scholarly journals Residential Mobility of a Cohort of Homeless People in Times of Crisis: COVID-19 Pandemic in an European Metropolis

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agathe Allibert ◽  
Aurélie Tinland ◽  
Jordi Landier ◽  
Sandrine Loubière ◽  
Jean Gaudart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residential Mobility ◽  
Large City ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Homeless Population ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Sociological Factors ◽  
Unique Information ◽  
Actual Model ◽  
Emergency Shelters ◽  
The City

Most vulnerable individuals are particularly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study takes place in a large city in France. The aim of this study is to describe the mobility of the homeless population at the begin-ning of the health crisis and to analyze its impact in terms of COVID-19 prevalence. From June to August 2020 and September to December 2020, 1272 homeless people were invited to be tested for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and virus in and completed questionnaires. Our data show that homeless populations are sociologically dif-ferent depending on where they live. We show that people living on the street were most likely to be relocated to emergency shelters than other inhabitants. Some neighborhoods are points of attraction for homeless peo-ple in the city while others emptied during the health crisis, which had consequences for virus circulation. People with a greater number of different dwellings reported became more infected. This first study of the mo-bility and epidemiology of homeless people in time of pandemic provides unique information about mobility mapping, sociological factors of this mobility, mobility at different scales and epidemiological consequences. We suggest that homeless policies need to be radically transformed since actual model exposes people to infection in emergency.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies Among Homeless People Living Rough, in Shelters and Squats: A Large Population-Based Study in France

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandrine Loubière ◽  
Elisabetta Monfardini ◽  
Camille Allaria ◽  
Marine Mosnier ◽  
Agathe Allibert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Population ◽  
Large City ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Homeless Population ◽  
Health Maintenance ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
Sanitary Conditions ◽  
To Receive

Background: Overcrowded housing, as well as inadequate sanitary conditions, contribute to making homeless people particularly vulnerable to the SARS-CoV-2 infection. We aimed to assess the seroprevalence of the SARS-CoV-2 infection among people experiencing homelessness on a large city-wide scale in France, taking into account different community settings. Methods: A consortium of outreach teams in 48 different locations including streets, slums, squats, emergency or transitional shelters and drop-in centres participated in the inclusion process. All participants consented to receive a validated rapid assay for immunoglobulins M (IgM) and G (IgG) antibodies and to answer a questionnaire on medical health conditions, comorbidities, historic of symptoms compatible with COVID-19, with a retrospective calendar of types of accommodation since COVID-19 crisis. Results: From June 01 to August 05, 2020, 1,156 homeless participants were enrolled in the study and tested. Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM antibodies was 5.6% (95%CI 2.3–7.0), with a range of 2.2% in people living on the streets to 8.1% in people living in emergency shelters (P=0.009). Around one third of the seropositive participants reported symptoms with COVID-19. Compared to the general population in Marseille (3.6%), the homeless population living in the same urban area experienced an significant increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection (|z|=3.65 > 1.96). Conclusion: These results highlight the need for organizing regular screening to prevent clusters forming in homeless accommodations and for providing basic resources for health maintenance.

scholarly journals Residence registration to cope with homelessness: evidence from a qualitative research study in Milan

Genus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pasqualini ◽  
G. Bazzani
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Homeless Persons ◽  
Homeless Population ◽  
Qualitative Research Study ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Registration Process ◽  
The City

AbstractHomeless people are one of the most vulnerable and marginalized groups in developed countries, and their homelessness situation often persists over the long term. However, so far, no studies have explained the specific role played by residence registration as it relates to deprivation amongst the homeless population and its contribution to improving the lives of homeless people. This paper investigates the paths homeless people in Milan use to access residence registration, via a case study in the city of Milan. Home to Italy’s largest homeless population, the city of Milan has implemented the innovative ResidenzaMi project to improve access to residence registration for homeless people. The study considers official statistics and individual interviews with service providers involved in the registration process. It further investigates the main factors impeding the registration process and outlines the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results from our study indicate that a residence certificate plays a critical role in helping homeless people exercise their rights and access the services they need to escape homelessness. Our findings suggest the importance of a holistic, multidimensional approach to ensure access to residence registration for homeless persons.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among homeless people living rough, in shelters and squats: A large population-based study in France

