scholarly journals Study of Pasture Productivity for Semi-Intensive Cattle System during Dry Season in the South Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmat Endang Two Sulfiar ◽  
Bayu Andri Atmoko ◽  
Budi Guntoro ◽  
I Gede Suparta Budisatria
Keyword(s):  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Weather Condition ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Capacity Data ◽  
Pasture Productivity

This study was aimed to evaluate the characteristics and productivity of pasture for semi-intensive cattle system in South Konawe Regency during dry season. The study was conducted in August-September 2019 as dry season based on the weather condition and was determine by Department of Statistics Center of South Konawe Regency. A total of 55 selected smallholder farmers in two areas in South Konawe Regency, namely West Ranomento (30) and Konda (25) Districts. Data were obtained by interview to find out the farmers profile and pasture characteristics. Production was measured by forage sampling (1x1m) to calculate annual production. Samples were proximately analyzed to calculate dry matter production and the carrying capacity. Data were analyzed descriptively and statistically with an independent sample t-test. The botanical composition in both locations was highly dominated (>90%) by field grasses. The grassland ownership was not different between two areas. Grassland ownership at West Ranomento and Konda were 0.78±0.14 and 0.21±0.04 Ha/farmer, respectively. The pasture production between West Ranomento (2.27±0.10 ton/ha) and Konda District (1.76±0.05 ton/ha) was significantly different (p<0.05),. Pasture production and carrying capacity indicated that conditions in West Ranomento were significantly higher (p<0.05) compared to Konda District. The fresh forages production was 10.98±2.26 vs. 2.17±0.51 ton/year, forages that can be consumed was 3.30±0.67 vs. 3.30±0.67ton/year, dry matter production was 0.72±0.15 vs. 0.18±0.04 ton/year and carrying capacity was 0.22±0.04 vs. 0.05±0.01 AU/year respectively. It was concluded that the pasture productivity at the study area during dry season was very low based on productivity and carrying capacity.

Grazed pasture parameters. I. Pasture dry-matter production and availability in a stocking rate and grazing management experiment with dairy cows

1966 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.G. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Grazing Management ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Rotational Grazing ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Grazed Pasture ◽  
Matter Production

1. Net pasture dry matter production and available pasture dry matter were measured over 3 years in a small-scale replica of the study of the effects of dairy cow grazing management and stocking rate reported by McMeekan & Walshe (1963).2. The four treatments were(i) Controlled rotational grazing, light stocking rate (0.95 cows/acre).(ii) Controlled rotational grazing, heavy stocking rate (1.19 cows/acre).(iii) Uncontrolled, set stocked grazing, light stocking rate (0.95 cows/acre).(iv) Uncontrolled, set stocked grazing, heavy stocking rate (1.19 cows/acre).3. The pasture measurement technique employed measured net pasture production (gains through new growth minus losses from all sources). It is argued that this parameter, rather than absolute pasture production, governs the changes in the dry matter feed supply to the grazing animal.

Low rates of phosphorus fertiliser applied strategically throughout the growing season under rain-fed conditions did not affect dry matter production of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 353 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. L. Burkitt ◽  
D. J. Donaghy ◽  
P. J. Smethurst
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Lolium Perenne L ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
Intensively Managed

Pasture is the cheapest source of feed for dairy cows, therefore, dairy pastures in Australia are intensively managed to maximise milk production and profits. Although soil testing commonly suggests that soils used for dairy pasture production have adequate supplies of phosphorus (P), many Australian dairy farmers still apply fertiliser P, often by applying smaller rates more frequently throughout the year. This study was designed to test the hypotheses that more frequent, but lower rates of P fertiliser applied strategically throughout the growing season have no effect on dry matter production and P concentration in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), when soil extractable P concentrations are above the critical value reported in the literature. Three field sites were established on rain-fed dairy pasture soils ranging in P sorption capacity and with adequate soil P concentrations for maximising pasture production. Results showed that applied P fertiliser had no effect on pasture production across the 3 sites (P > 0.05), regardless of rate or the season in which the P was applied, confirming that no P fertiliser is required when soil extractable P concentrations are adequate. This finding challenges the viability of the current industry practice. In addition, applying P fertiliser as a single annual application in summer did not compromise pasture production at any of the 3 sites (P > 0.05), which supports the current environmental recommendations of applying P during drier conditions, when the risk of surface P runoff is generally lower. The current results also demonstrate that the short-term cessation of P fertiliser application may be a viable management option, as a minimal reduction in pasture production was measured over the experimental period.

