scholarly journals FRENCH RESEARCHER FREDERIC LE PLAY AS THE FOUNDER OF SOCIOLOGY OF BASHKIR RACE

2021 ◽  
pp. 125-132
Author(s):  
Rushan Gallyamov ◽  
◽  
Igor Kuchumov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Ethnic Relations ◽  
Structural Element ◽  
Race And Ethnic Relations ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Patriarchal Family ◽  
French Researcher ◽  
The 19Th Century

The subject of the article is the analysis of the state of the Bashkir patriarchal family as a representative part of Bashkir society in the middle of the 19th century, undertaken by the French sociologist Frédéric Le Play (1806–1882). The object of the research is his monographic study on this topic. The aim of the article is to determine the methods, which Le Play applied for studying the everyday life, economy and material culture of the Bashkirs, to analyze the facts, which he revealed and the conclusions he drew. The tasks proceeding from this goal are based on studying the features of the author's research methodology, empirical material, identifying original conclusions regarding the life support system of a large Bashkir family in the 19th century as a structural element of Bashkir society. The article shows the necessity of using methods of qualitative sociological analysis, applied by the author, in the domestic science. For the first time, a critical analysis of a previously unknown in the Russian historiography is given, its advantages and disadvantages are appreciated, as well as the possibilities of its use in the sociology of race and ethnic relations and anthropology of the Bashkirs.

KALMYKS, THEIR ECONOMY AND ONOMASTICS OF THE LOWER VOLGA REGION BASED ON THE MATERIALS OF TRAVEL GUIDES ON THE VOLGA IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY

2020 ◽  
pp. 158-164
Author(s):  
A.A. Burykin ◽  
D.N. Muzraeva
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Ethnic Relations ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
Lower Volga ◽  
Eastern Border ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article presents materials on toponymy, ethnonymy and partly on the anthroponymy of the Kalmyks, presented in guides to the Volga in the second half of the XIX - early XX centuries. Language facts are closely related to descriptions of material culture, everyday life, religious beliefs of Kalmyks and inter-ethnic relations of Kalmyks on the Eastern border of their settlement. Descriptions of guidebooks significantly Supplement our knowledge of the culture of the Kalmyks of the second half of the XIX century with details that were not previously paid attention to, in particular, about the literacy of the Kalmyks and the spread of their bookishness in the traditional letter “todo bichig” (“Clear Script”).

scholarly journals The Study of Religious Customs and Traditions of the Nanai in Russian Science (Pre-Revolutionary Context) and the Experience of Their Systematization in the Literary Ethnography of Venedikt Mart

2020 ◽  
pp. 137-147
Author(s):  
Kseniya A. Zemlyanskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Literary Form ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Close Study ◽  
Wedding Ceremony ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The 19Th Century

In the 19th – early 20th centuries, the Nanai were one of the largest Tungus-Manchu peoples of the Russian Far East. A close study of their traditions and customs began in the middle of the 19th century, when numerous ethnographic expeditions of researchers (L.I. Shrenk, R.K. Maak, K.I. Maksimovich) were sent to the Amur. First of all, the researchers were interested in the material culture of the Nanai, the issues of religion were touched upon in the mainstream of ethnographic research. In the last quarter of the 19th century, the attention of researchers was directed to the description of Nanai rites of passage (D. Kropotkin, P.P. Shimkevich). Scientific expeditions of the early 20th century were aimed at describing the spiritual culture of the Nanai and its reflection in material culture (I.A. Lopatin, L.Ya. Sternberg). The description of the religious beliefs of the Nanai was recorded as a result of the missionary activities of Blagoveshchensk and Vladivostok dioceses. In 1932, the former Far East writer Venedikt Mart published the story “Dere – the Water Wedding”, where he accumulates and systematizes the accumulated knowledge about the Nanai people in literary form, introducing certain elements of fiction. Despite the fact that Venedikt Mart writes about the denial of religious customs and traditions by the new generation of Nanai, nevertheless, the story itself is, in fact, clearly fixed at its core by the content of the wedding ceremony

scholarly journals Architecture as a factor of creating comfortable buildings for abnormal children in England late in the 19th century