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0255498
Author(s):  
Sandrine Loubiere ◽  
Elisabetta Monfardini ◽  
Camille Allaria ◽  
Marine Mosnier ◽  
Agathe Allibert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Population ◽  
Large City ◽  
Cumulative Risk ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Homeless Population ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
Sanitary Conditions

Background Overcrowded housing, as well as inadequate sanitary conditions, contribute to making homeless people particularly vulnerable to the SARS-CoV-2 infection. We aimed to assess the seroprevalence of the SARS-CoV-2 infection among people experiencing homelessness on a large city-wide scale in Marseille, France, taking into account different types of accommodation. Methods A consortium of outreach teams in 48 different locations including streets, slums, squats, emergency or transitional shelters and drop-in centres participated in the inclusion process. All participants consented to have a validated rapid antibody assay for immunoglobulins M (IgM) and G (IgG) and to answer a questionnaire on medical health conditions, comorbidities, and previous COVID-19 symptoms. Information on their housing conditions since the COVID-19 crisis was also collected from the participants. Results From June 01 to August 05, 2020, 1,156 homeless participants were enrolled in the study and tested. The overall seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM antibodies was 5.6% (95%CI 2.3–7.0), ranging from 2.2% in people living on the streets to 8.1% in people living in emergency shelters (P = 0.009). Around one third of the seropositive participants reported COVID-19 symptoms. Compared to the general population in Marseille (3.6%), the homeless population living in the same urban area experienced a significantly increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection (|z| = 3.65 > 1.96). Conclusion These findings highlight the need for regular screening among the homeless to prevent clustering in overcrowded or inadequate accommodations. It is also necessary to provide essential resources to keep homeless people healthy, the vast majority of whom have cumulative risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Neighborhood Distribution of Unsheltered Homelessness and its Temporal Changes: Evidence from Los Angeles

2021 ◽  
pp. 107808742110599
Author(s):  
Eun Jin Shin
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Count Data ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Homeless Population ◽  
Neighborhood Characteristics ◽  
City Center ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
The City

Using the 2016–2020 point-in-time homeless count data, this study investigates neighborhood characteristics associated with the levels of and changes in unsheltered homeless population density in Los Angeles. The results show that unsheltered homeless people in the study area are heavily concentrated in and around the city center, and in neighborhoods with greater access to shelters and lower socioeconomic status. Notably, neighborhoods closer to the city center experienced a relatively large increase in unsheltered homelessness during the study period, implying a persistent spatial concentration of unsheltered homelessness. The results consistently indicate that residential land share, Hispanic resident share, and the number of bridges in the baseline year are significant predictors of relative changes in unsheltered homelessness in subsequent years, whereas access to shelters and poverty rates are not. This study’s findings provide several important policy implications that could potentially help prevent and mitigate unsheltered homelessness.

scholarly journals No place to shelter: ethnography of the homeless population in the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (suppl 2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hermes Candido de Paula ◽  
Donizete Vago Daher ◽  
Fabiana Ferreira Koopmans ◽  
Magda Guimarães de Araujo Faria ◽  
Patricia Ferraccioli Siqueira Lemos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Domain Analysis ◽  
Homeless Population ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Population Isolation ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Great Circulation ◽  
The City

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze how homeless people live, in times of COVID-19 pandemic, in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Method: an ethnographic research that used interviews and observations and articles published in newspapers and magazines of great circulation, using domain analysis. Results: the results tell how the COVID-19 pandemic emerged for the homeless population. Isolation led to emptying the streets and reducing passers-by, damaging their ways of living and their survival tactics. Hunger, thirst, absence of places for bathing and for fulfilling physiological needs became part of their daily lives. Final considerations: given the impossibility of having a place to shelter, acquiring food and water and the limitations in carrying out preventive measures, care actions offered by managers to limit the virus to spread, even in this population, are ineffective.

