Electronic Heat Capacity and Lattice Softening of Partially Deuterated Compounds of κ-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu[N(CN)2]Br

Thermodynamic investigation by calorimetric measurements of the layered organic superconductors, κ-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu[N(CN)2]Br and its partially deuterated compounds of κ-(d[2,2]-BEDT-TTF)2Cu[N(CN)2]Br and κ-(d[3,3]-BEDT-TTF)2Cu[N(CN)2]Br, performed in a wide temperature range is reported. The latter two compounds were located near the metal–insulator boundary in the dimer-Mott phase diagram. From the comparison of the temperature dependences of their heat capacities, we indicated that lattice heat capacities of the partially deuterated compounds were larger than that of the pristine compound below about 40 K. This feature probably related to the lattice softening was discussed also by the sound velocity measurement, in which the dip-like structures of the Δv/v were observed. We also discussed the variation of the electronic heat capacity under magnetic fields. From the heat capacity data at magnetic fields up to 6 T, we evaluated that the normal-state γ value of the partially deuterated compound, κ-(d[3,3]-BEDT-TTF)2Cu[N(CN)2]Br, was about 3.1 mJ K−2 mol−1. Under the magnetic fields higher than 3.0 T, we observed that the magnetic-field insulating state was induced due to the instability of the mid-gap electronic state peculiar for the two-dimensional dimer-Mott system. Even though the volume fraction was much reduced, the heat capacity of κ-(d[3,3]-BEDT-TTF)2Cu[N(CN)2]Br showed a small hump structure probably related to the strong coupling feature of the superconductivity near the boundary.

Data Shepherding in Nanotechnology: An Antimicrobial Functionality Data Capture Template

In this paper, we exhibit how to construct a template for capturing antimicrobial capacity data of nanomaterials or nanoenabled products. The template promotes the principles of making data scientifically findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable (FAIR), encouraging scientists to reuse it. The template construction roadmap entails the following steps: (1) recognize appropriate stakeholders, (2) allocate surveys to collect a general explanation of the data that will be created, (3) comprehend each stakeholder’s requirements, (4) cooperating and using straightforward communication with the participants for the selection of the minimum data requirement reporting and (5) template layout and ontological annotation. We provide an annotated template for capturing antimicrobial data, increasing their interoperability while populating it with real measurements as an example. By applying the roadmap or by utilizing the template portrayed herein, in the case of a safe-by-design nanoproject (Anticipating Safety Issues at the Design of Nano Product Development (ASINA)), data creators of antimicrobial assessments can store the data using the FAIR approach. Furthermore, data shepherds and scientists can skip the lengthy template generation process and speed up the community’s progress on the FAIR route.

Characteristics and Organizational Capacity of Nonprofits in Rural, Persistently Poor Southern Counties in the United States

The present study focuses on organizational capacity of nonprofits located in rural, persistently poor counties in the South region of the United States, an area of the country that encapsulates the majority of rural poverty. IRS Form 990 data were utilized for recruitment and to obtain demographic characteristics for nonprofits in the area of interest (N=3,530). Emailed and mailed surveys to all qualifying organizations sought to measure organizational capacity. Data from 292 nonprofits were examined in a descriptive analysis. Overall, the participating rural nonprofits scored moderate to high in most dimensions of organizational capacity. Financial management, strategic planning, collaboration, and program planning were strengths in organizational capacity. Evaluation, succession planning, fundraising planning, human resources, and volunteer management were challenges. Study findings provide guidance to capacity builders and funders to guide future training, investments, and policy related to rural nonprofits and communities they serve.

Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer using Green Communication Based on 5G Wireless Communication

Simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) has given new opportunities for dealing with the energe shortage problem in wireless networks.Green transmission for 5G cellular networks of mobile cloud access networks based on SWIPT is being examined. Considering SWIPT as a future potential solution for increasing the battery life, this technique improves energy efficiency (EE). One of the technologies is wireless communication to transfter the power used to give sufficient resources to energy-constrained networks that have consequences for 5G and the internet of things (IoT), energy efficiency, co-operative communication and suitable are supported by the SWIPT. To enhance the capacity, data rate improvement, and better performance of quality of services of further networks. In addition to these criteria, it is also our moral responsibility to protect the environment of wireless networks by lowering power usage. As a result, green communication is a critical requirement. We looked at a variety of strategies for power optimization in the impending 5G network in this article. The utilization of relays and microcells to enhance the network’s energy efficiency is the main focus. The many relaying scenarios for next-generation networks have been discussed.

