scholarly journals Comparison of the performance of a microwave based and an NMR based biomaterial moisture measurement instruments

ACTA IMEKO ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Petri Juhani Österberg ◽  
Martti Heinonen ◽  
Maija Johanna Ojanen-Saloranta ◽  
Anssi Jaakko Mäkynen
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Reasonable Agreement ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
Measurement Instruments ◽  
Reference Measurement ◽  
Moisture Measurement ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
The Difference

This article compares the performance of an NMR-based and a microwave based moisture measurement instruments designed for biomaterials. The conventional moisture measurement method, Loss-on-Drying (LoD) serves as a reference measurement for both instruments. Six different biomaterials at three moisture content levels were measured with the microwave instrument and five biomaterials with the NMR instrument. After instrument calibrations, the difference and variation of the measurement results for parallel samples and the repeatability of the NMR and microwave instruments were estimated. Reasonable agreement between the measurement methods was achieved.

scholarly journals Methods of Assessing Degradation of Supercapacitors by Using Various Measurement Techniques

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 2311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislaw Galla ◽  
Arkadiusz Szewczyk ◽  
Janusz Smulko ◽  
Patryk Przygocki
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Method ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Qualitative Evaluation ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Qualitative Analyses ◽  
Invasive Measurement

This article presents the qualitative analyses of the construction of supercapacitor samples. The analyses are based on the suggested thermographic measurements as well as the technique of testing the inherent noise of the investigated element. The indicated assessment methods have been referred to the currently used parameters for the qualitative evaluation of supercapacitors. The approach described in this paper, which introduces additional parameters assessing worn out of supercapacitors, can be included in the so-called non-invasive measurement methods, which allow the assessment of the condition of the sample under test. This article presents the applied measurement stands and verifies of the applicability of measurement methods in relation to the currently used parameters allowing for the qualitative assessment of supercapacitors. The measurement method presented in this article was used to study prototypes of supercapacitors. The measurement results allow for more accurate characterization of the observed element. Conducted tests revealed, at the same time, that one of the proposed evaluation methods, based on measurements of inherent noise of tested supercapacitors, is a method predicting their degradation.

scholarly journals Analysis Of Form Coefficient For Measuring Gross Tonnage Of Wooden Ship Based On Domestic Meansurment Method Of Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-171
Author(s):  
Habibi Amal ◽  
Syamsul Asri ◽  
Andi Ardianti ◽  
Suandar Baso
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Method ◽  
Processing Method ◽  
Volume Factor ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Data Processing Method ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Mathematical Equations ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Actual Size

Most of the traditional wooden boats in Sinjai and Bone Districts were measured using the domestic measurement method, ship owners with sizes <GT 7 and <GT 30 refused to verify their vessels. Ship owners feel disadvantaged in terms of policies, permits, landing fees, subsidized fuel rations and so on. This study aims to determine the characteristics of the size and shape of traditional wooden ships, analyze and compare the results of the calculation of the gross tonnage (GT) of the ship which is calculated based on the actual size and shape of the ship (real body) with the ship calculated using domestic measurement methods and compiling mathematical equations in determining the value of the ship volume factor based on the main size to calculate the GT. The data processing method was carried out by using the Slovin technique with a population of 49 ship data for the determination of the minimum sample and then entered into the interval class. The results showed that the traditional wooden ships in Sinjai and Bone Regencies have geometric characteristics that are not much different from one another, but the main sizes are quite varied. The larger the main size of the ship, the greater the difference in GT calculations when using the volume factor value based on the domestic measurement method compared to using the volume factor value generated by real body calculations. The formula for the volume factor value (Cb or f) = 0.238 Log ((LBH)1/3) + 0.5134 can be used to determine the volume factor, especially for ships operating in the Sinjai and Bone Regencies as well as an initial reference for measurements by measuring experts ship so that moderate measurement results are obtained.

