scholarly journals On the regulation of family and marriage relations in Uzbekistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
X.D. Tillaxodjaeva
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Official Statistics ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Patriarchal Family ◽  
The Media ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Family And Marriage ◽  
The 19Th Century

This article was prepared on the basis of official statistics and special surveys of families, which were collected and published by the media in Turkestan. In pre-revolutionary Uzbekistan, the principles of family-marriage relations proceeded from the economic relations of the feudal period. Therefore, at this time, the systems of the patriarchal family were characteristic, that is, the dominance of men, the lack of freedom for women, forced marriages, and disregard for the interests and rights of women and children. Today's family customs and traditions have deep historical roots, which were significant precisely at the end of the 19th century on the territory of modern Uzbekistan.

Slavery and the Slave Trade in the Sokoto Caliphate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murray Last
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Slave Trade ◽  
Local Markets ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Sokoto Caliphate ◽  
Muslim Communities ◽  
The 19Th Century

Established using a conventional Islamic model of government, the new Muslim state in Sokoto, known as the Sokoto Caliphate (1804–1903), possessed eventually very large numbers of men, women, and children, taken captive (usually when children) in jihad from mainly non-Muslim communities, to serve as slaves. These slaves worked on farms or within households, they might be concubines and bear children for their owners; or they might be sold as children for export to North Africa in payment for the luxury imports the new elite wanted. Slaves were, under Islamic law, deemed “minors” or “half-persons,” and so had rights that differed from those of the free Muslim. By the end of the 19th century there were more slaves on the local markets than could be sold; exports of captives to North Africa had already dropped. For some captives enslaved as children, however, the career as a slave led eventually to high political positions, even to owning many slaves of their own. But slaves’ property, even their children, ultimately belonged to the slave’s owner. Revolts by male slaves were very rare, but escape was commonplace. Concubines, if they ever became pregnant by their owner, could not be sold again. The abolition of slavery c.1903 was slow to become a reality for many individual slaves, whether men or women.

The Economy of the Kazakhs of the Ural and Turgai Regions in the Second Half of the 19th Century

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4 (28)) ◽  
pp. 151-156
Author(s):  
Dmitry Ya. Frizen
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Political Transformations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The 19Th Century

This article examines the process of development of the Kazakh economy, in the conditions of socio-economic and political transformations of tsarism in the Steppe territory. On the basis of a wide range of sources were studied peculiarities of cattle, agriculture, trade and economic relations in the Kazakh society.

scholarly journals Leonard Horner: A Portrait of an Inspector of Factories

1969 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 412-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernice Martin
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Social Reform ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Short Biography ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Major Figure ◽  
The 19Th Century

Leonard Horner was the most impressive and influential of the first English factory inspectors. For 26 years from 1833 to 1859 he administered the Factory Act mainly in the textile district of Lancashire. His work and that of his colleagues in the Factory Department made a success of this major experiment in legislative intervention in industry and despite the gloomy predictions of their early opponents they did not ruin the British economy in the process. The first generation of Inspectors laid the foundation for successive extensions of the Factory Act so that by the end of the 19th century working conditions and hours of labour for women and children were under legal regulation in all the major branches of manufacturing industry. Horner was acknowledged by his contemporaries to be the major figure among the early Inspectors; he even had the singular honour of being praised by Marx inCapital. This short biography will concentrate on Horner's work as Inspector of Factories since this is undoubtedly his major achievement. However it will also be concerned with other aspects of his life and interests, both because these have some importance in their own right and also in order to examine the extent to which Horner's life and thought form a coherent whole. Finally, an assessment will be made of Horner's place in social reform and in the development of English economic and social policy in the 19th century.

scholarly journals Spectators, the XXI student

Comunicar ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
Virginia-Silvina Funes
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Social Experience ◽  
Reading And Writing ◽  
The Media ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
The Spectator ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Flow Of Information