All-optical binary computation based on inverse design method

The development of information technology urgently requires ultrafast, ultra-low energy consumption and ultra-high-capacity data computing abilities. Traditional computing method of electronic chips is limited by the bottleneck of Moore’s Law. All-optical computing of photonic chips provides a promising way to realize such high-performance data computing abilities. Until now, it is still a huge challenge to realize all-optical four arithmetic operations at the same time on a photonic chip. Here, we propose a new encoding scheme for all-optical binary computation, including n-bit addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. We theoretically present n-bit calculation and experimentally demonstrate 1 bit calculation. The computation part includes a half binary adder and a shifter, whose feature sizes are only 2 μm × 19.5 μm and 4 μm × 9 μm, respectively. The half binary adder and shifter consist of three low-loss basic devices through inverse design method. The distance between two adjacent basic devices is smaller than 1.5 μm, within wavelength magnitude scale. The response time is the propagation time of the signal light in a single device, within 100 fs. The threshold energy consumption is within 10 fJ/bit. Our results provide a new method to realize ultrafast, ultra-low energy consumption and ultra-high-capacity data processing abilities all-optical n-bit binary computing.

Physical Activity and Healthy Eating Programming in Schools to Support Student’s Health-Related Fitness: An Observational Study

Centers for Disease Control (CDC) guidelines recommend schools use a coordinated health approach to support healthy eating and physical activity. This study examines whether the number of healthy eating and physical activity programs and activities used by schools and their perceived success relate to students’ health-related fitness. This observational study used data from the Healthy Zone Schools Program. Data (collected in 2017–2019) were integrated from three sources: (1) school surveys, (2) FitnessGram®, and (3) the Texas Education Agency. Independent variables were the number of health promotion programs and activities and their perceived success; dependent variables were meeting Healthy Fitness Zone Standards (HFZ) for aerobic capacity and body mass index (BMI). We used mixed-effects logistic regression models. Fifty-six schools were in the analytic sample (n = 15,096 students with aerobic capacity data and n = 19,969 with BMI data). Results indicated the perceived success of physical activity programs/activities was significantly associated with students meeting HFZ standards for aerobic capacity (OR = 1.32, CI = 1.06–1.63). There was a significant direct association between the number of physical activity and healthy eating activities implemented (OR = 1.04, CI = 1.01–1.06) and students meeting HFZ for BMI. Schools using multiple health programs and activities need to balance the number provided with their capacity to maintain success.

PSIX-9 Effect of calcium nitrate fed to dairy cows on nitrate residues, fatty acids profile, and antioxidant capacity in milk

Six lactating cows (106.3 ± 14.8 DIM; 550.7 ± 21.8 kg BW) were enrolled in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square to evaluate the supplementation of double salt of calcium ammonium nitrate decahydrate (CAN), composed by 16.5% N, 76.5% of nitrate (NO3 -), and 85.0% DM, on NO3 - and nitrite (NO2 -) residues, fatty acids (FA) proportion, and antioxidant capacity in milk. Each period lasted 21 d, with 14 d for adaptation and 7 d for sampling. Treatments were URE (11.9 g/DM of urea as a control), CAN15: 15 g of CAN (11.5 g of NO3 - on DM), and CAN30: 30 g of CAN (23 g of NO3 - on DM). Milk samples were collected on d 15–16 of each period, frozen at –20°C, and after analyzed for NO3 - and NO2 - residues, fatty acids, and antioxidant capacity. Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED of SAS. Supplemental CAN increased by 26% NO3 - residue in milk (P = 0.02), whereas did not affect (P < 0.05) NO2 - concentration (average of 0.042 mg/L). Total CLA and short-chain FA were not affected (P > 0.05) by CAN. Medium-chain FA decreased linearly (P < 0.05), while long-chain FA (P = 0.06) and monounsaturated FA (P = 0.08) tended to increase linearly. Saturated FA reduced (P < 0.05) linearly; however, the total of polyunsaturated FA was not affected (P > 0.05). There were no effects of CAN (P > 0.05) on n-3, n-6, and n-6/n-3 ratio. Milk reducing power and TBARS concentration were not affected (P > 0.05) by CAN, whereas conjugated dienes increased (P = 0.02) linearly (URE= 47.6 vs. CAN15= 52.7 vs. CAN30= 63.4 mmol/kg of fat). Supplementing CAN at 30 g/DM reduced total saturated FA and increased conjugated dienes, caused possibly by lower rumen biohydrogenation, which might increase lipid oxidation in milk.