scholarly journals PENGARUH PEMBAKARAN BERULANG PADA LAHAN GAMBUT TERHADAP BEBERAPA KARAKTERISTIK TANAH DI DESA RASAU JAYA UMUM KABUPATEN KUBU RAYA KALIMANTAN BARAT

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliana Astuti ◽  
Dwi Astiani ◽  
Ratna Herawatiningsih
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Chemical Nature ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Peat Soils ◽  
West Kalimantan

The National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB) identifies eight provinces considered prone to forest and land fires in Indonesia. Four provinces are in Sumatra and four are in Kalimantan, one of which is West Kalimantan. Forest and land fires seem to have become a disaster in West Kalimantan, especially every dry season. Burning activies in the preparation of land for agriculture in the village of Rasau Jaya General is still using a relatively simple technology, namely the method of "slash and burn". The impacts caused by the peat fire process are in the form of water vapor from the combustion process in the air so that smoke formed which is very thick, causes environmental pollution and can affect soil conditions such as physical and chemical properties of peat soils. The purpose of this study was to obtain information about the effects of repeated burning on peatlands on soil characteristics in Rasau Jaya Umum Village, Kubu Raya Regency, West Kalimantan. This research was conducted by survey method and carried out with purposive sampling on 3 research sites, which were on land that had repeated burning twice, 4 times and 5 times. Soil physical properties observed were peat maturity (fiber content), water content, soil moisture, water level and bulk density. The level of fertility of peatlands is influenced by the chemical nature of the soil. The chemical nature of the soil is one of the limiting factors for knowing nutrients in the soil that are beneficial for plant growth. Determination of the level of soil fertility in peatlands can be done by analyzing the chemical properties of the soil. Analysis of the soil chemical properties includes analysis of the main element content such as acidity (pH), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and cation exchange capacity (CEC). The physical properties of the soil consisting of the weight of the contents, the moisture content varies with different levels of burning, the higher the value of the weight of the contents, the more dense a soil and vice versa. In the value of water content, the amount of combustion influences the amount of ground water content, the more number of combustion, the value of water content also increases. Peat environmental conditions observed in the field consisted of soil moisture, soil temperature and ground water level measured for 7 days and obtained a mean value that also varied did not show its effect on the number of repeated fires. The chemical properties of peat soils on the number of repeated burning can increase and decrease each nutrient value consisting of N, P, K and also CEC. Nutrients that increase in the amount of combustion are pH, N, and CEC while the value of nutrients that decrease is K and P. This shows that the greater the level of combustion, the pH, N, and CEC greater.Keywords: peatlands, repeated burning, soil characteristics

scholarly journals Characterizing Soil Physical Properties for Soil Moisture Monitoring with the North Carolina Environment and Climate Observing Network

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 933-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weinan Pan ◽  
R. P. Boyles ◽  
J. G. White ◽  
J. L. Heitman
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
The North ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Soil Moisture Monitoring

Abstract Soil moisture has important implications for meteorology, climatology, hydrology, and agriculture. This has led to growing interest in development of in situ soil moisture monitoring networks. Measurement interpretation is severely limited without soil property data. In North Carolina, soil moisture has been monitored since 1999 as a routine parameter in the statewide Environment and Climate Observing Network (ECONet), but with little soils information available for ECONet sites. The objective of this paper is to provide soils data for ECONet development. The authors studied soil physical properties at 27 ECONet sites and generated a database with 13 soil physical parameters, including sand, silt, and clay contents; bulk density; total porosity; saturated hydraulic conductivity; air-dried water content; and water retention at six pressures. Soil properties were highly variable among individual ECONet sites [coefficients of variation (CVs) ranging from 12% to 80%]. This wide range of properties suggests very different behavior among sites with respect to soil moisture. A principal component analysis indicated parameter groupings associated primarily with soil texture, bulk density, and air-dried water content accounted for 80% of the total variance in the dataset. These results suggested that a few specific soil properties could be measured to provide an understanding of differences in sites with respect to major soil properties. The authors also illustrate how the measured soil properties have been used to develop new soil moisture products and data screening for the North Carolina ECONet. The methods, analysis, and results presented here have applications to North Carolina and for other regions with heterogeneous soils where soil moisture monitoring is valuable.

