Modulation of Velocity Perception by Engine Vibration While Driving

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-140
Author(s):  
Motoki Tachiiri ◽  
◽  
Yoshihiro Tanaka ◽  
Akihito Sano
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Tactile Stimulation ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Psychophysical Experiment ◽  
Vibrotactile Stimulation ◽  
Lower Velocity ◽  
Engine Vibration ◽  
Perception Model ◽  
Velocity Perception ◽  
Velocity Changes

While driving a vehicle, perceiving velocity is important for appropriate operation and is one of the most important factors for preventing collisions and traffic congestion. In contexts where perceiving velocity changes is difficult, such as on an undulating road, the velocity may exceed the speed limit or traffic congestion may occur due to heavy braking to avoid a collision. Hence, we proposed a method of modulating the perception of velocity through tactile stimulation to promote adequate operation for the driver. In contrast to methods using visual and auditory stimulation, this method has advantages of not increasing the visual cognitive load, not disturbing the enjoyment of music, and reliably stimulating the driver. In this study, we constructed a velocity perception model based on vibrotactile stimulation induced by the engine speed and proposed a method of changing the vibrotactile stimulation by altering the shift position of the transmission to modulate the perception of velocity without additional vibration actuators, regardless of the actual velocity. We measured the seat and engine vibration using two different vehicles. The results demonstrated that the peak acceleration frequencies are proportional to engine speed, indicating that the vibration depends upon the engine speed, not the velocity. We implemented a method of changing the shift position in an actual vehicle and verified the feasibility of the method through a psychophysical experiment. The results showed that drivers perceived a higher velocity with increasing engine speed and lower velocity with decreasing engine speed.

USNS LCPL Roy M. Wheat: Zorya DT-59 Gas Turbine Installation and Integration

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard DeCorso ◽  
Daniel E. Caguiat ◽  
Jeffrey S. Patterson ◽  
David M. Zipkin
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Vibration Monitoring ◽  
Turbine Engines ◽  
Gas Turbine Engines ◽  
Engine Vibration ◽  
Video Record ◽  
Protection Circuits ◽  
Turbine Installation ◽  
The U.S

In June 1997, the U.S. Navy purchased the Soviet military cargo ship “Vladimir Vaslyaev” for conversion to the USNS LCPL Roy M. Wheat for use in the Maritime Prepositioning Force. This paper documents the efforts of NSWCCD and dB Associates in supporting the installation, startup, and integration of the ship’s controls with the two Zorya DT-59 main propulsion gas turbine engines (GTE’s). The installation documentation developed included a video record of the port and starboard gas turbine installations, as well as information that aided in the development of the Engineering Operational Procedures (EOP). The integration for the DT-59s focused on providing engine speed sensors, an engine vibration monitoring system and engine reversing protection circuits.

scholarly journals Vibrotactile Stimulation to Change Velocity Perception in Automobiles

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motoki TACHIIRI ◽  
Yoshihiro TANAKA ◽  
Akihito SANO
Keyword(s):  
Vibrotactile Stimulation ◽  
Velocity Perception

Physiological properties of wind-sensitive and tactile trichoid sensilla on the ovipositor and their role during oviposition in the locust

1995 ◽  
Vol 198 (6) ◽  
pp. 1359-1369 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Kalogianni
Keyword(s):  
Tactile Stimulation ◽  
Deflection Angle ◽  
Repetitive Stimulation ◽  
High Threshold ◽  
Apparent Difference ◽  
Lower Velocity ◽  
Angular Deflection ◽  
Tactile Stimuli ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Low Threshold

The physiological properties of the ovipositor hair sensilla of the desert locust and their responses to wind and to direct mechanical displacement are described. The hairs on the external surfaces of the ventral and dorsal ovipositor valves respond to wind stimulation, whereas the hairs on the inner surfaces of the dorsal valves are not wind-sensitive. All ovipositor hairs, however, respond to tactile displacement. Imposed tactile stimulation reveals two physiologically distinct types of ovipositor tactile hairs: the hairs on the inner surface of the dorsal valves are high-threshold hairs (threshold angular deflection of 26­67 ° at 1 Hz) that respond phasically, whereas the hairs on the lateral and ventral areas of the ventral valves and the lateral areas of the dorsal valves are low-threshold hairs (threshold angular deflection of 6­20 ° at 1 Hz) that respond phasotonically. There is no apparent difference in the length of the two physiologically distinct types of hairs. Both high- and low-threshold hairs are directionally sensitive, with maximal responses to proximal deflection, towards the abdomen, and are also velocity-sensitive. High-threshold hairs have velocity thresholds of 40­50 ° s-1 for some hairs and 110­140 ° s-1 for others for a deflection angle of 35 °, whereas low-threshold hairs have lower velocity thresholds of less than 5 ° s-1 for the same deflection. High-threshold hairs adapt rapidly to repetitive stimulation after as few as four cycles of stimulation at 0.5 Hz. Low-threshold hairs continue to respond after 40 cycles of stimulation at 0.5 Hz and show little adaptation to repetitive stimulation at frequencies ranging from 0.1 to 5 Hz. Low-threshold hairs respond with bursts of spikes at frequencies that reflect both the velocity and the duration of the stimulus. Furthermore, low-threshold hairs show little adaptation after 30 min of stimulation that simulates oviposition digging. It is suggested (a) that low- and high-threshold ovipositor hairs detect phasic wind and/or tactile stimuli in non-ovipositing locusts and (b) that low-threshold hairs can also signal rhythmic tactile inputs during oviposition digging.