Effects of irrigation frequency and transient waterlogging on the production of a perennial ryegrass - white clover pasture

1997 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 165 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Dunbabin ◽  
I. H. Hume ◽  
M. E. Ireson
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Irrigation Frequency ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Absolute Increase ◽  
Irrigation Interval ◽  
Matter Production

Summary. Perennial ryegrass–white clover swards were irrigated for 3 years every 50, 80 and 120 mm of crop evapotranspiration minus rainfall (ETc–R) and water ponded on the soil surface for either 4, 12 or 24 h at each irrigation. Pasture production and clover content were highly seasonal, peaking in spring and autumn. Frequent irrigation increased dry matter production by an average of 56%. When irrigating at 50 mm ETc–R, dry matter production was decreased by ponding water on plots, 17% for 12 h ponding and 14% if ponded for 24 h. However, when irrigating at an interval of 80 mm ETc–R ponding increased dry matter production by 7% for 12 h ponding and by 25% for 24 h ponding. Ponding also increased production at an irrigation interval of 120 mm ETc–R by 25% for 12 h ponding but only by 2.4% for 24 h ponding. While these increases in dry matter production are large in relative terms the absolute increase in production is small. More water infiltrated per irrigation at longer irrigation intervals, and at longer ponding times. Frequently irrigated, rapidly drained swards used irrigation water most efficiently. The small gain in dry matter production achieved by prolonging ponding at longer irrigation intervals is an inefficient use of water and likely to recharge regional groundwater systems. Oxygen diffusion rate measurements suggested that ponding for as short as 4 h was likely to cause waterlogging stresses and that these stresses were higher when irrigating frequently. The relative increase in waterlogging stress by extending the period of ponding from 4 to 24 h was small.

A relation between wool production per animal and annual pasture dry matter production per animal

1982 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 705 ◽  
Author(s):  
BA Rowe
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Simple Relation ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
First Year ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Wool Production ◽  
The Third ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Curvilinear Relation

A simple relation between the annual wool production per animal (y) and the amount of pasture dry matter produced per animal (x) was derived and tested using the results from a grazing experiment in which the effects of superphosphate and stocking rate on wool and pasture dry matter production were measured from pastures which were continuously grazed by Merino wethers for 3 years. The linear relation, y = a + b/x, accounted for 63% of the variance in wool production per animal in the first year, 82 % in the second and 97 % in the third. Exclusion of an outlier from the first year results increased the variance accounted for to 85 %. This model is simpler and more precise than some others that have been published. It is also consistent with the curvilinear relation between production per animal (y) and pasture production per animal (x).

A lysimeter study of the water balance of border-check irrigated perennial pasture

2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bethune ◽  
Q. J. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Deep Drainage ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Loam Soil

The dairy industry is a major user of water in northern Victoria and southern New South Wales. Water is typically applied to pasture using the border-check irrigation system. The border-check system is largely gravity driven and thus energy efficient. However, deep drainage can potentially be high because the system allows only limited control over the depth of water applied in each irrigation event. For this reason, heavy soils are regarded as the most suitable for border-check irrigation. This study quantified net deep drainage (deep drainage less capillary rise) under border-check irrigated pasture on a Goulburn clay loam soil. Additionally, the study investigated the extent to which irrigation frequency and watertable conditions influence water use, dry matter production and deep drainage. The water balance and dry matter production were monitored over 2.5 years in a lysimeter facility in northern Victoria. The Goulburn clay loam is representative of the heavier textured soils used for border-check irrigation of pasture in northern Victoria. The average measured net deep drainage was 4 mm/year. This indicates that relatively small levels of net deep drainage can be achieved under well-managed border-check irrigation on a Goulburn clay loam soil. Net deep drainage losses were greatest following winter, when rainfall exceeded pasture water use for an extended period. Increasing the interval between irrigation events resulted in reduced plant water use, infiltration of irrigation water, rainfall runoff and pasture production. However, increasing the interval did not impact on net deep drainage or water use efficiency. Depth of watertable had a relatively minor impact on the water balance.

