Slip Rate Estimation of the Lembang Fault West Java from Geodetic Observation

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irwan Meilano ◽  
◽  
Hasanuddin Z. Abidin ◽  
Heri Andreas ◽  
Irwan Gumilar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Faults ◽  
Slip Rate ◽  
Earthquake Risk ◽  
West Java ◽  
Australian Plate ◽  
Sunda Arc ◽  
Southern Border ◽  
Subducting Plate ◽  
Fault Locking ◽  
Earthquake Risk Assessment

The Sunda arc forms the southern border of the Indonesia Archipelago, where the Indo-Australian plate is subducted beneath Eurasia. The age of subducting plate increases from Sumatra in the west to Flores in the east. The increase in age is consistent with an increase in plate dip along the arc and an increasing depth of seismic activity. The motion of Australia with respect to West Java is 68 mm/yr in a direction N11E orthogonal to the trench. A number of active faults characterizing this area include Cimandiri fault, Lembang fault and Baribis fault. This research uses campaign and continues GPS data to make a preliminary estimation of the slip rate of Lembang fault. Our GPS measurements suggest that Lembang fault has shallow creeping and deeper locking portion. The estimated slip rate is 6 mm/yr with fault locking at 3-15 km and shallow creeping with the same rate. While the results are preliminary and we need more data for reliable estimations, we point out that these data can contribute to earthquake risk assessment by constraining earthquake recurrence relationships.

scholarly journals Earthquake Risk Assessment for Tehran, Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 430
Author(s):  
Farnaz Kamranzad ◽  
Hossein Memarian ◽  
Mehdi Zare
Keyword(s):  
Population Distribution ◽  
Probabilistic Approach ◽  
Active Faults ◽  
Earthquake Hazard ◽  
Earthquake Risk ◽  
Vulnerability Factors ◽  
Surface Rupture ◽  
Hazard Exposure ◽  
Vulnerability Maps ◽  
Earthquake Risk Assessment

The megacity of Tehran, the capital of Iran, is subjected to a high earthquake risk. Located at the central part of the Alpine–Himalayan seismic belt, Tehran is surrounded by several active faults that show some M7+ historical earthquake records. The high seismic hazard in combination with a dense population distribution and several vulnerability factors mean Tehran is one of the top 20 worldwide megacities at a high earthquake risk. This article aims to prepare an assessment of the present-day earthquake risk in Tehran. First, the earthquake risk components including hazard, exposure, and vulnerability are evaluated based on some accessible GIS-based datasets (e.g., seismicity, geology, active faults, population distribution, land use, urban fabric, buildings’ height and occupancy, structure types, and ages, as well as the vicinity to some critical infrastructures). Then, earthquake hazard maps in terms of PGA are prepared using a probabilistic approach as well as a surface rupture width map. Exposure and vulnerability maps are also provided deterministically in terms of population density and hybrid physical vulnerability, respectively. Finally, all these components are combined in a spatial framework and an earthquake risk map is provided for Tehran.

Hysteresis effect on earthquake risk assessment of moment resisting frame structures

2021 ◽  
Vol 242 ◽  
pp. 112532
Author(s):  
Zhenhua Huang ◽  
Liping Cai ◽  
Yashica Pandey ◽  
Yong Tao ◽  
William Telone
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Hysteresis Effect ◽  
Frame Structures ◽  
Earthquake Risk ◽  
Moment Resisting Frame ◽  
Moment Resisting ◽  
Earthquake Risk Assessment

CRUSTAL DEFORMATION STUDIES IN JAVA (INDONESIA) USING GPS

2009 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 77-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
HASANUDDIN Z. ABIDIN ◽  
HERI ANDREAS ◽  
TERUYUKI KATO ◽  
TAKEO ITO ◽  
IRWAN MEILANO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Faults ◽  
Fault Zones ◽  
First Year ◽  
Horizontal Deformation ◽  
West Java ◽  
Plate Movement ◽  
Tsunami Earthquake ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Seismic Deformation ◽  
Large Earthquakes