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 49-62
Author(s):  
E. Yu. Strelnikova
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Functional Purpose

This work is aimed at studying the origination, formation and development of the first institutions in England for abnormal children. The analysis of historical documentation, books, photographs from the collections of the Russian and foreign libraries, and recollections of employees from these institutions help to reconstruct of the building architecture and planning. The study determines the basic laws of the building creation, change, extinction and advantages and disadvantages of the architecture affecting the comfortable conditions of buildings. The latter are intended for the non-trivial functional purpose and reflect the historical connection with the architecture of the building complex. The historical experience is important for further study in this area.

scholarly journals Collections d’ethnographie et musées d’archéologie: entre désaveux muséologiques et jalons de l’histoire des sciences de l’Homme

ORGANON ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 75-100
Author(s):  
Adèle Chevalie
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
The Past ◽  
The 19Th Century

The fact that ethnographical collections, often ancient, are preserved in archaeological museums nowadays might not be obvious. The material culture of living societies is not, indeed, the priority of archaeologists, who are mainly interested in societies of the past. However, a museological and historical approach makes it possible to study these collections and highlight their differential management according to institutions and epistemological developments in the human sciences, since the middle of the 19th century.

Traditional Culture of the Life Support of Buryats: Genesis and Dynamics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Badmaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Traditional Culture ◽  
Cultural Genesis ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Policies And Practices

Th e monograph is the fi rst ethnohistorical study devoted to the analysis of the development of the culture of life support of the Buryats during the 18th–19th centuries. Th e work considers the formation of the traditional culture of life support of the Buryats in the context of ethnoand cultural genesis, examines its development in the fi rst half of the 19th century and describes the infl uence of sedentarization policies and practices on it, traces the ways and results of its transformation in the second half of the 19th century and identifi es trends in modernization. Th e book is addressed to ethnographers, historians, cultural scientists and anyone interested in the problems of Buryat culture.

scholarly journals Codzienność w rzeczach śp. Emilii z Friedleinów Majerowej. Inwentarz pośmiertny z 1842 r.

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 53-86
Author(s):  
Ewa Danowska
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Arts And Sciences ◽  
Legal Document ◽  
The Times ◽  
Manuscript Collections ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Characteristic Part

Everyday Life in the Things of the Late Emilia Majerowa, Neé Friedlein. A Posthumous Inventory Dated 1842 The manuscript collections of the Scientific Library of the PAAS and the PAS in Cracow (manuscript 3906) include an inventory prepared after the death of Emilia Majerowa, neé Friedlein, who died in Cracow in 1842. Her husband was Wojciech, a lawyer, and her brother-in-law was Józef Majer, the president of the Academy of Arts and Sciences. The inventory of movables was drawn up after their owner’s death; their evaluation played an important role in inheritance proceedings. The reliability of such a document is not questionable. Today it provides information about the material culture of the epoch and social class concerned – in this case, a wealthy intellectual house from the times of the Free City of Cracow. The posthumous inventory of Emilia Majerowa’s property is quite large, containing thoroughly described and evaluated home equipment, clothes, jewellery, a large library for the standards of those times, and financial documents. The edition of the inventory was preceded by a preface with facts about the Majer family, as well as information concerning the characteristics of the posthumous inventory as a legal document. The paper ends with a glossary of Old Polish terms that were still used at that time and are a characteristic part of the 19th-century vocabulary.

scholarly journals XIX-wieczne badania ludoznawcze na obszarze Łotwy w świetle korespondencji Stefanii Ulanowskiej do Jana Karłowicza

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 98-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorota Krystyna Rembiszewska
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Historical Archive ◽  
Rich Material ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Village