Measuring the moisture content of flatware by the infrared moisture measurement method

1983 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-37
Author(s):  
Z. G. Anikashvili ◽  
N. V. Chkoidze ◽  
D. S. Shaptoshvili ◽  
I. M. Iosebashvili ◽  
V. E. Libman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Moisture Measurement

scholarly journals Estimation of the POD Function and the LOD of a Qualitative Microbiological Measurement Method

2009 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 1763-1772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cordula Wilrich ◽  
Peter-Theodor Wilrich
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
Probability Of Detection ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Measurement Result ◽  
Measurement Results

Abstract Qualitative microbiological measurement methods in which the measurement results are either 0 (microorganism not detected) or 1 (microorganism detected) are discussed. The performance of such a measurement method is described by its probability of detection as a function of the contamination (CFU/g or CFU/mL) of the test material, or by the LODp, i.e., the contamination that is detected (measurement result 1) with a specified probability p. A complementary loglog model was used to statistically estimate these performance characteristics. An intralaboratory experiment for the detection of Listeria monocytogenes in various food matrixes illustrates the method. The estimate of LOD50 is compared with the Spearman-Kaerber method.

UNCERTAINTY OF THE MEASUREMENTS RESULTS OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ITS METHODS ASSESSMENT

2021 ◽  
pp. 84-91
Author(s):  
F.N. Karachevtsev ◽  
◽  
A.F. Letov ◽  
A.V. Slavin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Sample ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
Measuring Instrument ◽  
Uncertainty Of Measurement ◽  
Expanded Uncertainty ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Final Measurement ◽  
Repeatability And Reproducibility ◽  
The Difference

An explanation of the difference between the uncertainty and the error of the measurement results, which is in the approach to their assessment, is given. The standard and expanded uncertainty are estimated taking into account the uncertainty at each operation to transfer the size of a physical quantity from a standard (standard sample) to a measuring instrument and during measurements. The error is estimated based on the variance of the final measurement. Methods for evaluating the uncertainty of measurement results are given depending on regulatory documents, metrological characteristics, measurement methods, such as indicators and limits of repeatability and reproducibility.

scholarly journals Research and verification of internal and external measurement methods of large oil storage tanks capacity based on 3D lasers canning

2021 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 01053
Author(s):  
Xianlei Chen ◽  
Yexin Xu ◽  
Yeyong Wang ◽  
Zenan Wu ◽  
Junxue Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storage Tank ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Data Comparison ◽  
Oil Storage ◽  
Inner Radius ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Internal Measurement ◽  
The Difference

Nowadays, as an important tool for petrochemical enterprises to store and transport various petrochemical products, large oil storage tanks are highly praised by a large number of oil enterprises because of their characteristics of large capacity and stable storage. For the same storage tank, on the premise of elevation determination, the accuracy of the measurement results for capacity actually mainly depends on the accurate measurement of the inner radius of each circle plate. In this paper, a 10000m3 stroage tank T1 is selected to measure the inner radius by strapping tape method, total station internal measurement method and 3D laser scanner internal and external measurement method. Through data comparison, the accuracy of the above methods for measuring the inner radius of the first circle plate of storage tank is discussed and verified, and the difference of measurement results and accuracy between internal and external measurement of ten circle plates of storage tank by 3D laser scanner. It is concluded that the external measurement method of 3D laser scanner based on the principle of cloud to cloud splicing has poor result in tank’s inner radius measurement, but it is feasible based on the principle of target ball splicing.

Reliability and Validity of Physical Tools and Measurement Methods to Quantify Hand Swelling: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catalina Llanos ◽  
Ellen Yanxiang Gan ◽  
Jophie Chen ◽  
Mi-Joung Lee ◽  
Sharon L Kilbreath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Method ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Measurement Instruments ◽  
Health Measurement ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical Assessment