Along the Java trench the Australian–Oceanic plate is moving and pushing onto and subducting beneath the Java continental crust at a relative motion of about 70 mm/yr in NNE direction. This subduction-zone process imposed tectonic stresses on the fore-arc region offshore and on the land of Java, thus causing the formation of earthquake fault zones to accommodate the plate movement. Historically, several large earthquakes happened in Java, including West Java. This research use GPS surveys method to study the inter-seismic deformation of three active faults in West Java region (i.e. Cimandiri, Lembang and Baribis faults), and the co-seismic and post-seismic deformation related to the May 2006 Yogyakarta and the July 2006 South Java earthquakes. Based on GPS surveys results it was found that the area around Cimandiri, Lembang and Baribis fault zones have the horizontal displacements of about 1 to 2 cm/yr or less. Further research is however still needed to extract the real inter-seismic deformation of the faults from those GPS-derived displacements. GPS surveys have also estimated that the May 2006 Yogyakarta earthquake was caused by the sinistral movement of the (Opak) fault with horizontal co-seismic deformation that generally was less than 10 cm. The post-seismic horizontal deformation of the July 2006 South Java tsunami earthquake has also been estimated using GPS surveys data. In the first year after the earthquake (2006 to 2007), the post-seismic deformation is generally less than 5 cm; and it becomes generally less than 3 cm in the second year (2007 to 2008).

scholarly journals Communicating earthquake risk: mapped parameters and cartographic representation

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Gaspar-Escribano ◽  
T. Iturrioz
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Risk Information ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Earthquake Risk ◽  
Graphical Representations ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Earthquake Effects ◽  
Earthquake Risk Assessment

Abstract. Earthquake risk assessment is probably the most effective tool for reducing adverse earthquake effects and for developing pre- and post-event planning actions. The related risk information (data and results) is of interest for persons with different backgrounds and interests, including scientists, emergency planners, decision makers and other stakeholders. Hence, it is important to ensure that this information is properly transferred to all persons involved in seismic risk, considering the nature of the information and the particular circumstances of the source and of the receiver of the information. Some experience-based recommendations about the parameters and the graphical representations that can be used to portray earthquake risk information to different types of audiences are presented in this work.

Earthquake risk assessment of hospital in Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Febriana Kuscahyadi ◽  
Irwan Meilano ◽  
Nuraini Rahma Hanifa ◽  
Riantini Virtriana
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Earthquake Risk ◽  
Earthquake Risk Assessment

scholarly journals Methodology for Earthquake Rupture Rate estimates of fault networks: example for the Western Corinth Rift, Greece

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Chartier ◽  
Oona Scotti ◽  
Hélène Lyon-Caen ◽  
Aurélien Boiselet
Keyword(s):  
Active Faults ◽  
Slip Rate ◽  
Seismic Hazard Assessment ◽  
System Level ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Normal Faults ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment ◽  
Earthquake Rupture ◽  
Multiple Faults

Abstract. Modelling the seismic potential of active faults is a fundamental step of probabilistic seismic hazard assessment (PSHA). An accurate estimation of the rate of earthquakes on the faults is necessary in order to obtain the probability of exceedance of a given ground motion. Most PSHA studies consider faults as independent structures and neglect the possibility of multiple faults or fault segments rupturing simultaneously (Fault to Fault -FtF- ruptures). The latest Californian model (UCERF-3) takes into account this possibility by considering a system level approach rather than an individual fault level approach using the geological , seismological and geodetical information to invert the earthquake rates. In many places of the world seismological and geodetical information long fault networks are often not well constrained. There is therefore a need to propose a methodology relying only on geological information to compute earthquake rate of the faults in the network. In this methodology, similarly to UCERF-3, a simple distance criteria is used to define FtF ruptures and consider single faults or FtF ruptures as an aleatory uncertainty. Rates of earthquakes on faults are then computed following two constraints: the magnitude frequency distribution (MFD) of earthquakes in the fault system as a whole must follow an imposed shape and the rate of earthquakes on each fault is determined by the specific slip-rate of each segment depending on the possible FtF ruptures. The modelled earthquake rates are then confronted to the available independent data (geodetical, seismological and paleoseismological data) in order to weigh different hypothesis explored in a logic tree. The methodology is tested on the Western Corinth Rift, Greece (WCR) where recent advancements have been made in the understanding of the geological slip rates of the complex network of normal faults which are accommodating the ~15 mm/yr North-South extension. Modelling results show that geological, seismological extension rates and paleoseismological rates of earthquakes cannot be reconciled with only single fault rupture scenarios and require hypothesising a large spectrum of possible FtF rupture sets. Furthermore, in order to fit the imposed regional Gutenberg-Richter MFD target, some of the slip along certain faults needs to be accommodated either with interseismic creep or as post-seismic processes. Furthermore, individual fault’s MFDs differ depending on the position of each fault in the system and the possible FtF ruptures associated with the fault. Finally, a comparison of modelled earthquake rupture rates with those deduced from the regional and local earthquake catalogue statistics and local paleosismological data indicates a better fit with the FtF rupture set constructed with a distance criteria based on a 5 km rather than 3 km, suggesting, a high connectivity of faults in the WCR fault system.

