scholarly journals A Screening Program for the Detection of Hearing Loss in Preschool Children

1955 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 1101-1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Mosher ◽  
Adfur E. Maines
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Screening Program

scholarly journals Prevalence and characteristics of hearing and vision loss in preschool children from low income South African communities: results of a screening program of 10,390 children

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Eksteen ◽  
Robert H. Eikelboom ◽  
Hannah Kuper ◽  
Stefan Launer ◽  
De Wet Swanepoel
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
South African ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Vision Screening ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Sensory Impairments ◽  
African Community

Abstract Background The majority of children with sensory impairments live in low- and middle-income countries. More studies of hearing and vision impairment prevalence are needed, in order to generate more accurate estimates of trends in sensory impairments. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and describe the characteristics of hearing and vision loss among preschool children (4–7 years) in an underserved South African community following community-based mobile health (mHealth) supported hearing and vision services. Methods A screening program of sensory impairments was undertaken of children attending preschools in the communities of Khayelitsha and Mitchell’s Plain, Cape Town, from September 2017 until June 2019. Hearing and vision screening were done by trained community health workers using mHealth technology. Children who failed hearing and vision screening were seen for follow-up assessments at their preschools. Follow-up assessments were conducted using smartphones that host point-of-care validated and calibrated hearing and vision testing applications (hearTest app, hearX Group, South Africa and PeekAcuity app, Peek Vision, United Kingdom). Descriptive statistical analysis and logistic regression analysis were conducted after extracting data from a secure cloud-based server (mHealth Studio, hearX Group) to Microsoft Excel (2016). Results A total of 10,390 children were screened at 298 preschools over 22 months. Of the children screened, 5.6 and 4.4% of children failed hearing and vision screening respectively. Community-based follow-up hearing tests were done at the preschools on 88.5% (514) of children of whom 240 children (54.2% female) presented with hearing loss. A preschool-based follow-up vision test was done on 400 children (88.1%). A total of 232 children (46.1% female) had a vision impairment, and a further 32 children passed the test but had obvious signs of ocular morbidity. Logistic regression analysis found that age was a significant predictor of vision loss (p < 0.05), but not for hearing loss (p = 0.06). Gender was not a significant predictor of hearing (p = 0.22) or vision loss (p = 0.20). Conclusions Hearing loss is prevalent in at least 22 per 1000 and vision loss in at least 23 per 1000 preschool children in an underserved South African community. Timely identification of sensory losses can be facilitated through community-based hearing and vision services supported by mHealth technology.

scholarly journals Reference intervals of spot urine copper excretion in preschool children and potential application in pre-symptomatic screening of Wilson’s disease

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelson Leung-sang Tang ◽  
Joannie Hui ◽  
Dan Huang ◽  
Man Fung Tang ◽  
Xingyan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Copper Concentration ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Copper Excretion ◽  
Spot Urine ◽  
Presymptomatic Stage

ABSTRACTBackgroundWith spot urine collected from a large control sample of preschool children (aged 3-7 years), reference range of spot urine copper excretion indexes and their biological variation were defined.MethodsIn order to investigate their test performance in screening of Wilson disease in this age group, multiple spot urine samples from 6 WD patients diagnosed at presymptomatic stage were analysed. Cut-off values for spot urine copper concentration, copper to creatinine ratio and copper to osmolality ratio at 0.5 µmol/L, 0.1 µmol/mmol and 0.00085 µmol/mOsmol (32 µg/L, 56 µg/g creatinine and 0.054 µg/mOsmol, respectively, in conventional units) have potential application in differentiation of WD patients.ResultsThe data provides a new insight that the inter-individual variation of spot urine copper indexes (CVg) were moderate with figures around 60% which was similar to other clinically useful urine tests, such as urine albumin excretion ratio. Spot urine copper excretion strongly correlated with both urine creatinine and osmolality. And more than 95% of data points in health preschool children fell within prediction regions by linear regression suggesting a good utility of normalisation by these 2 analytes. Receiver operator curve (ROC) showed that copper to osmolality ratio was the best index with an area under curve (AUC) greater than 0.98.ConclusionsBased on the data, a new WD screening time window targeting preschool children is proposed. Application of a bivariate screening strategy using spot urine copper concentration and urine osmolality may be useful in a population screening program for preschool children.

