Eco-Friendly Bleaching of Soda-AQ Chemical Elephant Dung Pulp

<div>Elephant dung is an excellent source of cellulosic fibers that is a basic requirement for paper making. In this study, bleaching was carried out by using eco-friendly bleaching agents such as sodium percarbonate, oxone and hydrogen peroxide. Soda-anthraquinone (soda-AQ) semi-chemical and chemical elephant dung pulps were bleached at varying doses of bleaching agents, bleaching aids and reaction time. Presence of residual lignin after pulping stage was imparting brown color to the pulp and hence was removed by subsequent bleaching stages. Soda-AQ chemical pulps was treated with different multistage bleaching sequences. The results of this study showed that sodium percarbonate and oxone could not achieve targeted brightness for elephant dung pulp samples. Whereas, using three stage hydrogen peroxide bleaching sequence [AP5P3P2] helped to achieve the targeted brightness ~ 60.0 % G.E without much sacrificing the other optical and physical properties of the pulp. Eco-friendly bleaching helped to increase the beauty of the final product. Being rich in fiber, elephant dung pulp has a potential to be blended with other raw materials to make hybrid exotic papers of high market value.</div>

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Pulping Utilization of Spartina alterniﬂora (Common Cordgrass) Based on Fiber Characteristics

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.130-134.833 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 130-134 ◽

pp. 833-837

Author(s):

Lan Fang Wu ◽

Zhi Jie Xu ◽

Zuo Dond Qin ◽

Greg Duns ◽

Ji Shuang Chen

Keyword(s):

Raw Materials ◽

Wood Fiber ◽

Raw Material ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Paper Making ◽

Chemical Pulp ◽

Bamboo Pulp ◽

Chemical Pulps ◽

Thermomechanical Pulping ◽

Paper Product

Due to the decline of the world's forest resources, non-wood fiber sources are becoming increasingly important as raw materials in fiber-based industries, One source of such non-wood fiber isS. alterniﬂora(Common Cordgrass) and related species, which are large-sized grasses, about 1-1.5 m tall, with leaves 20-60 cm in length). These grasses have invaded many coastal areas in China and can result in huge economic losses. Studies have shown that the fiber composition of S. alterniﬂora is: cellulose 35.9%, hemicellulose 34.2%, lignin 15.9%, ash 2.98%. The length of S. alterniﬂora fibers, which are shorter and narrower than bamboo fibers, makes it difficult to utilize S. alterniﬂora in chemical pulps. However, thermomechanical pulping of S. alterniﬂora stems can be used to prepare pulps which can then be suitably mixed with chemical pulps and used to manufacture a variety of molded pulp products The raw material for the pulp molding products is used S. alterniﬂora pulp mixing with other chemical pulp like bamboo pulp, off-cuts from the paper making factory, printing factory, corrugated factory and other paper product factories. The pulp molding products can be collected and reused again, which could control the rapid spread invasive species of S. alterniﬂora effectively. Even if it is abandoned in nature, it will be biodegraded into fertilizer within a few months.

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New evidence for the role of the borohydride pretreatment on the hydrogen peroxide bleaching of kraft pulp

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c5ra17964e ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (119) ◽

pp. 98067-98074 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jing Li ◽

Huichao Hu ◽

Yanting Song ◽

Xin-Sheng Chai

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Kraft Pulp ◽

Carbonyl Groups ◽

Bleaching Process ◽

Peroxide Bleaching ◽

Chemical Pulps ◽

New Evidence ◽

Lignin Structure

New evidences for the role of borohydride pretreatment in hydrogen peroxide bleaching process of eucalyptus chemical pulps were provided, i.e., suppressing the catalysis effect of Fe(iii), decreasing carbonyl groups, and constituent lignin structure.

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The Study of Bleaching Silk Sanitary Materials

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.175-176.765 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 175-176 ◽

pp. 765-768

Author(s):

Wu Wen Wang ◽

Ji Hong Lao ◽

Ya Qin Yang

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Sodium Silicate ◽

Ph Value ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Orthogonal Test ◽

Experimental Program ◽

Single Factor ◽

Silicate Concentration ◽

Bleaching Process ◽

Peroxide Bleaching

The silk Sanitary Materials in hydrogen peroxide bleaching process, various experimental factors affect on the raw materials’ whiteness and tension. And through the single factor experiments and orthogonal test research and analysis, the significant influencing order of the whiteness of silk fiber is: temperature, concentration of hydrogen peroxide, and bleaching time; the significant influencing order of breaking tension is: bleaching time, temperature, and concentration of hydrogen peroxide. The optimum experimental program is as follows: hydrogen peroxide concentration of 22.5g / L, bleaching temperature of 80 °C, bleaching time, 60min, PH value of 9, sodium silicate concentration of 11.25g / L.