Particularities in immigration amongst homeless women in Girona

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s900-s901 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Calvo ◽  
C. Giralt ◽  
C. Xavier
Keyword(s):  
Homeless People ◽  
Homeless Women ◽  
Homeless Population ◽  
Demographic Differences ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Affected Person ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
The City ◽  
Migratory Process

IntroductionHomelessness is a problem which affects all the areas of those who suffer it, affecting their health seriously. These risks increase when the affected person has carried out a migratory process. Another risk factor, apart from immigration, is to be woman.ObjectivesTo analyse the gender demographic differences in a total cohort of homeless people in the city of Girona in 2006 and continued until the present day.MethodsProspective longitudinal study of the total population of homeless people in Girona. In 2006, a list was made of all the homeless people detected by both specialized and non-specialized teams which have been followed until the present day.ResultsThe total number of women in the sample is lower (n = 106, 11.2%). There are fewer immigrant than autochthonous women (Chi2 = 23,1, df = 1, P < 0.001).After following the total homeless population in 2006, we can confirm that currently we can still identify 62 people in the territory (6.7%). In this subsample there are no differences between genders (man: n = 54, 6.5% vs. woman: n = 8, 7.5%; Chi2 = 0.21, df = 2, P = 0.89). That is, men and women remain in their homeless condition in a proportional way. This fact presents great limitations, since we do not know what happened with the other 93% of the initial sample.ConclusionsThe masculinisation of the homeless people from Maghreb has tended to increase the gender differences in the homeless population, in itself more masculine. This presents a risk of increasing the invisibility of homeless women.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

From Urban Renewal to the BeltLine: Atlanta’s Use of Public Health Narratives to Reshape the City

2021 ◽  
pp. 153851322098415
Author(s):  
L. Katie OConnell ◽  
Nisha Botchwey
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Urban Renewal ◽  
Black Communities ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Planning Profession ◽  
White Middle Class ◽  
Mass Displacement ◽  
City Agencies ◽  
The City

Since the early days of the planning profession, city agencies relied on a public health crisis narrative as a rationale for mass displacement efforts that targeted black communities. Over time, as cities gentrified with white, middle-class residents, the narrative shifted toward the city as a place of health. This article compares Atlanta’s redevelopment narratives from urban renewal to its current citywide greenway project, the BeltLine, to understand how city officials utilized public health language to rationalize displacement and how the narratives ran counter to residents’ lived experience.

scholarly journals On What Do the Homeless Base Their Happiness?

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1512
Author(s):  
Yaiza Cano-González ◽  
Carmen Portillo-Sotelo ◽  
María del Mar Rodríguez-del-Águila ◽  
María Paz García-Caro ◽  
Ana M. Núñez-Negrillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Homeless Persons ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Support Strategies ◽  
Northern Areas ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

Objective: To determine the relationship between the characteristics and experiences of homeless persons and their state of happiness as a basis for designing appropriate social support strategies. Design: Exploratory observational study with an analytical and descriptive qualitative design. Setting: Participants were contacted, administered with questionnaires, and interviewed in the street (central and northern areas of the city) or at the “Asociación Calor y Café” center in Granada (Spain) between April 2017 and February 2018. Participants: Selected by intentional sampling, 25 participants completed questionnaires in the first study and 14 of these were administered with questionnaires and interviewed in the second study. Method: General and specific questionnaires were administered to determine the state of happiness and other variables. Descriptive statistics were followed by an analysis of the relationships between variables and the content analysis of semi-structured interviews. Results: A feeling of happiness was described by 64% of participants and confirmed by a happiness scale score of 50%. Participants who felt satisfied with their life were 4.5-fold more likely to feel happy (p = 0.021). Expectations for the future were not associated with happiness or satisfaction with life. Content analysis of interviews revealed three main themes: conditions for happiness, own happiness/unhappiness, and self-esteem. Conclusions: Many homeless people describe themselves as feeling happy and satisfied with their life. Material aspects, affective situations, daily life concerns, and self-esteem predominate in their discourse on happiness.

scholarly journals EU NÃO SOU DA SUA RUA: O REGISTRO EM TEXTO E FOTOGRAFIA DE MORADORES DE RUA EM PRESIDENTE PRUDENTE

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (Especial 2) ◽  
pp. 760-766
Author(s):  
Maria Luisa Hoffmann ◽  
Roberto Aparecido Mancuzo Silva Junior
Keyword(s):  
Research Study ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Life Context ◽  
Intensive Observation ◽  
The City

The present research documented the live of homeless people in the city of Presidente Prudente through a photobook with profile texts. Therefore, it was necessary to understand the life context of these individuals through qualitative and exploratory research. Study of case was used as method, with the support of techniques such as bibliographic research, intensive observation and interviews. The study allowed new reflections and discussions about the situation of homeless people in the city and about the journalist's role nowadays. The photobook produced contains 49 photographs of 12 selected characters.

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