Nowadays, teachers often face apathethic and demotivated pupils. Nevertheless, these students do not show either apathy or demotivation when they stop being students and become spectators: of television, of cinema, of new technologies, of PC displays. If in the 19th century we had citizens and in the 20th century we had speakers, in 21th century we have the figure of the spectator, whose main social experience is the multiplicity of connections with the flow of information. If school was created to learn reading and writing, what do we have to learn watching? It seems that the media youngsters should teach us the way to. Cotidianamente los profesores de los centros educativos se enfrentan con un alumnado apático y desmotivado. Sin embargo, ni apatía ni desmotivación es lo que demuestran cuando dejan de ser alumnos y se convierten en espectadores de televisión, de cine, de las tecnologías, de las pantallas del PC. Si en el siglo XIX tenemos al ciudadano, y en el XX tenemos al parlante, en el siglo XXI tenemos la figura del espectador, cuya experiencia social fundamental es la experiencia de la multiplicidad de conexiones con el flujo de la información. Si para aprender a leer y a escribir inventamos la escuela, ¿qué dispositivos tenemos para aprender a mirar? Parece que tenemos que aprender nosotros de los jóvenes mediáticos.

scholarly journals New Trends in World Understanding, Worldview, Practical Activity of Late Protestant Confessions in Ukraine

2013 ◽  
pp. 87-96
Author(s):  
Petro Yarotskiy
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Religious Studies ◽  
Jehovah’S Witnesses ◽  
Practical Activity ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Media ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Protestant Denominations ◽  
Ukrainian Society

The study of processes and trends in the development of Protestant denominations in Ukraine is one of the most important areas of Ukrainian academic religious studies. These Protestant currents occupy a prominent place in the modern religious life of Ukraine and generally constitute a rather powerful segment of the Ukrainian confessional field. Some sayings of the so-called historical (or traditional) churches - the Orthodox and Catholic, and, after them, separate representatives of the socio-political wing of Ukrainian society and the media, traditionally or tendentiously, call Baptists, Adventists, Jehovah's Witnesses, the "Sectarians" of the 19th Century, despite the changes that have taken place in these denominations over the past 20 years.

Przyimki na, w oraz do przed nazwami państw, krajów i krain. Historia i współczesne wahania normatywne

Język Polski ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Marek Łaziński
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Historical Changes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Independent States ◽  
The Media ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article presents historical changes of prepositions preceding names of states, countries, and regions in Polish with the main focus on the contemporary discussion about the choice of the prepositions with names of eastern neighbours of Poland. According to dictionaries and grammars these names: Ukraina, Białoruś, and Litwa require the preposition na instead of the locative w and the adlative do, which are typical for the vast majority of land names, except for islands and peninsulas. Query in historical corpora since the 17th century showed that the preposition na had proliferated in reference to regions which belonged to the same country, importantly, not only with reference to Poland. It is also attested for pats of the Jagiellonian dynas-tic union or lands that had belonged to states that ruled parts of Poland under Partition. Despite this ten-dency, before the 19th Century, the preposition most frequently used with the names Litwa and Ukraina were the locative w and the adlative do. The traditional use of w and do in the past, typical colocations of na with regions rather than independent states, an animated discussion in the media, and the fluctuation of norm attested in the dictionaries of the last century – all these factors weigh in favour of admitting both preposi-tional patterns: na and w/do with the names of three states, eastern neighbours of Poland.

Konstantin Vysotsky and the Media Revolution in a Siberian Regional Town of the Second Half of the 19th Century

2021 ◽  
pp. 86-102
Author(s):  
Natalya P. Dvortsova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Cultural Practice ◽  
Don Quixote ◽  
Book Printing ◽  
Cultural Transformations ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Media ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The City ◽  
Printing House