19th century ethnological research on the territory of Latvia in view of correspondence of Stefania Ulanowska to Jan KarłowiczLetters, which are the basis of the article, are a part of Jan Karlowicz’s (a 19th century ethnographer, lexicographer) heritage kept in the historical archive in Vilnius. They are evidence of correspondence between Jan Karłowicz and Stefania Ulanowska, the author of Łotysze Inflant Polskich, a w szczególności z gminy wielońskiej powiatu rzeżyckiego since October 1889 until January 1890 during Ulanowska’s stay in the village of Wielony, now Viļāni (Latvia).The correspondence is a source of rich material including information about Ulanowska that has not been published so far as well as data of Latgale’s and its inhabitants’ past. Moreover, it is a unique evidence of scientific peregrinations. These letters have their contribution in ethnographic research on the former territory of Poland as they show circumstances and methods of exploration used in the 19th century. At the same time they can be an interesting gloss for research over Latgalian dialects as far as names of material culture are concerned. XIX-wieczne badania ludoznawcze na obszarze Łotwy w świetle korespondencji Stefanii Ulanowskiej do Jana KarłowiczaListy, stanowiące podstawę omówienia, pochodzą ze spuścizny Jana Karłowicza (XIX-wiecznego etnografa, leksykografa) przechowywanej w litewskim archiwum historycznym w Wilnie. Są one świadectwem korespondencji prowadzonej przez Jana Karłowicza i Stefanię Ulanowską – m.in. autorkę Łotyszy Inflant Polskich, a w szczególności z gminy wielońskiej powiatu rzeżyckiego, od października 1889 r. do stycznia 1890 r. podczas pobytu badaczki w miejscowości Wielony, obecnie Viļāni (Łotwa).Korespondencja ta dostarcza dość bogatego materiału, zawierającego informacje dotychczas niedrukowane na temat Ulanowskiej. Przynosi także sporo danych z przeszłości Łatgalii i jej mieszkańców. Poza tym stanowi jednostkowe świadectwo peregrynacji naukowych. Listy te wnoszą wkład do historii badań etnograficznych na terenach dawnej Rzeczpospolitej, unaoczniają okoliczności, metody eksploracji w wieku XIX. Jednocześnie mogą być interesującą glosą do badań nad gwarami łatgalskimi w zakresie nazw kultury materialnej.

ESPAá‡OS DE LEITURA E VENDA DE LIVROS ESCOLARES NA CIDADE DA PARAáBA (1850-1889)

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
CLáUDIA ENGLER CURY
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Public Library ◽  
School Life ◽  
The North ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
The 19Th Century

O artigo tem por objetivo apreender as práticas culturais adotadas no processo de constituição da vida escolar, por meio da circulação de livros e compêndios escolares em espaços de venda e de leitura na cidade da Paraá­ba dos oitocentos. Para tanto, utilizou-se como base teórica as concepções da historiografia acerca da cultura material e, posteriormente, da cultura material escolar na leitura e interpretação do corpus documental. Documentos oficiais e 11 jornais que circularam na prová­ncia no perá­odo foram as fontes principais para o estudo que vem a público. Para a primeira metade do século XIX localizamos apenas um local destinado á  leitura, trata-se da Biblioteca Pública do Liceu, e nenhum espaço de venda. Na segunda metade do século XIX, porém, foi possá­vel perceber uma mudança no que diz respeito aos locais de venda de livros, compêndios e artefatos escolares e aos espaços de leitura na prová­ncia. Identificaram-se ainda contatos interprovinciais e entre a Parahyba do Norte e o Municá­pio da Corte, por meio da recepção de livros vindos das editoras do Rio de Janeiro de outras prová­ncias localizadas na região Norte á  época. Palavras-chave: Jornais. Espaços de leitura. Cultura material escolar.  SCHOOL BOOK SREADING AND SELLING SPACES IN PARAáBA CITY (1850-1889) Abstract: This paper aims to understand the cultural practices in the establishment process of school life through the circulation of books and educational textbooks on selling and reading spaces in the 19th century Paraá­ba City. As theoretical basis the paper uses the historiographical conceptions about material culture and, subsequently, about the school material culture to read and analyze the documental corpus. The main sources for this analysis were official documents and 11 newspapers that circulated in the Northern Paraá­ba province during the period. For the first half of the 19th Century we were able to locate only a single place for the reading, the Liceu”™s Public Library, and no retail place. In 19th century”™s second half, however, we noticed a change in books, textbooks and school artifacts”™ selling and reading spaces in the province. The research identified interprovincial contacts between the Northern Paraá­ba and the Court, with registered reception of books coming from Rio de Janeiro and other provinces”™ publishers located in the North at that time. Keywords: Newspapers. Reading spaces. School material culture.  ESPACIOS DE LECTURA Y VENDA DE LIBROS DIDáCTICOS EN LA CIUDAD DE PARAIBA-BRASIL (1850-1889)Resumen: El artá­culo se propone aprehender las prácticas culturales desarrolladas en el proceso de constitución de vida académica, por medio de la circulación de libros y compendios escolares en espacios de venda y lectura en la ciudad de Paraá­ba. Para eso, se utilizó como fundamento teórico las concepciones de la historiografá­a sobre la cultura material y, posteriormente, de la cultura material académica en la lectura e interpretación del corpus documental. Documentos oficiales y once periódicos que circularon en la provincia durante el periodo fueron las fuentes principales para la presente investigación. Situamos en la primera mitad del siglo XIX, un espacio destinado a la lectura, la Biblioteca Pública de Liceu, sin espacio para ventas. Sin embargo, en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX, no fueron perceptibles los cambios en lo que se refiere a los locales de ventas de libros, compendios y artefactos escolares y en los espacios de lectura en la provincia. Fueron identificados, todavá­a, contactos interprovinciales y entre Paraá­ba do Norte y Municipio da Corte, por medio de recepción de libros originados de editoras de Rio de Janeiro y de otras provincias situadas en la región Norte. Palabras clave: Periódicos. Espacios de lectura.  Cultura material escolar.