SEASONAL DISTRIBUTION OF DRY MATTER PRODUCTION FROM PURE AND OVERDRILLED LUCERNE AND FROM LUCERNEGRASS MIXTURES AS COMPARED WITH PASTURE ON PUMICE COUNTRY

1979 ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
I.P.M. Mcqueen ◽  
J.A. Baars
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Seasonal Distribution ◽  
Grazing Management ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Production Data ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Variable Success ◽  
Specific Management

Dry matter production data for pure lucerne, overdrilled lucerne and pasture are presented for 14 sites on pumice soils. On average, the annual dry matter yield of lucerne, harvested at early basal shoot movement, was 50% higher than from pasture, ranging from 128% higher on a drought-prone soil where the pasture was dominant browntop to 33% on a more moisture-retentive soil type where the pasture was ryegrass dominant. From April until late October there was little difference in total dry matter between lucerne and pasture, although pasture had a .more even distribution of usable production than lucerne 'managed for maximum yield. Attempts to fill the winter/spring gap in lucerne production through introducing grasses and cereals have met with variable success. It is suggested that, on the more moisture-retentive soils, pasture production could be improved through grazing management and the use of more drought-resistant cultivars. Such an approach may meet the feed demands of animals more closely than an increasing dependence on lucerne with its specific management requirements.

scholarly journals An evaluation of tall fescue, phalaris and cocksfoot in mixes as an alternative to single-species pastures

1994 ◽  
pp. 133-138
Author(s):  
R.J. Johnson ◽  
N.A. Thomson ◽  
D.A. Mccallum ◽  
T.G. Judd
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Phalaris Aquatica ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L

Seasonal and annual dry matter production of ryegrass was compared with drought- and grass grub-tolerant species Grasslands Roa tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), Grasslands Maru phalaris (Phalaris aquatica L.) and Grasslands Kara cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) as both single species and different combinations of mixes in two trials from 1982 to 1991. In trial 1, Nui ryegrass (damaged by Argentine stem weevil) produced significantly less than cocksfoot, phalaris and mixtures of the drought-tolerant grasses. Yatsyn-1 ryegrass in trial 2 was not subjected to stem weevil attack and the annual dry matter production was significantly higher than that of tall fescue and, although not significantly, higher than that of phalaris and cocksfoot. In both trials the highest producing mixture was the phalaris/ cocksfoot mix with the exception of the triple mix of phalaris/cocksfoot/tall fescue in trial 2. The phalaris/cocksfoot mix produced significantly more than phalaris as a single species and although not significant, 14% more than cocksfoot suggesting these species are complementary in a mix. The triple mix in trial 2 produced significantly more than all single species except ryegrass. Mixes of srgnificant. tall fescue/phalaris and tall fescue/cocksfoot had no advantage in DM production over single-species sowings of phalaris or cocksfoot, but improved yields over tall fescue. These results show possible complementary effects to sowing phalaris and cocksfoot. The addition of tall fescue to the mix had small and non-significant benefits. Keywords: Dactylis glomerata, Festuca arundinacea, Loliumperenne, Phalaris aquatica. grass grub, pasture mixes, pasture production, single species, summer dry spells

scholarly journals Respuesta del pasto Bothriochloa saccharoides ([Sw.] Rydb.) a diferentes intensidades de sombra simulada en el valle cálido del Magdalena en el Tolima (Colombia).