scholarly journals Addressing Auditory Health with a Medical Student-Run Screening Program in an Urban, Underserved Minority Population

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 2-7
Author(s):  
Justin Chin ◽  
Patrick O’Toole ◽  
Jun Lin ◽  
Julie Lavalliere ◽  
Grace Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Medical Student ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Minority Population ◽  
Underserved Communities ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Health Fairs

Abstract Background: Introduction: 1 in 6 Americans has or will have a sensory or communication disorder in their lifetime. In New York, approximately 12.6% of the population is affected by some degree of hearing loss or vestibular dysfunction. Osteopathic medical student auditory screenings have the potential to positively impact communities in screening for auditory disorders. The aim of this study is to argue for the importance of incorporating auditory screening programs into osteopathic student-run health fairs to positively impact underserved communities. Methods: Osteopathic medical students developed an auditory screening protocol and training session to detect auditory pathologies in health fair participants. Screenings included patient intake, hearing loss risk factor discussion questions, and audiological testing such as the whispered voice and turning fork tests. Participants of Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine’s fall and spring health fairs were invited to undergo the screening from September 2017 to March 2018 in New York City, New York. Results: During the inaugural health fairs, 28 participants were screened for auditory pathologies. 6 participants (21%) were referred for additional testing due to abnormal or inconclusive results. Median age of participants was 60 with 19 females and 9 males, IQR 5. Participants primarily self-identified as African American/Black (54%, n=15) or Hispanic (29%, n=8). Conclusion: The results of this pilot project underscore the benefits of effective auditory screening programs at osteopathic student-run health fairs, especially in urban, underserved communities.

scholarly journals Concurrent genetic and standard screening test for hearing reduction

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Marina Davcheva Chakar ◽  
Gjorgji Bozhinovski ◽  
Emilija Shukarova Stefanovska ◽  
Dejan Trajkov
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Genetic Screening ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Deaf Child ◽  
Hearing Screening ◽  
Pathogenic Variant ◽  
Gjb2 Gene ◽  
Brainstem Response

Reduction of hearing is the most common sensory impairment among newborns with an incidence of 1-3 per 1000 births. Introduction of an Auditory Newborn screening program allows early identification of hearing impairment. Mainly, congenital hearing loss in early childhood is a result of genetic changes. Due to high frequency of GJB2 pathogenic variants, its molecular characterization among sensorineural hearing reduction cases is already conducted as a routine analysis in many countries. The aim of this study is to show our initial results in the effort to determine whether genetic screening along with the standard hearing screening in newborns is justified. Otoacoustic emission (OAE) method was conducted in 223 newborns at risk of hearing impairment. Among them, 7 did not pass the test in both ears while 9 exhibited one-sided hearing loss. In all 7 children with indication of profound bilateral deafness, the diagnosis was confirmed using auditory brainstem response. Genetic screening of GJB2 gene was performed in 6 of them. Genetic analysis of GJB2 revealed homozygous state of the most common pathogenic variant 35delG in 3 (50%) of the analyzed infants. In the remaining 3 no pathogenic variant was determined. The results indicate that performing auditory OAE together with genetic screening is justified. In newborns who have not passed the hearing screening test and have profound hearing loss, without other syndrome traits, screening for mutations of GJB2 gene should be conducted. Genetic screening enables establishment of early definite diagnosis for deafness and helps in conducting adequate therapy providing timely rehabilitation and social inclusion of deaf child. Key words: hearing loss, genetic screening, auditory screening, GJB2 gene

HEARING LOSS IN INFANTS AND PRESCHOOL CHILDREN

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-124
Author(s):  
Geoffrey C. Robinson ◽  
John R. Brummitt ◽  
James R. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Hearing Impairment

The various etiologies of hearing impairment in 200 preschool children are described. The implications of these findings insofar as they affect the pediatrician are discussed.