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Perbandingan Penggunaan Natrium Perkarbonat, Hidrogen Peroksida, Hipoklorit, dan Xilanase terhadap Sifat Optik Deinked Pulp

JURNAL SELULOSA ◽

10.25269/jsel.v9i02.276 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (02) ◽

pp. 97

Author(s):

Muhammad Ridho ◽

Edwin K Sijabat

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Optical Properties ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Optimal Point ◽

Sodium Percarbonate ◽

Diethylene Triamine ◽

Optimal Value ◽

Whitening Process ◽

Diethylene Triamine Pentaacetic Acid

Penggunaan bahan baku dari jenis kertas SWL (sorted white ledger) yang berasal dari proses mekanikal dan jenis kertas bekas yang mengandung banyak tinta memiliki dampak negatif karena menyebabkan sifat optik dari deinked pulp yang dihasilkan tidak optimal. Penyebab dari masalah tersebut adalah tingginya kandungan logam dan lignin pada SWL dan kertas bekas. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, pada penlitian ini dilakukan penambahkan DTPA (Diethylene Triamine Pentaacetic Acid) sebagai penghilang kandungan logam dan bahan pemutih untuk menghilangkan lignin. Bahan pemutih yang digunakan adalah natrium perkarbonat, hidrogen peroksida, hipoklorit, dan xilanase. Dilakukan variasi dosis (1%; 1,5%; dan 2%) dan suhu pemutih (50°C, 70°C, dan 90°C) untuk menentukan titik optimal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahan pemutih yang digunakan mampu meningkatkan derajat cerah dan derajat putih dari deinked pulp. Nilai sifat optik yang paling optimal didapat pada proses pemutihan menggunakan 2% natrium perkarbonat pada suhu 70°C, dengan nilai derajat cerah sebesar 85,30% ISO dan derajat putih sebesar 112,27% ISO. The Comparison of Sodium Percarbonate, Hydrogen Peroxide, Hypochlorite, and Xylanaseon Optical Properties of Deinked PulpAbstract The use of raw materials from SWL (sorted white ledger) paper originating from mechanical processes as well as used paper types that contain a lot of ink has a negative impact because it causes no optimal value for the optical properties of deinked pulp. The cause of these problems is the high content of metals and lignin. To overcome this problem, it is necessary to add DTPA (Diethylene Triamine Pentaacetic Acid) as a remover for metals and bleaching agents to remove lignin. The bleaching agents used in this study were sodium percarbonate, hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorite, and xylanase. Variation of bleach dose (1%, 1,5%, and 2%) and temperature (50°C, 70°C, and 90°C) is performed to determine the optimal point. The results showed that the whitening material used was able to increase the bright and white degrees of deinked pulp. The most optimal optical properties values obtained in the whitening process using 2% sodium percarbonate at 70°C, with a bright degree value of 85.30% ISO and a degree of white of 112.27% ISO. Keywords: SWL, waste paper, sodium percarbonate, hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorite, xylanase.

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The role of copper ions in hydrogen peroxide bleaching: Their origin, removal, and effect on pulp quality

TAPPI Journal ◽

10.32964/tj11.7.37 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 37-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

