Predicting peatland groundwater table and soil moisture dynamics affected by drainage level

Excessive drainage of peatlands can cause subsidence and irreversible drying; therefore, it is necessary to predict groundwater levels in peatlands to ensure adequate water for crops and control excessive water loss simultaneously. This study aimed to predict the peatland groundwater level and soil moisture affected by drainage. This research was conducted in a peatland located in Rasau Jaya Umum, Kubu Raya Regency, West Kalimantan Province, Indonesia from February to December 2016. Three treatments of drainage setting were established with maize cropping: without drainage (P0) and drainage channel with water level maintained at depths of 30 cm (P1) and 60 cm (P2) from the soil surface. The results indicated that a polynomial regression model is a good approach to predicting groundwater table level and soil moisture in peatlands, with R<sup>2</sup> values ranging 0.71-0.96 and 0.65-0.93, respectively. For agricultural purposes, maintaining the water level at 30 cm from the soil surface in the drainage channel appears to be the ideal level as adequate soil moisture is provided for annual cash crops and drying is prevented simultaneously.

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Valley reforestation to lower saline groundwater tables - Results from Stene Farm, Western-Australia

Soil Research ◽

10.1071/sr9910635 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 29 (5) ◽

pp. 635 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

NJ Schofield ◽

MA Bari

Keyword(s):

Western Australia ◽

Tree Species ◽

Soil Surface ◽

Groundwater Table ◽

Native Forest ◽

Groundwater Salinity ◽

Saline Groundwater ◽

Groundwater Levels ◽

Salinity Increase ◽

The 1950S

Dense planting of selected trees in salt-affected valley floors and non-saline adjacent slopes has been evaluated as one strategy for controlling rising saline groundwater under agriculture. Of the 127 ha experimental catchment, 44% had been cleared of native forest in the 1950s. Valley reforestation covering 35% of the cleared area took place in 1979, by which time a groundwater of 5300 mg L-1 TSS had risen to within 0.5 m of the soil surface. The eucalypt reforestation was successful in lowering the groundwater table by 1.5 m by 1989, whilst groundwater levels under nearby pasture had risen by 1.8 m. The groundwater salinity beneath reforestation decreased by 30% over the study period, allaying fears of a detrimental groundwater salinity increase brought about by transpirative concentration. Measures such as replanting failed areas, implementing agricultural recharge control or selecting higher water using tree species would improve the performance of the valley reforestation strategy.

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Modeling seasonal soil moisture dynamics in gley soils in relation to groundwater table oscillations in eastern Croatia

CATENA ◽

10.1016/j.catena.2021.105987 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 211 ◽

pp. 105987

Author(s):

Vedran Krevh ◽

Vilim Filipović ◽

Lana Filipović ◽

Valentina Mateković ◽

Dragutin Petošić ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Groundwater Table ◽

Soil Moisture Dynamics ◽

Moisture Dynamics

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Soil moisture dynamics and implications for irrigation of farmland with a deep groundwater table

Agricultural Water Management ◽

10.1016/j.agwat.2017.07.003 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 192 ◽

pp. 138-148 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Xudong Li ◽

Yong Zhao ◽

Weihua Xiao ◽

Mingzhi Yang ◽

Yanjun Shen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Groundwater Table ◽

Deep Groundwater ◽

Soil Moisture Dynamics ◽

Moisture Dynamics

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Event and seasonal hydrologic connectivity patterns in an agricultural headwater catchment

Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ◽

10.5194/hess-25-2327-2021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 2327-2352

Author(s):