scholarly journals Effect of Tactile Sensory Substitution on the Proprioceptive Error Map of the Arm

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Tanner ◽  
Gerrit Orthlieb ◽  
David Shumate ◽  
Stephen Helms Tillery
Keyword(s):  
Multisensory Integration ◽  
Tactile Stimulation ◽  
Position Control ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Tactile Feedback ◽  
Sensory Substitution ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Vibrotactile Stimulation ◽  
Left Handed ◽  
Feedback Modalities

Proprioceptive error of estimated fingertip position in two-dimensional space is reduced with the addition of tactile stimulation to the fingertip. This tactile input does not disrupt the subjects’ estimation strategy, as the individual error vector maps maintain their overall geometric structure. This relationship suggests an integration of proprioception and tactile sensory information to enhance proprioceptive estimation. To better understand this multisensory integration, we explored the effect of electrotactile and vibrotactile stimulation to the fingertips in place of actual contact, thus limiting interaction forces. This allowed us to discern any proprioceptive estimation improvement that arose from purely tactile stimulation. Ten right-handed and ten left-handed subjects performed a simple right-handed proprioceptive estimation task under four tactile feedback conditions: hover, touch, electrotactile, and vibrotactile. Target sets were generated for each subject, persisted across all feedback modalities, and targets were presented in randomized orders. Error maps across the workspace were generated using polynomial models of the subjects’ responses. Error maps did not change shape between conditions for any right-handed subjects and changed for a single condition for two left-handed subjects. Non-parametric statistical analysis of the error magnitude shows that both modes of sensory substitution significantly reduce error for right-handed subjects, but not to the level of actual touch. Left-handed subjects demonstrated increased error for all feedback conditions compared to hover. Compared to right-handed subjects, left-handed subjects demonstrated more error in each condition except the hover condition. This is consistent with the hypothesis that the non-dominant hand is specialized for position control, while the dominant is specialized for velocity. Notably, our results suggest that non-dominant hand estimation strategies are hindered by stimuli to the fingertip. We conclude that electrotactile and vibrotactile sensory substitution only succeed in multisensory integration when applied to the dominant hand. These feedback modalities do not disrupt established dominate hand proprioceptive error maps, and existing strategies adapt to the novel input and minimize error. Since actual touch provides the best error reduction, sensory substitution lacks some unidentified beneficial information, such as familiarity or natural sensation. This missing component could also be what confounds subjects using their non-dominant hand for positional tasks.

Feedforward modalities in remote pointing

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (0) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Ju-Hwan Lee
Keyword(s):  
User Interfaces ◽  
User Satisfaction ◽  
Tactile Stimulation ◽  
External Support ◽  
Subjective Rating ◽  
Psychophysical Experiment ◽  
Usability Problems ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Smart Tv ◽  
Advanced Computing

Remote pointing devices like the Wii remote and Smart TV remote controllers have a wide range of applications and are becoming more important for the manipulation of and interactions with information on a distant display due to wide-screen display and wireless technology in electric home appliances as well as the most advanced computing technology of virtual environment and augmented reality. Because remote pointing devices are used without external support, however, muscular tremors and motional disparity between the display and motor space can result in usability problems of mouse jitters and instability. In the present study, we propose a solution using feedforward technology with multisensory stimulation in which a user is provided with predictive information while approaching a target. Using a psychophysical experiment for user behavioral effectiveness and a survey for subjective rating for user satisfaction and difficulty, the feedforward technique was found to be more effective than was typical feedback. Also, the modality variations in feedforward were discussed. In particular, the feedforward with auditory and tactile stimulation was effective in user experience. The findings can be used to improve user interfaces for remote pointing controllers.

scholarly journals Studying the Effect of Balancer on Engine Vibration of Massey Ferguson 285 Tractor

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Niusha Farrokhi Zanganeh ◽  
Gholamhossein Shahgholi ◽  
Soleiman Agh
Keyword(s):  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Mechanical Vibration ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Engine Load ◽  
Engine Vibration ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Load Variable ◽  
Tractor Engine ◽  
Increasing Load