HEARING LOSS IN INFANTS AND PRESCHOOL CHILDREN

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-114
Author(s):  
Geoffrey C. Robinson ◽  
David C. Kendall ◽  
Kenneth G. Cambon
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Early Initiation ◽  
Diagnostic Assessment

This paper reviews the development of a provincial program to evaluate and train preschool children with hearing impairment of a degree sufficient to interfere with language and speech development. Problems relating to delay in diagnostic assessment and hence to early initiation of training are described, and some suggestions for overcoming them are made. It is suggested that physicians, and particularly pediatricians, have an important role in the resolution of these problems.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of newborn hearing screening program in Zahedan: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 2067-2071
Author(s):  
Gholam-Ali Dashti Khavidaki ◽  
Reza Gharibi
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Hearing Screening ◽  
Newborn Hearing Screening ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Maternity Hospitals ◽  
Newborn Hearing

Introduction: Hearing loss is one of the most common congenital disorders. The prevalence of this disorder in different communities has been reported between 3.5 to 9 percent, which can have adverse effects on language learning, communication, and education of children. Also, early diagnosis of this disorder in newborns is not possible without the use of hearing screening. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of newborn hearing screening programs in Zahedan. Method: In this cross-sectional observational study, all babies born in the maternity hospitals of Zahedan city (maternity hospitals of Nabi Akram, Imam Ali, and Social Security hospitals) in 2020, were examined. In order to conduct the study, TEOAE was initially performed for all neonates. Then, based on the results obtained in the ODA test and in case of unsatisfactory response, cases were referred for re-evaluation. Infants who were rejected again in the second stage were immediately subjected to the AABR test and if they failed in this test, they were also subjected to a diagnostic ABR test. Results: Based on our results, 7700 infants were first evaluated with the OAE test. Of these, 580 (8%) had no OAE response. Out of 580 infants rejected in the first stage, 76 infants were also rejected in the second stage; Among them, 8 infants were re-diagnosed with hearing impairments. Finally, out of 3 infants who were diagnosed with hearing loss, 1 (33%) had conductive hearing loss and 2 (67%) had sensorineural hearing loss. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, the implementation of a comprehensive neonatal hearing screening program is necessary for the timely and early diagnosis and treatment of hearing loss. Also, screening can improve the health of children and their personal, social, and educational development in the future. Keywords: Hearing screening, hearing loss, newborns, OAE, AABR

Effects of Clinician-Guided Emergent Literacy Intervention Using Interactive Tablet Technology for Preschool Children With Cochlear Implants

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 195-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle Brouwer ◽  
Hannah Downing ◽  
Sara Westhoff ◽  
Ryann Wait ◽  
Lavin K. Entwisle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Early Literacy ◽  
Emergent Literacy ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Literacy Intervention ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Print Knowledge

The purpose of this study was to investigate if intervention based on a mobile application would improve the print knowledge and vocabulary of preschool children with and without hearing loss. This was a multiple baseline study that included four preschool children. Two of the children had hearing loss and utilized cochlear implants, while the other two had normal hearing. Clinicians utilized a mobile application to facilitate print knowledge (i.e., sound-symbol relationships) and to acquire new vocabulary. By the end of the study, all four children demonstrated improved familiarity with the targeted letter sounds and improved knowledge of the vocabulary words that were utilized during the study. The results of this study indicate that the mobile application, in combination with clinician scaffolding, was an effective tool for facilitating early literacy skills in preschool children. Prior print knowledge and vocabulary development appeared to be stronger indicators of response to treatment than hearing status.

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