Abstract Objective Hand swelling may result from injury or trauma. Various physical assessment tools and measurement methods can be used to quantify the volume or size of the hand or fingers; however, the reliability and validity of each tool and measurement method have not been evaluated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of physical assessment tools and methods used to quantify hand and finger volume or size. Methods MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched using key terms related to swelling, edema, volume, size, hand, measures, reliability and validity. Cross-sectional or longitudinal studies that assessed reliability and/or validity of physical assessment tools or measurement methods to quantify hand swelling. Two examiners independently extracted data from the included articles and appraised the articles’ quality using the Consensus-Based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) methodology. Data extracted from studies analysing reliability and validity were grouped by type of assessment tool and measurement method. Conclusions Five physical assessment tools used for quantification of hand swelling were evaluated. All measurement methods with these tools had good to excellent reliability and moderate to high validity. The evidence underpinning the figure-of-eight technique, which uses a tape measure, was the highest. Because these physical assessment tools and measurement methods assess different aspects and regions of the hand, which one is selected would depend on the region of interest for assessment and the availability of tools. Impact Reliable tools and measurement methods are available to measure the size or volume of the hand and fingers, either together or separately. The best tool will depend on the aim of assessment and tool availability.

Effects of Non-uniform Kernel Moisture Content on Moisture Measurement of Corn

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-93
Author(s):  
Bíborka Gillay ◽  
David B. Funk
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Moisture Measurement ◽  
Safe Storage ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Moisture Meter ◽  
Percent Moisture ◽  
New Crop ◽  
The U.S

The price paid for corn is usually based on 15.0 or 15.5 percent moisture content. However, corn must be dried below 13 percent moisture to ensure safe storage for a year or more. In the U.S., such stored corn cannot be directly remoistened before selling it, but it can be mixed with moist new-crop corn. Accurate moisture measurement of mixtures of dry and moist corn is important to permit adjustment of blending ratios to maximize profitability, but grain moisture meters are less accurate for mixtures of wet and dry grain. This research evaluated the differences between dielectric-type moisture meter results for mixed and equilibrated corn samples at different moisture levels and different measurement frequencies. Equilibrated grain samples tended to give lower moisture results than recently mixed grain samples - especially in the 1 to 10 MHz region. These differences permitted detection of mixtures by using moisture measurements at two frequencies.

scholarly journals Investigations on the Optical Properties of InGaN/GaN Multiple Quantum Wells with Varying GaN Cap Layer Thickness

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowei Wang ◽  
Feng Liang ◽  
Degang Zhao ◽  
Zongshun Liu ◽  
Jianjun Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Quantum Wells ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Stark Effect ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Multiple Quantum ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Cap Layer ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Three InGaN/GaN MQWs samples with varying GaN cap layer thickness were grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) to investigate the optical properties. We found that a thicker cap layer is more effective in preventing the evaporation of the In composition in the InGaN quantum well layer. Furthermore, the quantum-confined Stark effect (QCSE) is enhanced with increasing the thickness of GaN cap layer. In addition, compared with the electroluminescence measurement results, we focus on the difference of localization states and defects in three samples induced by various cap thickness to explain the anomalies in room temperature photoluminescence measurements. We found that too thin GaN cap layer will exacerbates the inhomogeneity of localization states in InGaN QW layer, and too thick GaN cap layer will generate more defects in GaN cap layer.

Assessing bias, precision, and agreement in method comparison studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 778-796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Taffé
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Method ◽  
Method Comparison ◽  
Estimation Procedure ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Confidence Bands ◽  
The Other ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Simultaneous Confidence Bands ◽  
Index Of Agreement

Recently, a new estimation procedure has been developed to assess bias and precision of a new measurement method, relative to a reference standard. However, the author did not develop confidence bands around the bias and standard deviation curves. Therefore, the goal in this paper is to extend this methodology in several important directions. First, by developing simultaneous confidence bands for the various parameters estimated to allow formal comparisons between different measurement methods. Second, by proposing a new index of agreement. Third, by providing a series of new graphs to help the investigator to assess bias, precision, and agreement between the two measurement methods. The methodology requires repeated measurements on each individual for at least one of the two measurement methods. It works very well to estimate the differential and proportional biases, even with as few as two to three measurements by one of the two methods and only one by the other. The repeated measurements need not come from the reference standard but from either measurement methods. This is a great advantage as it may sometimes be more feasible to gather repeated measurements with the new measurement method.

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