AbstractThe mechanical vibration causes health issues to drivers, such as backache, spinal cord injury, etc. In this regard, a tractor engine plays important role. Tractors without chassis are equipped with a balancer unit reducing the secondary engine vibrating force and decreasing the engine and tractor vibration. The paper presented investigates the effects of balancer on secondary vibration. In this research, the root mean square (RMS) of vibration was computed for specific periods of engine work. Effects of rotational speed and engine load on engine vibration in two modes with and without balancer were investigated. The results showed that, at full engine load, increasing the engine speed resulted in increasing the vibration in both observed modes. Balancer utilization reduced the vibration by 22.3% on average. At fixed rotational speed, increasing load caused an increase in vibration in both observed modes. At 1400 rpm rotational speed and 125 Nm torque, balancer utilization managed to reduce the RMS of secondary vibration by 38.9%. Furthermore, at 250 Nm, RMS vibrations were reduced by 21.3% in comparison to no balancer mode. At full load, variable rotational speed, the balancer significantly reduced vibration by 29% on average. The balancer proved to be more efficient at lower torques.

scholarly journals VIBRATION LEVEL EVALUATION OF ENGINES FUELED WITH BRAZILIAN COMMERCIAL DIESEL AND BIODIESEL

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
José Lima Júnior ◽  
Ricardo Rodrigues Magalhaes ◽  
Danton Diego Ferreira ◽  
Paulo Henrique Cruz Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Vibration Level ◽  
Vibration Signals ◽  
Engine Vibration ◽  
Particulate Matter Emissions ◽  
Noninvasive Tests

This paper is aimed to analyze vibrations from engines fueled with two different fuels, Brazilian commercial diesel (B8) and Biodiesel (B100). Consumption, level of particulate matter emissions and engine temperature were also analyzed. The experiments were performed considering noninvasive tests in a diesel engine, taking into account three different speeds: 800 rpm, 1800 rpm and 3600 rpm. Results showed that the engine energetic loss from vibration signals collected allowed a quantitative assessment of how each fuel influenced the engine vibration level. In the three analyzed speeds, B8 diesel fuel showed be more energetic when compared to B100 biodiesel fuel. Although the consumption using B100 biodiesel fuel presented higher values than B8, the level of particulate matter emissions was lower than commercial diesel B8. It was also noted that the vibration increased in both cases when the engine speed increased. B8 diesel presented a total vibration varying according to speeds range, from 4.5% to 21% higher than B100 biodiesel. Therefore, the dissipated vibration energy using B8 diesel was higher (10% to 45%) than B100 biodiesel. It is concluded that combustion is one of the item that generates higher level of vibration in diesel engines and it depends on the kind of fuel used.

Summation of Multi-Finger Vibrotactile Stimuli

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne M. Murray ◽  
Roberta L. Klatzky ◽  
Pradeep K. Khosla
Keyword(s):  
Grip Force ◽  
Psychophysical Experiment ◽  
Robotic Hand ◽  
Vibrotactile Stimulation ◽  
Sensitivity Range ◽  
Diminishing Returns ◽  
Vibration Magnitude ◽  
Sinusoidal Signals

Abstract We have developed a vibrotactile glove that stimulates the fingertips of the wearer’s hand to convey grip force information while he/she is manipulating remote objects with a robotic hand. In this paper, we present a psychophysical experiment to examine how multi-finger vibrotactile stimulation is perceived by the user. Magnitude estimations of the overall strength of vibration were obtained using sinusoidal signals varying in amplitude and frequency. We have found that increasing the number of fingers stimulated increases the perceived vibration magnitude, but by a rule of diminishing returns. Additionally, we have found that finger separation and thumb “differentiation” are not factors in the magnitude judgements. By using multiple stimulation points, it may be possible to expand the perceived sensitivity range that is used to encode grip force information in a telemanipulation environment; thus a larger range or more refined range of force values can possibly be conveyed to the user.

scholarly journals Vibrotactile Stimulation as an Instructor for Mimicry-Based Physical Exercise

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Jani Lylykangas ◽  
Jani Heikkinen ◽  
Veikko Surakka ◽  
Roope Raisamo ◽  
Kalle Myllymaa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
User Experience ◽  
Tactile Stimulation ◽  
User Study ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Group Training ◽  
Behavioral Regulation ◽  
Vibrotactile Stimulation ◽  
Laboratory Conditions

The present aim was to investigate functionality of vibrotactile stimulation in mimicry-based behavioral regulation during physical exercise. Vibrotactile stimuli communicated instructions from an instructor to an exerciser to perform lower extremity movements. A wireless prototype was tested first in controlled laboratory conditions (Study 1) and was followed by a user study (Study 2) that was conducted in a group exercise situation for elderly participants with a new version of the system with improved construction and extended functionality. The results of Study 1 showed that vibrotactile instructions were successful in both supplementing and substituting visual knee lift instructions. Vibrotactile stimuli were accurately recognized, and exercise with the device received affirmative ratings. Interestingly, tactile stimulation appeared to stabilize acceleration magnitude of the knee lifts in comparison to visual instructions. In Study 2 it was found that user experience of the system was mainly positive by both the exercisers and their instructors. For example, exercise with vibrotactile instructions was experienced as more motivating than conventional exercise session. Together the results indicate that tactile instructions could increase possibilities for people having difficulties in following visual and auditory instructions to take part in mimicry-based group training. Both studies also revealed development areas that were primarily related to a slight delay in triggering the vibrotactile stimulation.

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