scholarly journals Identify and Monitor Growth Faulting Using InSAR over Northern Greater Houston, Texas, USA

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feifei Qu ◽  
Zhong Lu ◽  
Jin-Woo Kim ◽  
Weiyu Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Active Faults ◽  
Slip Rate ◽  
Local Deformation ◽  
Spatial Density ◽  
Causal Mechanism ◽  
Montgomery County ◽  
Groundwater Exploitation ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Multi Temporal ◽  
Continuous Mining

Growth faults are widely distributed in the Greater Houston (GH) region of Texas, USA, and the existence of faulting could interrupt groundwater flow and aggravate local deformation. Faulting-induced property damages have become more pronounced over the last few years, necessitating further investigation of these faults. Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) has been proved to be an effective way for mapping deformations along and/or across fault traces. However, extracting short-wavelength small-amplitude creep signal (about 10–20 mm/yr) from long time span interferograms is extremely difficult, especially in agricultural or vegetated areas. This study aims to position, map and monitor the rate, extent, and temporal evolution of faulting over GH at the highest spatial density using Multi-temporal InSAR (MTI) technique. The MTI method, which maximizes usable signal and correlation, has the ability to identify and monitor faulting and provide accurate and detailed depiction of active faults. Two neighboring L-band Advanced Land Observing (ALOS) tracks (2007–2011) are utilized in this research. Numerous areas of sharp phase discontinuities have been discerned from MTI-derived velocity map. InSAR measurements allow us to position both previously known faults traces as well as nucleation of new fractures not previously revealed by other ground/space techniques. Faulting damages and surface scarps were evident at most InSAR-mapped fault locations through our site investigations. The newly discovered fault activation appears to be related to excessive groundwater exploitation from the Jasper aquifer in Montgomery County. The continuous mining of groundwater from the Jasper aquifer formed new water-level decline cones over Montgomery County, corroborating the intensity of new fractures. Finally, we elaborate the localized fault activities and evaluate the characteristics of faulting (locking depth and slip rate) through modeling MTI-derived deformation maps. The SW–NE-oriented faults pertain to normal faulting with an average slip rate of 7–13 mm/yr at a shallow locking depth of less than 4 km. Identifying and characterizing active faults through MTI and deformation modeling can provide insights into faulting, its causal mechanism and potential damages to infrastructure over the GH.

scholarly journals Vulnerability factor in earthquake risk assessment model for roads in Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 229 ◽  
pp. 03009
Author(s):  
Mona Foralisa Toyfur ◽  
Krishna S. Pribadi ◽  
Sony S. Wibowo ◽  
I Wayan Sengara
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Earthquake Risk ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Road ◽  
Vulnerability Indicators ◽  
Earthquake Risk Assessment

Indonesia is one of the prone countries to natural disasters. The road is one of the infrastructures affected by the disaster. Natural disasters that contribute to road damages are earthquakes, landslides, and floods. One of the factors affecting disaster risk is a vulnerability. The higher the vulnerability, the possibility of damage and loss will be higher. Vulnerability indicators for roads will be assessed in this study. The Earthquake Disaster Risk Index is adopted in this study. The physical and economic vulnerability are the factor components that identified in this study. Indicators are selected by valid, reliable, data availability, objective, quantified, and directly influence the risk. The indicators are analyzed using Analysis Hierarchy Process in order to get the weight. There are 9 (nine) indicators selected as part of physical vulnerability.

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