PEDRO E.G. LOUREIRO ◽

SANDRINE DUARTE ◽

DMITRY V. EVTUGUIN ◽

M. GRAÇA V.S. CARVALHO

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Copper Ions ◽

Peroxide Bleaching ◽

Metals Removal ◽

Peroxide Decomposition ◽

Equipment Corrosion ◽

And Performance ◽

And Control ◽

Main Effects

This study puts particular emphasis on the role of copper ions in the performance of hydrogen peroxide bleaching (P-stage). Owing to their variable levels across the bleaching line due to washing filtrates, bleaching reagents, and equipment corrosion, these ions can play a major role in hydrogen peroxide decomposition and be detrimental to polysaccharide integrity. In this study, a Cu-contaminated D0(EOP)D1 prebleached pulp was subjected to an acidic washing (A-stage) or chelation (Q-stage) before the alkaline P-stage. The objective was to understand the isolated and combined role of copper ions in peroxide bleaching performance. By applying an experimental design, it was possible to identify the main effects of the pretreatment variables on the extent of metals removal and performance of the P-stage. The acid treatment was unsuccessful in terms of complete copper removal, magnesium preservation, and control of hydrogen peroxide consumption in the following P-stage. Increasing reaction temperature and time of the acidic A-stage improved the brightness stability of the D0(EOP)D1AP bleached pulp. The optimum conditions for chelation pretreatment to maximize the brightness gains obtained in the subsequent P-stage with the lowest peroxide consumption were 0.4% diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), 80ºC, and 4.5 pH.

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The Effect of Microwave Treatment on the Hydrogen Peroxide Bleaching of Soda-AQ Wheat Straw Pulp

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.236-238.1307 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 236-238 ◽

pp. 1307-1312

Author(s):

Chao Jun Wu ◽

Chuan Shan Zhao ◽

Jun Li ◽

Ke FU Chen

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Wheat Straw ◽

Fiber Length ◽

Weighted Average ◽

Microwave Treatment ◽

Arithmetic Average ◽

Peroxide Bleaching ◽

Bleached Pulp ◽

Infra Red ◽

Wheat Straw Pulp

In this paper, the effect of microwave treatment on the hydrogen peroxide bleaching of Soda-AQ wheat-straw pulp was investigated. The results showed that microwave treatment could increase the brightness of the hydrogen peroxide bleached pulp. The fiber coarseness of microwave enhancing peroxide bleached pulp was higher than that of the peroxide bleached pulp. However, the arithmetic average fiber length, the length weighted average fiber length and weight weighted average fiber length of the former was lower than that of the latter. Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra showed that CrI(%) crystallinity of microwave enhancing peroxide bleached pulp was similar as that of the peroxide bleached pulp but all higher than that of the Soda-AQ wheat-straw pulp. N·O′KI infra-red crystalline index of microwave enhancing peroxide bleached pulp were lower than that of the peroxide bleached pulp. The FTIR spectra of lignin showed that the microwave treatment had some influences on the methoxyl and phenolic group in lignin.

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Influence of Hydrogen Peroxide Bleaching Gels on Color, Opacity, and Fluorescence of Composite Resins

Operative Dentistry ◽

10.2341/11-189-l ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 37 (5) ◽

pp. 526-531 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

CRG Torres ◽

CF Ribeiro ◽

E Bresciani ◽

AB Borges

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Composite Resin ◽

Color Change ◽

Composite Resins ◽

Control Group ◽

Peroxide Bleaching ◽

Color Changes ◽

Tukey Test ◽

Bleaching Gels ◽

Bleaching Treatment

SUMMARY The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of 20% and 35% hydrogen peroxide bleaching gels on the color, opacity, and fluorescence of composite resins. Seven composite resin brands were tested and 30 specimens, 3-mm in diameter and 2-mm thick, of each material were fabricated, for a total of 210 specimens. The specimens of each tested material were divided into three subgroups (n=10) according to the bleaching therapy tested: 20% hydrogen peroxide gel, 35% hydroxide peroxide gel, and the control group. The baseline color, opacity, and fluorescence were assessed by spectrophotometry. Four 30-minute bleaching gel applications, two hours in total, were performed. The control group did not receive bleaching treatment and was stored in deionized water. Final assessments were performed, and data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance and Tukey tests (p<0.05). Color changes were significant for different tested bleaching therapies (p<0.0001), with the greatest color change observed for 35% hydrogen peroxide gel. No difference in opacity was detected for all analyzed parameters. Fluorescence changes were influenced by composite resin brand (p<0.0001) and bleaching therapy (p=0.0016) used. No significant differences in fluorescence between different bleaching gel concentrations were detected by Tukey test. The greatest fluorescence alteration was detected on the brand Z350. It was concluded that 35% hydrogen peroxide bleaching gel generated the greatest color change among all evaluated materials. No statistical opacity changes were detected for all tested variables, and significant fluorescence changes were dependent on the material and bleaching therapy, regardless of the gel concentration.

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