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Piñeros ◽  
Jairo Mora Delgado ◽  
Vilma A. Holguín
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Silvopastoral Systems ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Matter Production

<p>Los sistemas silvopastoriles requieren de forrajes que soporten sombreamiento y buena calidad nutricional. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar indicadores agronómicos, producción de biomasa y calidad nutricional del pasto Vidal bajo simuladores de sombra, con porcentajes de 30%, 50% y 0% (control) de penumbra, este último actuando como control. el estudio se realizó en la Hacienda “La estrella”, ubicada en el municipio de Venadillo, Tolima. se realizaron mediciones de producción de biomasa a 52 días después de la siembra en dos épocas diferentes (húmeda y seca). se encontró una producción de materia seca en época húmeda de 3,47; 3,0 y 5,56 t ha-1 y en época seca de 2,33; 2,44 y 2,5 t ha-1 para coberturas de 50%, 30% y el control, respectivamente y no se encontraron diferencias significativas (P≤0,05) para esta variable entre las diferentes coberturas, lo cual sugiere un potencial del pasto para implementarse en sistemas agroforestales que presentan coberturas arbóreas moderadas. Con respecto a los indicadores agronómicos, la altura de la planta presentó diferencias significativas (P≤0,05) de los tratamientos 30% y 50% con respecto al tratamiento control, principalmente en la época seca. en términos nutricionales, los análisis de proteína en época húmeda fueron de 11,41%, 10,57% y 8,36% y en época seca de 9,61%, 10,51% y 12,95% para coberturas de 50%, 30% y control, respectivamente; el análisis de digestibilidad indica valores para la época húmeda de 70,02%; 71,92% y 67,77% y para época seca de 69,61%; 68,31% y 68,15% para coberturas de 50%, 30% y control, respectivamente. estos resultados demuestran un comportamiento productivo similar en las diferentes coberturas, lo cual lo hace un pasto tolerante a la sombra y una buena opción para la utilización en sistemas silvopastoriles.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Response of Bothriochloa saccharoides ([Sw.] Rydb.) grass to different simulated shade intensities in the warm valley of Magdalena in the Department of Tolima (Colombia).</strong></p><p>Silvopastoral systems must withstand shading and have good nutritional quality. This study aimed to analyze dry matter production, agronomic indicators and nutritional quality in Bothriochloa saccharoides grass, under simulated shade conditions: 30%; 50% and 0% sunlight, the last acting as control. This study was carried out at the "La estrella” farm, located in the municipality of Venadillo, Tolima. Biomass production measurements were taken 52 days after sowing, in both wet and dry season. Dry matter production in the wet season was 3.47, 3.0 and 5.56 t ha-1 and in the dry season 2.33, 2.44 and 2.5 t ha-1, for the simulated covers of 50%, 30% and the control, respectively and no significant differences (P≤0.05) were found for the variable in these treatments, which potentially suggests the use of this grass in silvopastoral systems with moderate tree cover. We observed significant differences (P≤0.05) among of the heights of the plants between 30% and 50% simulated shade compared to the control treatment, mainly in the dry season. In nutritional terms, protein results were 11.41%, 10.57% and 8.36% in the wet season and 9.61%, 10.51% and 12.95% in the dry season under the simulated shade of 50%, 30% and the control, respectively. Digestibility analysis indicated values for the wet season of 70.02%, 71.92% and 67.77% and for the dry season of 69.61%, 68.31% and 68.15% under shades of 50%, 30% and the control, respectively. These results revealed a similar productive performance under different simulated shades conditions, which makes this grass tolerant to shade conditions and a good choice for use in silvopastoral systems.</p>

scholarly journals Research Concerning Organic Solutions Suitable for Fertilizing Permanent Pasture

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioan Gheorghe OROIAN ◽  
Laura PAULETTE ◽  
Ilie COVRIG ◽  
Antonia ODAGIU ◽  
Cristian IEDERAN
Keyword(s):  
Production Function ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Permanent Pasture ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Low Phosphorus ◽  
Administration Time ◽  
Organic Solutions

The aim of the study was to demonstrate the influence of “Vinassa” use upon dry matter production function of administration time and doses. The experiments were carried on a 13 ha pasture, divided in 13 plots located in the county of Cluj, during two consecutive years: 2008 and 2009. The permanent pasture composition was made of gramineous and perennial leguminous. The application of this organic unconventional fertilizer led to important pasture production gains, when administration dose was up to 5 t/ha in singular application, and over 4 t/ha administration dose, when was applied in combination with P50 or P75. It is recommended that administration of “Vinassa” fertilizer to be performed in spring in dosis of 3 - 5 t/ha, and in mixture with P50 or P75, in order to compensate the low phosphorus content of the fertilizer.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document