Lovrenc Pavlin ◽

Borbála Széles ◽

Peter Strauss ◽

Alfred Paul Blaschke ◽

Günter Blöschl

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Spatial Organization ◽

Groundwater Table ◽

Peak Time ◽

Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽

Topographic Wetness Index ◽

Event Scale ◽

Soil Moisture Dynamics ◽

Moisture Dynamics ◽

Headwater Catchment

Abstract. Connectivity of the hillslope and the stream is a non-stationary and non-linear phenomenon dependent on many controls. The objective of this study is to identify these controls by examining the spatial and temporal patterns of the similarity between shallow groundwater and soil moisture dynamics and streamflow dynamics in the Hydrological Open Air Laboratory (HOAL), a small (66 ha) agricultural headwater catchment in Lower Austria. We investigate the responses to 53 precipitation events and the seasonal dynamics of streamflow, groundwater and soil moisture over 2 years. The similarity, in terms of Spearman correlation coefficient, hysteresis index and peak-to-peak time, of groundwater to streamflow shows a clear spatial organization, which is best correlated with topographic position index, topographic wetness index and depth to the groundwater table. The similarity is greatest in the riparian zone and diminishes further away from the stream where the groundwater table is deeper. Soil moisture dynamics show high similarity to streamflow but no clear spatial pattern. This is reflected in a low correlation of the similarity with site characteristics. However, the similarity increases with increasing catchment wetness and rainfall duration. Groundwater connectivity to the stream on the seasonal scale is higher than that on the event scale, indicating that groundwater contributes more to the baseflow than to event runoff.

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PENGARUH PEMBAKARAN BERULANG PADA LAHAN GAMBUT TERHADAP BEBERAPA KARAKTERISTIK TANAH DI DESA RASAU JAYA UMUM KABUPATEN KUBU RAYA KALIMANTAN BARAT

JURNAL HUTAN LESTARI ◽

10.26418/jhl.v8i3.42810 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Yuliana Astuti ◽

Dwi Astiani ◽

Ratna Herawatiningsih

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Ground Water ◽

Water Content ◽

Water Level ◽

Chemical Nature ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Soil Characteristics ◽

Peat Soils ◽

West Kalimantan

The National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB) identifies eight provinces considered prone to forest and land fires in Indonesia. Four provinces are in Sumatra and four are in Kalimantan, one of which is West Kalimantan. Forest and land fires seem to have become a disaster in West Kalimantan, especially every dry season. Burning activies in the preparation of land for agriculture in the village of Rasau Jaya General is still using a relatively simple technology, namely the method of "slash and burn". The impacts caused by the peat fire process are in the form of water vapor from the combustion process in the air so that smoke formed which is very thick, causes environmental pollution and can affect soil conditions such as physical and chemical properties of peat soils. The purpose of this study was to obtain information about the effects of repeated burning on peatlands on soil characteristics in Rasau Jaya Umum Village, Kubu Raya Regency, West Kalimantan. This research was conducted by survey method and carried out with purposive sampling on 3 research sites, which were on land that had repeated burning twice, 4 times and 5 times. Soil physical properties observed were peat maturity (fiber content), water content, soil moisture, water level and bulk density. The level of fertility of peatlands is influenced by the chemical nature of the soil. The chemical nature of the soil is one of the limiting factors for knowing nutrients in the soil that are beneficial for plant growth. Determination of the level of soil fertility in peatlands can be done by analyzing the chemical properties of the soil. Analysis of the soil chemical properties includes analysis of the main element content such as acidity (pH), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and cation exchange capacity (CEC). The physical properties of the soil consisting of the weight of the contents, the moisture content varies with different levels of burning, the higher the value of the weight of the contents, the more dense a soil and vice versa. In the value of water content, the amount of combustion influences the amount of ground water content, the more number of combustion, the value of water content also increases. Peat environmental conditions observed in the field consisted of soil moisture, soil temperature and ground water level measured for 7 days and obtained a mean value that also varied did not show its effect on the number of repeated fires. The chemical properties of peat soils on the number of repeated burning can increase and decrease each nutrient value consisting of N, P, K and also CEC. Nutrients that increase in the amount of combustion are pH, N, and CEC while the value of nutrients that decrease is K and P. This shows that the greater the level of combustion, the pH, N, and CEC greater.Keywords: peatlands, repeated burning, soil characteristics

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Event and seasonal hydrologic connectivity patterns in an agricultural headwater catchment

10.5194/hess-2020-372 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Lovrenc Pavlin ◽

