Control of a Stand-Alone Wind Energy Conversion Systemvia a Third-Harmonic Injection Indirect Matrix Converter

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 438-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan-Yun Li ◽  
◽  
Qun-Tai Shen ◽  
Zhen-Tao Liu ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Width Modulation ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Matrix Converter ◽  
Third Harmonic ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Harmonic Injection

A stand-alone doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)-based wind power generation system using a third-harmonic injection indirect matrix converter (THIIMC) is proposed. The THIIMC has the same performance of a back-to-back pulse width modulation converter, but does not require the bulky direct current (dc)-link capacitor. Because of both its compact construction and high reliability, it is very suitable for embedding into DFIG-based wind generators. It also overcomes the drawbacks of indirect matrix converters and improves the reactive power output capability. The THIIMC consists of a rectifier-side converter, an inverter-side converter (ISC), and an active third-harmonic current injection circuit. A direct stator voltage vector control scheme for the ISC provides the desired stator voltage to the loads. The control scheme is designed to compensate the reactive power of the loads based on the THIIMC working principle. Maximum power point tracking control is performed by a battery energy storage system, which is placed in the dc-link of the THIIMC to smooth out the power fluctuations caused by load or wind speed variations. Simulation results demonstrate the performance and feasibility of the proposed topology and control scheme.

Adaptive SRF-PLL Based Voltage and Frequency Control of Hybrid Standalone WECS with PMSG-BESS

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjana Jain ◽  
R. Saravanakumar ◽  
S. Shankar ◽  
V. Vanitha
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Power ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Synchronous Generator ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Voltage Source ◽  
Voltage Source Converter ◽  
Control Scheme

Abstract The variable-speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) based Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) attracts the maximum power from wind, but voltage-regulation and frequency-control of the system in standalone operation is a challenging task A modern-control-based-tracking of power from wind for its best utilization is proposed in this paper for standalone PMSG based hybrid-WECS comprising Battery Energy Storage System (BESS). An Adaptive Synchronous Reference Frame Phase-Locked-Loop (SRF-PLL) based control scheme for load side bi-directional voltage source converter (VSC) is presented for the system. MATLAB/Simulink model is developed for simulation study for the proposed system and the effectiveness of the controller for bi-directional-converter is discussed under different operating conditions: like variable wind-velocity, sudden load variation, and load unbalancing. Converter control scheme enhances the power smoothening, supply-load power-matching. Also it is able to regulate the active & reactive power from PMSG-BESS hybrid system with control of fluctuations in voltage & frequency with respect to varying operating conditions. Proposed controller successfully offers reactive-power-compensation, harmonics-reduction, and power-balancing. The proposed scheme is based on proportional & integral (PI) controller. Also system is experimentally validated in the laboratory-environment and results are presented here.

scholarly journals V-f Controlled Autonomous Wind Energy Conversion System Using Z2 Transformer Connected DSTATCOM

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1492-1497
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Pulse Width Modulation ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Voltage Source ◽  
Voltage Source Converter ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Voltage Frequency ◽  
Battery Energy

Distributed generation and renewable energy sources are hot research topics from past 10 years or so due to various reasons. The sudden load variation leads to change in voltage and frequency, and if nonlinearity presents, the T.H.D. variations will be more. Power quality controlled devices like DSTATCOM with battery energy storage system (B.E.S.S.) that controlled by pulse width modulation (P.W.M.) based voltage source converter (V.S.C.) in the distribution system would control the voltage, frequency and THD, indirectly power control. This paper presents an autonomous W.E.C.S. with zig-zag (Z2) transformer connected V.S.C. controlled DSTATCOM with BESS and its control scheme. It also shows the various MATLAB simulated results. It also contemplates the various performance parameters from previous methodology. It strategically concludes that the proposed system is effective in controlling voltage and frequency (V-f) and T.H.D. in voltage and current

scholarly journals Frequency and Voltage Supports by Battery-Fed Smart Inverters in Mixed-Inertia Microgrids

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen S. Pilehvar ◽  
Behrooz Mirafzal
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Piecewise Linear ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Droop Control ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Islanded Microgrid ◽  
Frequency Fluctuations

This paper presents a piecewise linear-elliptic (PLE) droop control scheme to improve the dynamic behavior of islanded microgrids. Islanded microgrids are typically vulnerable to voltage and frequency fluctuations, particularly if a combination of high- and low-inertia power generation units are used in a microgrid. The intermittent nature of renewable energy sources can cause sudden power mismatches, and thus, voltage and frequency fluctuations. The proposed PLE droop control scheme can be employed in a battery energy storage system (BESS) to effectively mitigate voltage and frequency fluctuations in an islanded microgrid. Though the PLE shape can be implemented for any droop control scheme, it has been applied for active power-frequency (P-f) and reactive power-voltage (Q-v) droops in this paper. In addition, the dynamic response of a battery-fed smart inverter equipped with the proposed PLE droops has been compared with the results obtained from a linear droop control scheme in an islanded microgrid containing high- and low-inertia power-generation units. In this paper, the results of several case studies are presented to confirm the capability of the PLE droop control in mitigating voltage and frequency fluctuations in islanded microgrids.

scholarly journals Multi-Objective Optimization of a Battery-Supercapacitor Hybrid Energy Storage System Based on the Concept of Cyber-Physical System

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 1801
Author(s):  
Chenyun Pan ◽  
Shengyu Tao ◽  
Hongtao Fan ◽  
Mengyao Shu ◽  
Yong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Cyber Physical System ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Hybrid Energy Storage ◽  
Hybrid Energy Storage System ◽  
Control Scheme