scholarly journals On the regulation of family and marriage relations in Uzbekistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
X.D. Tillaxodjaeva
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Official Statistics ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Patriarchal Family ◽  
The Media ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Family And Marriage ◽  
The 19Th Century

This article was prepared on the basis of official statistics and special surveys of families, which were collected and published by the media in Turkestan. In pre-revolutionary Uzbekistan, the principles of family-marriage relations proceeded from the economic relations of the feudal period. Therefore, at this time, the systems of the patriarchal family were characteristic, that is, the dominance of men, the lack of freedom for women, forced marriages, and disregard for the interests and rights of women and children. Today's family customs and traditions have deep historical roots, which were significant precisely at the end of the 19th century on the territory of modern Uzbekistan.

scholarly journals ЕВОЛЮЦІЯ ДИЗАЙНУ ІНТЕР’ЄРУ ОФІСНИХ ПРОСТОРІВ IT-ІНДУСТРІЇ

2020 ◽  
pp. 99-108
Author(s):  
О. В. Полякова ◽  
С. С. Кисіль ◽  
Т. В. Булгакова ◽  
Ю. В. Півницька
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Interior Design ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Design Development ◽  
It Industry ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Open Plan ◽  
The 19Th Century

Identification of trends in the planning organization and interior design of office spaces of the IT-industry, as well as an analysis of their changes over the course of the industry’s development. A study of the office spaces design evolution based on historical-artificial, architectural-planning, functional analysis. The source of the research became scientific and journalistic articles, domestic and foreign design developments of office spaces. We conducted an analysis of studies on the organization of the working environment in the IT-industry companies. It has been established that the “information technologies” include not only modern computer tools for processing and exchanging information, but also more traditional ones – telephone, mail, press, etc. — which became the prerequisite for a broad historical review. As a result of the analysis of historical periods of the office interior design development, the main stages of their formation are determined: the end of the 19th century – traditional office; 1900-30s – open-plan tayloristic office; 1950s – office landscape, 1960s – structural office; 1960-80s – cubes; 2000s – casual office. The advantages and disadvantages of the main historical types of planning solutions for the organization of office space are identified. The concept of the design of modern "mobile offices" in the environment of open-plan office spaces is disclosed. A retrospective review of the working environment of IT-industry specialists has been made. The main trends of the historical stages of the interior design of the IT-industry offices from the end of the 19th century to the present are analyzed and generalized. Practical significance of the study is determined by the expansion and deepening of knowledge about the evolution of IT-industry office interior design and can be used in the practice of designing appropriate environments.

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