Borbála Széles ◽

Peter Strauss ◽

Alfred Paul Blaschke ◽

Günter Blöschl

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Shallow Groundwater ◽

Groundwater Table ◽

Peak Time ◽

Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽

Topographic Wetness Index ◽

Event Scale ◽

Soil Moisture Dynamics ◽

Moisture Dynamics ◽

Headwater Catchment

Abstract. Connectivity of the hillslope and the stream is a non stationary and non linear phenomenon dependent on many controls. The objective of this study is to identify these controls by examining the spatial and temporal patterns of the similarity between shallow groundwater and soil moisture dynamics and streamflow dynamics in the Hydrological Open Air Laboratory (HOAL), a small (66 ha) agricultural headwater catchment in Lower Austria. We investigate the responses to 53 precipitation events and the seasonal dynamics of streamflow, groundwater and soil moisture over two years. The similarity, in terms of Spearman correlation coefficient, hysteresis index and peak-to-peak time, of groundwater to streamflow shows a clear spatial organisation, which is best correlated to topographic position index, topographic wetness index and depth to the groundwater table. The similarity is greatest in the riparian zone and diminishes further away from the stream where the groundwater table is deeper. Soil moisture dynamics show high similarity to streamflow but no clear spatial pattern. This is reflected in a low correlation of the similarity to site-characteristics, however, the similarity increases with increasing catchment wetness and rainfall duration. Groundwater connectivity to the stream on the seasonal scale is higher than that on the event scale indicating that groundwater contributes more to the baseflow than to event runoff.

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The Prognosis of Influence of The Oder River Waters Dammed by Malczyce Barrage on Left Bank Areas

Journal of Water and Land Development ◽

10.2478/jwld-2014-0010 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 19-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mieczysław Chalfen ◽

Wojciech Łyczko ◽

Leszek Pływaczyk

Keyword(s):

Water Level ◽

Groundwater Table ◽

Richards Equation ◽

Left Bank ◽

Groundwater Levels ◽

River Waters ◽

Initial Stage ◽

Calculation Results ◽

Ground Conditions ◽

Oder River

Abstract The finalisation of the construction of the Malczyce barrage is planned for 2015. Damming of the river will cause a change in the water and ground conditions in the adjoining areas. The paper analyses the influence of the water level in the Oder River dammed by the barrage on groundwater table level in the left bank valley. A model which allows the prediction of groundwater levels depending on the assumed water level in the Oder was constructed. The analysis was conducted for three different variants: for the initial stage before damming the Oder River and for the conditions after damming the water up with and without the drainage devices included in the project. The calculations were done in several chosen transects across the river valley. The mathematical model of flow in the aquifer based on the Richards equation was applied. The results of calculations were presented as the spatial distribution of piezometric pressures which were used to determine the groundwater table for each of the transects. The calculation results from the vertical models were transposed into a horizontal model. The comparison of appropriate results allowed to positively verify the designed model and to analyse the effectiveness of the realised project solutions.

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Delineating soil moisture dynamics as affected by tillage in wheat, Rice and establishment methods of rice during intervening period

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v7i1.617 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 364-368 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Rajan Bhatt ◽

S. S. Kukal

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Water Productivity ◽

Residual Effect ◽

Soil Surface ◽

Soil Moisture Dynamics ◽

Evaporation Losses ◽

Direct Seeded ◽

Moisture Dynamics ◽

Water Depths

Intervening cropping period perhaps the most ignored period, which could be exploited for cultivating the intervening crops which further add to the soil, crop and water productivity and finally livelihood of the farmers of the region. The present investigation was carried out after rice- 2014, to monitor the residual effect of different tillage (wheat), establishment methods and tillage (rice) on the fluctuating behaviour of the soil moisture during intervening period. Our findings suggested that CTW-DSRZT (conventionally tilled wheat and zero till direct seeded rice) plots conserved more moisture than ZTW-DSRZT (zero till wheat and zero till direct seeded rice) plots an exception of CTWDSRCT plots which were almost equally effective in conserving the soil moisture. On an average, soil matric tension (SMT) was reported to be 36% higher in CTWDSRZT than CTWDSRP plots at 10cm soil surface. Further, ZTW-DSRZT plots on an average dried 8% faster than ZTW-DSRP plots. At 20cm, DSRZT plots dried 3% faster than its allied plots while at 30cm depth, in DSRP plots, SMT values increased 12% and 11% higher under CTW block and ZTW blocks, respectively than its allied plots. SMT readings in all the ZTW plots on an average increased at much more faster rates (24%) than CTW plots. The ZT plots had 1.4% higher water depths than the CT plots. Evaporation losses pragmatic to be higher (17.2% and 7.3%) in ZTW-DSRZT plots as compared to the ZTW-DSRCT and CTW-DSRCT plots which might improve declining crops and water productivity in the region.