scholarly journals Disaster Risk Mitigation for Forest and Land Fire Prevention in Sumatera

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tukiyat Tukiyat ◽  
F. Heru Widodo ◽  
R. Djoko Goenawan
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Ground Water Level ◽  
Fire Prevention ◽  
Weather Modification ◽  
Actual Fire

<em>The phenomenon of forest and land fires (karhutla) in Sumatera always recurs every year. During the dry season, it is necessary to be aware of the emergence of hotspots and be addressed immediately before an actual fire occurs. This study aims to prevent the risk of forest and land fires by applying Weather Modification Technology (TMC). The application of TMC is intended to wet the land (rewetting) so that hotspots do not appear. The research was conducted in Riau, Jambi and South Sumatera Provinces. Research observations were carried out from May to June 2020. The results showed that TMC could increase the intensity of rainfall. The volume of rainwater produced for Riau is 44.1 million m<sup>3</sup> and in Jambi and South Sumatera as much as 50.20 million m<sup>3</sup>. The rainfall that falls is expected to wet the peatlands and fill the peat domes so that TMAT (ground water level) is maintained and soil moisture is maintained. During the implementation of TMC, it was possible to keep the TMAT from dropping more than 40 cm, even for some locations where the TMAT peat measurement had increased.</em>

scholarly journals Soil characteristics and CO2 emissions of ex-burnt peatland in Kubu Raya District, West Kalimantan, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Astiani ◽  
TRI WIDIASTUTI ◽  
SITI LATIFAH ◽  
DARBIN SIMATUPANG
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
Burnt Site

Abstract. Astiani D, Widiastuti T, Latifah S, Simatupang D. 2020. Soil characteristics and CO2 emissions of ex-burnt peatland in Kubu Raya District, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 3691-3698. West Kalimantan, Indonesia has a large extent of tropical peatland with total ​​1.74 million ha with only 44.5% of such areas remaining as peat forest, while the rests have been converted into plantations, agricultural lands, and shrubs. The conversion of peat forest often uses fires to clear the vegetation and is followed by building canal to drain the water. The lack of vegetation combined with drought soil trigger uncontrolled escaped fire, especially in the dry season or El-Nino events, which is likely to affect soil characteristics and emit carbon dioxide. The purpose of this study is to examine the changes in soil characteristics both physical and chemical properties and to investigate CO2 emissions from peat soil post-fire. As a comparison, similar parameters were also assessed in non-burnt sites. The results showed significant differences in some peat soil characters both physically and chemically between ex-burnt and non-burnt peatland. The ex-burnt site had higher pH, available phosphorus and C/N ratio than those in the non-burnt site. Conversely, the total nitrogen and carbon contents, and cation exchange capacity were lower which is likely due to leaching. Peat fires also impacted physical characteristics of the soil such as increasing soil bulk density, reducing soil water content, soil temperature, especially in wet conditions. Carbon dioxide emissions in the ex-burnt site were considered higher than non-burnt site. These results could be brought out as a part of baseline data in managing ex-burnt peatlands to maintain a balance between carbon output and input and efforts on preventing peatland fires from becoming continuous carbon sources.

scholarly journals Analisis Pengaruh Fluktuasi Muka Air Waduk terhadap Stabilitas Lereng Waduk Dengan Menggunakan Program Plaxis 2D

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Paravita Sri Wulandari ◽  
Daniel Tjandra
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Slope Failure ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Initial Condition ◽  
Soil Shear Strength ◽  
Influence Of Water