Optimal operation of energy storage systems plays an important role in enhancing their lifetime and efficiency. This paper combines the concepts of the cyber–physical system (CPS) and multi-objective optimization into the control structure of the hybrid energy storage system (HESS). Owing to the time-varying characteristics of HESS, combining real-time data with physical models via CPS can significantly promote the performance of HESS. The multi-objective optimization model designed in this paper can improve the utilization of supercapacitors, reduce energy consumption, and prevent the state of charge (SOC) of HESS from exceeding the limitation. The new control scheme takes the characteristics of the components of HESS into account and is beneficial in reducing battery short-term power cycling and high discharge currents. The rain-flow counting algorithm is applied for battery life prediction to quantify the benefits of the HESS under the control scheme proposed. A much better power-sharing relationship between the supercapacitor and the lithium–ion battery (LiB) can be observed from the SIMULINK results and the case study with our new control scheme. Moreover, compared to the traditional low-pass filter control method, the battery lifetime is quantifiably increased from 3.51 years to 10.20 years while the energy efficiency is improved by 1.56%.

scholarly journals Nyström Minimum Kernel Risk-Sensitive Loss Based Seamless Control of Grid-Tied PV-Hybrid Energy Storage System

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1365
Author(s):  
Mukul Chankaya ◽  
Ikhlaq Hussain ◽  
Aijaz Ahmad ◽  
Irfan Khan ◽  
S.M. Muyeen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Voltage Source ◽  
Grid Voltage ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Hybrid Energy Storage ◽  
Hybrid Energy Storage System ◽  
Risk Sensitive

This paper presents Nyström minimum kernel risk-sensitive loss (NysMKRSL) based control of a three-phase four-wire grid-tied dual-stage PV-hybrid energy storage system, under varying conditions such as irradiation variation, unbalanced load, and abnormal grid voltage. The Voltage Source Converter (VSC) control enables the system to perform multifunctional operations such as reactive power compensation, load balancing, power balancing, and harmonics elimination while maintaining Unity Power Factor (UPF). The proposed VSC control delivers more accurate weights with fewer oscillations, hence reducing overall losses and providing better stability to the system. The seamless control with the Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS) facilitates the system’s grid-tied and isolated operation. The HESS includes the battery, fuel cell, and ultra-capacitor to accomplish the peak shaving, managing the disturbances of sudden and prolonged nature occurring due to load unbalancing and abnormal grid voltage. The DC link voltage is regulated by tuning the PI controller gains utilizing the Salp Swarm Optimization (SSO) algorithm to stabilize the system with minimum deviation from the reference voltage, during various simulated dynamic conditions. The optimized DC bus control generates the accurate loss component of current, which further enhances the performance of the proposed VSC control. The presented system was simulated in the MATLAB 2016a environment and performed satisfactorily as per IEEE 519 standards.

scholarly journals Using Energy Storage Inverters of Prosumer Installations for Voltage Control in Low-Voltage Distribution Networks

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1121
Author(s):  
Rozmysław Mieński ◽  
Przemysław Urbanek ◽  
Irena Wasiak
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Active Power ◽  
Total Power

The paper includes the analysis of the operation of low-voltage prosumer installation consisting of receivers and electricity sources and equipped with a 3-phase energy storage system. The aim of the storage application is the management of active power within the installation to decrease the total power exchanged with the supplying network and thus reduce energy costs borne by the prosumer. A solution for the effective implementation of the storage system is presented. Apart from the active power management performed according to the prosumer’s needs, the storage inverter provides the ancillary service of voltage regulation in the network according to the requirements of the network operator. A control strategy involving algorithms for voltage regulation without prejudice to the prosumer’s interest is described in the paper. Reactive power is used first as a control signal and if the required voltage effect cannot be reached, then the active power in the controlled phase is additionally changed and the Energy Storage System (ESS) loading is redistributed in phases in such a way that the total active power set by the prosumer program remains unchanged. The efficiency of the control strategy was tested by means of a simulation model in the PSCAD/EMTDC program. The results of the simulations are presented.

Wind-Solar-Hydrogen Hybrid Energy Control Strategy Considering Delayed Power of Hydrogen Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
Zheng Li ◽  
Yan Qin ◽  
Xin Cao ◽  
Shaodong Hou ◽  
Hexu Sun
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Storage Device ◽  
Solar Hydrogen ◽  
Dc Voltage ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Load Demand

In order to meet the load demand of power system, BP based on genetic algorithm is applied to the typical daily load forecasting in summer. The demand change of summer load is analysed. Simulation results show the accuracy of the algorithm. In terms of power supply, the reserves of fossil energy are drying up. According to the prediction of authoritative organizations, the world's coal can be mined for 216 years. As a renewable energy, wind power has no carbon emissions compared with traditional fossil energy. At present, it is generally believed that wind energy and solar energy are green power in the full sense, and they are inexhaustible clean power. The model of wind power solar hydrogen hybrid energy system is established. The control strategy of battery power compensation for delayed power of hydrogen production is adopted, and different operation modes are divided. The simulation results show that the system considering the control strategy can well meet the load demand. Battery energy storage system is difficult to respond to short-term peak power fluctuations. Super capacitor is used to suppress it. This paper studies the battery supercapacitor complementary energy storage system and its control strategy. When the line impedance of each generation unit in power grid is not equal, its output reactive power will be affected by the line impedance and distributed unevenly. A droop coefficient selection method of reactive power sharing is proposed. Energy storage device is needed to balance power and maintain DC voltage stability in the DC side of microgrid. Therefore, a new droop control strategy is proposed. By detecting the DC voltage, dynamically translating the droop characteristic curve, adjusting the output power, maintaining the DC voltage in a reasonable range, reducing the capacity of the DC side energy storage device. Photovoltaic grid connected inverter chooses the new droop control strategy.

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