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Analysis of surface and root-zone soil moisture dynamics with ERS scatterometer and the hydrometeorological model SAFRAN-ISBA-MODCOU at Grand Morin watershed (France)

Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ◽

10.5194/hess-12-1415-2008 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 1415-1424 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

T. Paris Anguela ◽

M. Zribi ◽

S. Hasenauer ◽

F. Habets ◽

C. Loumagne

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Land Surface ◽

Root Zone ◽

Spatial Scales ◽

Soil Surface ◽

Temporal Variations ◽

Model Verification ◽

Atmospheric Conditions ◽

Soil Moisture Dynamics ◽

Moisture Dynamics

Abstract. Spatial and temporal variations of soil moisture strongly affect flooding, erosion, solute transport and vegetation productivity. Its characterization, offers an avenue to improve our understanding of complex land surface-atmosphere interactions. In this paper, soil moisture dynamics at soil surface (first centimeters) and root-zone (up to 1.5 m depth) are investigated at three spatial scales: local scale (field measurements), 8×8 km2 (hydrological model) and 25×25 km2 scale (ERS scatterometer) in a French watershed. This study points out the quality of surface and root-zone soil moisture data for SIM model and ERS scatterometer for a three year period. Surface soil moisture is highly variable because is more influenced by atmospheric conditions (rain, wind and solar radiation), and presents RMSE up to 0.08 m3 m−3. On the other hand, root-zone moisture presents lower variability with small RMSE (between 0.02 and 0.06 m3 m−3). These results will contribute to satellite and model verification of moisture, but also to better application of radar data for data assimilation in future.

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A comparative study of the seed germination biology of a narrow endemic and two geographically-widespread species ofSolidago(Asteraceae). 4. Role of soil moisture in regulating germination

Seed Science Research ◽

10.1017/s0960258500003652 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 303-310 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Jeffrey L. Walck ◽

Jerry M. Baskin ◽

Carol C. Baskin

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Seed Germination ◽

Soil Surface ◽

The Other ◽

Ecological Implication ◽

Widespread Species ◽

Rainfall Events ◽

Narrow Endemic ◽

And Control

AbstractSeeds of the narrow-endemicSolidago shortiiand of the geographically-widespreadS. altissimaandS. nemoralisburied in December 1993 were exhumed in June 1995 and given 10 cycles of 1 day wet/5 days dry, 9 of 2/5, 8 of 3/5, 7 of 4/5 and 6 of 5/5 in light at 30/15°C; the control was kept continuously wet during the experiment. Seeds of the three species incubated on wet substrate for 3, 4 or 5 days germinated to ≥47% during the first cycle. On the other hand, seeds kept moist 2 days germinated to only 4–26% in the first cycle, and none kept moist for 1 day germinated. Cumulative germination percentages of seeds of all three species at the end of the final cycle of the 1/5 treatment were 0–4%. In the 2/5 treatment, cumulative germination percentages ofS. altissimaandS. shortiiseeds at the end of the final cycle were 50 and 41%, respectively, but that ofS. nemoraliswas only 4%. For all three species, cumulative germination percentages were ≥55% at the end of the final cycle of the 3/5, 4/5 and 5/5 treatments. Control seeds of the three species germinated to 85–99% after 2 weeks, and no additional seeds germinated during the remainder of the experiment. High percentages of seeds were viable in the treatments and control at the end of the experiment; however, some seeds ofS. nemoralisandS. shortiigiven 1/5, 2/5 and 3/5 treatments became dormant. The ecological implication of this study is that seeds of the three species will not germinate on the soil surface after brief rainfall events in summer. The germination response of the narrow endemic is similar to that of its two geographically-widespread congeners.

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