Reservoir is needed as a source of water supply to the surrounding populations. The design of a reservoir needs to consider several aspects of soil embankment such as variations in water content and changes in shear soil shear strength and also the influence of water level in reservoir. The purpose of this research is to analyze these three aspects in the design of a reservoir. This research was begun by taking soil samples for embankment and conducting soil tests to obtain soil characteristics at the initial condition. The further laboratory tests were conducted to determine the effect of changes in water content on the shear strength of the soil. The variation of soil embankment characteristic was then modeled by Plaxis 2D program to obtain the effect of changes in soil embankment characteristic and fluctuation of the water level in the reservoir. The results showed that the increase in water content significantly decrease the shear strength of the soil. The changes of soil shear strength affect the pattern of slope failure and safety factor. In addition, the pattern and direction of the slope failure were also influenced by the water level of the reservoir.

scholarly journals Sifat Fisik, Kimia dan FTIR Spektrofotometri Gambut Hidrofobik Kalimantan Tengah

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-166
Author(s):  
Sri Nuryani Hidayah Utami ◽  
Azwar Maas ◽  
Bostang Radjagukguk ◽  
Benito Heru Purwanto
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Soil Moisture Content ◽  
Ftir Spectra ◽  
Water Repellent ◽  
Total Acidity ◽  
Peat Soils ◽  
Oven Drying

Peat soils naturally have hydrophilic or waterloving character with highly capable of exchanging the cations and cycling the nutrients from the vegetations. This water-loving character is altered to water-repellent character in hydrophobic peat soils. This research was aimed toobserve deeply the functional bunch carrier of hydrophobic and hydrophilic peat soils as shown by FTIR spectra in relation with inherent chemical and physical properties of the soils. Five peat soils consisted of two native andartificial hydrophobic peat soils and one sample of hydrophilic peat soils were studied. Artificial hydrophobic peat soils were yielded by oven-drying the native hydrophobic peat soils at 50 oC for 10 hours. FTIR spectra can distinguish the functional bunch carrier of hydrophobic and hydrophilic peat soils. FTIR spectra of hydrophobic peat soils showed degradation of hydrophilic bunch carrier (OH and COOH) and increase of the hydrophobic bunch carrier (tying aromatic from esther and ether). Chemical analysis of the hydrophobic peat soils also indicated the decrease of OH and COOH content, decrease of CEC , soil total acidity and soil moisture content.

scholarly journals Nondestructive Measurement of Water Content and Moisture Migration of Unsaturated Red Clays in South China

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junhui Zhang ◽  
Qingping Jiang ◽  
Yuqing Zhang ◽  
Liangliang Dai ◽  
Houxuan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Water Level ◽  
South China ◽  
Ground Water Level ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Red Clay ◽  
Moisture Migration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Highway Embankments

To reveal the moisture migration mechanism of the unsaturated red clays, which are sensitive to water content change and widely distributed in South China, and then rationally use them as a filling material for highway embankments, a method to measure the water content of red clay cylinders using X-ray computed tomography (CT) was proposed and verified. Then, studies on the moisture migrations in the red clays under the rainfall and ground water level were performed at different degrees of compaction. The results show that the relationship between dry density, water content, and CT value determined from X-ray CT tests can be used to nondestructively measure the water content of red clay cylinders at different migration time, which avoids the error reduced by the sample-to-sample variation. The rainfall, ground water level, and degree of compaction are factors that can significantly affect the moisture migration distance and migration rate. Some techniques, such as lowering groundwater table and increasing degree of compaction of the red clays, can be used to prevent or delay the moisture migration in highway embankments filled with red clays.

scholarly journals Study of Soil Characteristics on Dryland Productivity of the Supiturung Micro Watershed, Kediri Regency

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-81
Author(s):  
Muhammad Fikri Baihaqi ◽  
Mochtar Lutfi Rayes ◽  
Christanti Agustina
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Texture Class ◽  
And Chemical Properties