The article describes the activities of Konstantin Vysotsky (1836-1886), who was first to open a photographic studio (1866), a lithographic studio (1867), a printing house (1869), and a newspaper (1879) in Tyumen. The first consideration of Vysotsky in the context of the history of the media and their transformations/revolutions contributes to the novelty of the research. It allows for a description of his experience of media transformations in a Siberian regional town of the second half of the 19th century in a systematic way, as opposed to the local and fragmentary descriptions which existed in science until now. The research methodology is integrative in nature: the study of book printing as a cultural practice in connection with economic, social and cultural transformations within the boundaries of cultural history (F. Barbier) is combined with contextual and intertextual approaches, bibliological and structural-typological analysis. The research material contains Vysotsky’s book, photographic, lithographic, and newspaper heritage stored in the Russian National Library, Tobolsk Historical and Architectural Museum-Reserve, I.Ya. Slovtsov Museum Complex (Tyumen), and the Digital Collection of the University of Tyumen entitled K.N. Vysotsky and the Media Culture of Tyumen. Vysotsky is presented both as an object and a subject of the economic, technological, social, and cultural transformations of the city. He was actively and creatively changing it. Based on the analysis of Vysotsky’s journalistic and publishing activities, his role in the history of the Tyumen shipping company and railway is revealed. The connection between Vysotsky and the landscape transformations of the city is shown. The idea that Vysotsky’s figure can be interpreted in the context of the phenomenon of new people in Russia in the 1860s-1870s is introduced. It is shown that the Tyumen generation of new people (N.M. Chukmaldin, K.N. Vysotsky, I. A. Kalganov, etc.) with their daily practices (reading, self-education, movement towards “light and will”, a new order in servant-master relations) was being formed largely under the influence of Nikolay Chernyshevsky’s novel What Is to Be Done? Tales of New People (1863), Nikolai Yadrintsev’s ideas of Siberian renovation, Ivan Turgenev’s interpretation of the image of Don Quixote (Hamlet and Don Quixote, 1860). Intertextual connections of the system of motifs revealing the image of new people in Nikolai Chukmaldin’s memoirs Notes on My Life (1902) and Chernyshevsky’s novel are presented. It is established that the first book published by Vysotsky, Charter of the Estate Manager Club in Tyumen, actually became a message about a new life of the city which Vysotsky and Chukmaldin addressed to the people of Tyumen. Another finding is the logic of Vysotsky’s professional development from photography to book printing. The author discusses the structure of the Vysotsky printing house repertoire dominated by documentary and non-fiction genres (road books, statutes, reports, calendars, catalogs, etc.). The complementarity of the book and visual (photographic and lithographic associated with the graphosphere) portraits of Tyumen created by Vysotsky contributed to a new hyper-reality which appeared in the city.

scholarly journals A tér és a látvány lehetőségei a magyar esztétizmusban

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gábor Bednanics
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
The Media ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Special Space

The intersection of culture, mediality and literature is accessible by the discourse of landscape and lyrical landscape descriptions. These Modernist spatial depictions also make us understand that the media of visual arrangements are necessary for literary articulations as well. Picture and language, seeing and speaking are not opposites but they can come forth correlated. From the 19th century, it is also obvious that Romanticism made the landscape a special space for poetry by means of the new visual challenges. In my paper, I point out some Hungarian tendencies of that subject, especially in the poetry of Mihály Babits and Gyula Juhász, regarding to the Impressionist tradition.

scholarly journals FRENCH RESEARCHER FREDERIC LE PLAY AS THE FOUNDER OF SOCIOLOGY OF BASHKIR RACE

2021 ◽  
pp. 125-132
Author(s):  
Rushan Gallyamov ◽  
◽  
Igor Kuchumov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Ethnic Relations ◽  
Structural Element ◽  
Race And Ethnic Relations ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Patriarchal Family ◽  
French Researcher ◽  
The 19Th Century

The subject of the article is the analysis of the state of the Bashkir patriarchal family as a representative part of Bashkir society in the middle of the 19th century, undertaken by the French sociologist Frédéric Le Play (1806–1882). The object of the research is his monographic study on this topic. The aim of the article is to determine the methods, which Le Play applied for studying the everyday life, economy and material culture of the Bashkirs, to analyze the facts, which he revealed and the conclusions he drew. The tasks proceeding from this goal are based on studying the features of the author's research methodology, empirical material, identifying original conclusions regarding the life support system of a large Bashkir family in the 19th century as a structural element of Bashkir society. The article shows the necessity of using methods of qualitative sociological analysis, applied by the author, in the domestic science. For the first time, a critical analysis of a previously unknown in the Russian historiography is given, its advantages and disadvantages are appreciated, as well as the possibilities of its use in the sociology of race and ethnic relations and anthropology of the Bashkirs.

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