct theory of gravity. According to their observed shape, we model the dwarfs as axisymmetric systems, rather than spherical systems, as usually assumed. In addition, as required by the assumption of the MOND framework, we realistically include the external gravitational field of the Milky Way and of the large-scale structure beyond the Local Group. For the dwarfs where the external field dominates over the internal gravitational field, the phantom dark matter has, from the star distribution, an offset of ∼0.1−0.2 kpc, depending on the mass-to-light ratio adopted. This offset is a substantial fraction of the dwarf half-mass radius. For Sculptor and Fornax, where the internal and external gravitational fields are comparable, the phantom dark matter distribution appears disturbed with spikes at the locations where the two fields cancel each other; these features have little connection with the distribution of the stars within the dwarfs. Finally, we find that the external field due to the large-scale structure beyond the Local Group has a very minor effect. The features of the phantom dark matter we find represent a genuine prediction of MOND, and could thus falsify this theory of gravity in the version we adopt here if they are not observationally confirmed.

scholarly journals The Gravitomagnetic Effects in Rapidly Rotating Neutron Stars: A Theoretical Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-157
Author(s):  
Atsnaita Yasrina ◽  
Nugroho Adi Pramono
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Gravitational Field ◽  
Neutron Star ◽  
Neutron Stars ◽  
Strong Magnetic Field ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Distribution Density ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Electromagnetic Measurements ◽  
General Relativistic

Electromagnetic measurements of a general relativistic gravitomagnetic effect can be done within the conductor embedded in a rotating gravitational object’s spacetime. Neutron stars are rotating gravitational object that have strong magnetic field. The gravitomagnetic effect in a neutron star can be determined from the distribution density in the conductor. Neutron star is assumed as a conductor and it rotates rapidly. The distribution density inside the conductor is obtained from the electromagnetic contravariant tensor and the relativistic rotational speed of the conductor. It has obtained the distribution density inside the conductor for the rapidly rotating neutron star. The results are compared to the slowly rotating neutron star which depends on the angular veolocity and the gravitational field.

scholarly journals Simplification of Galactic Dynamic equations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Qiu Gu
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Field ◽  
Density Distribution ◽  
Total Mass ◽  
Spiral Structure ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Structural Equations ◽  
Galactic Dynamics ◽  
Inviscid Fluid ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Dark Halo

Most fully developed galaxies have vivid spiral structure, but the formation and evolution of spiral structure is still a mystery that is not fully understood in astrophysics. We find that the currently used equations of galactic dynamics contain some unreasonable components. In this paper, the following three working assumptions are introduced to simplify the galactic structural equations. 1. In the research of large-scale structure, the retarded potential of the gravitational field should be taken into account. The propagating time of the gravitational field from center to border is longer than the revolution periods of the stars near the center of galaxy. Newton's gravitational potential is unreasonable for such case, and the weak field and low velocity approximation of Einstein's field equation should be adopted. 2. The stars in a fully developed galaxy should be zero-pressure and inviscid fluid, and the equation of motion is different from that of ordinary continuum mechanics. Stars move along geodesics. 3. The structure of the galaxy is only related to the total mass density distribution. The equation of state of dark halo is different from that of ordinary luminous interstellar matter, so their trajectories are also very different. Dark halo and ordinary matter in galaxy are automatically separated. The total mass density distribution can be presupposed according to the observation data, and then it can be determined by comparing the solution of the equations with the observed data. These assumptions and treatments are supported by theory and observation. The variables of the equations of simplified galactic dynamics are separated from each other, and the equations are well-posed and can be solved according to a definite procedure. Therefore, this simplified dynamic equation system provides a more reasonable and practical framework for the further study of galactic structure, and can solve many practical problems. Besides, it is closely related to the study of dark energy and dark matter.

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