A study of soil characteristics dryland productivity of the Supiturung Micro Watershed, Kediri Regency, was conducted by observing the physical conditions of the environment and identifying the morphological and physical properties of the soil in each horizon in the soil profile. Parameters observed were physical properties (texture, bulk density) and chemical properties (CEC, total N, organic C, and base saturation). Data on soil characteristics and plant productivity were then analyzed by correlation and regression to determine the relationship between the two. The results showed that the soil in the study area belongs to the order Inceptisols and Entisols with the dominant subgroup Typic Humudepts. Pineapple plants were spread at SST 5, 7, 9, and 10 with the productivity of 71.18%, 76.35%, 75.76%, and 72%, respectively. Meanwhile, sugarcane was spread in SPL 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8 with the productivity of 71%, 77%, 73.43%, 76.29, and 70.81%, respectively. The results of the analysis show that the land characteristics that affect the productivity of pineapple plants are sand texture with a correlation coefficient value of 0.84 and a regression of 0.71 with a linear equation y= -0.07x + 67.57 R² = 0.53 Land with a sand texture class increasingly has low productivity.

scholarly journals SIFAT KIMIA DAN TINGGI MUKA AIR TANAH GAMBUT PADA TIGA TIPE PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DI FISIOGRAFI KUBAH GAMBUT DAN RAWA BELAKANG KHG KAHAYAN-SEBAGAU

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 315
Author(s):  
Marinus Kristiadi Harun ◽  
Syaiful Anwar ◽  
Eka Intan Kumala Putri ◽  
Hadi Susilo Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Water Level Fluctuations ◽  
Peat Soils

This study aims to: (1) determine the chemical properties of peat soils in 3 types of land cover in 2 physiographies; (2) find out water level fluctuations (WLF) on peat soils covered by agroforestry and horticulture in the physiography of peat dome and backswamp during the rainy season, transitions and drought. This research was conducted in January until December 2018 in Kahayan-Sebangau Peat Hidrological Unit, in the Kalampangan Vilagge. The results showed that differences in peat soil cover conditions at different physiographies affected chemical properties and WLF. The three types of peatland cover on both physiographic types of peatlands have a pH that categories into the very acid (<4.5). The results of this study indicate that nutrients (N, P, Kd, C, Mg, Al, Na and SO4) that are formed in each type of land cover in 2 physiographies indicate that these elements in peatlands are influenced by a layer of peat which obtains input of organic material from the plants above it. Peat fertility depends on the contribution of organic material from plants on it. Peatland cation exchange capacity values for all types are in the very high category (> 40). In addition to the chemical elements of the soil, the peat ground water level is highly volatile following rainfall so that during the peak of the dry season (MK) the WLF can reach 200 cm below the ground surface, and vice versa during the peak of the rainy season (MH) the WLF can inundate all peat soils.

scholarly journals Profil Gelatinisasi dan Sifat Fisik Tepung Campolay Masak Penuh dan Lewat Matang (Pouteria campechina) Gelatinization Profiles and Physical Propertis of Ripe and Over Ripe Canistal Flour (Pouteria campechiana)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nursyawal Nacing
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Starch Granules ◽  
Color Test ◽  
Yellow Color ◽  
Shape And Size

This research aims to study gelatinization profile and physical properties of ripe and overripe canistel flour. Data statistically analyzed using the independent sample T-tes. Analyzed of the chemical properties of canistel fruits include water content, starch content, and sugar content, while analyzed canistel flour includes gelatinization profile, shape and size of starch granules with color test. The results of the analyzed showed that the water content and sugar content of ripe canistel fruit is higher than those of overripe canistel fruit, while the lower starch content. The total starch and amylose content of ripe canistel flour is higher than that of overripe flour. Analyzed the results of gelatinization profile ripe canistel flour has a peak viscosity, final viscosity, and  higher gelatinization temperature than the finished canistel flour and the gelatinization faster time. Analysis of the physical properties of the color parameters of canistel flour produces the reddish yellow color, while of the shape and size of the canistel flour starch granule shape that are round with size ranges between 2-7 µm.Keywords: Canistel fruit, canistel flour, gelatization profile.

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