scholarly journals Kajian Heritabilitas dan Heterosis pada Persilangan antara Kacang Tunggak dengan Kacang Panjang

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Lestari Ujianto ◽  
NFN Idris ◽  
Uyek M. Yakop
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Hybrid Vigor ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Local Varieties ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
Interspecific Crossing ◽  
F1 Generation

<p>Study of Heritability and Heterosis on Hybridization between Cowpea and Longbean. Lestari Ujianto, Idris, and Uyek M. Yakop. The objectives of this research were to study the success rate of crossing and heritability on interspecific hybridization between several NTB local varieties of cowpea and several varieties of long bean. This research consisted of 3 stages i.e. (1) hybridization between cowpea and long bean; (2) evaluation of F1 generation; (3) backcrossing between F1 with both parents. The observed data is analyzed to estimate the degree of crossability, value of broad sense heritability, coefficient of genetic variance. The result of this research indicated that: (1) interspecific crossing between cowpea NTB local varieties and long bean have different degree of successful with range 31 to 57% as well as on back crossing degree of successful with range 35 to 61%; (2) the characteristic of pod length and plant height indicated the high broad sense heritability value, and (3) there was hybrid vigor for diameter of pods on all cross combinations with heterosis and heterobeltiosis values ranging 11.4-27.0% and10.1-18.9% respectively.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p><strong></strong>Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengkaji tingkat keberhasilan persilangan, pendugaan gejala heterosis dan daya waris sifat pada persilangan antarspesies beberapa varietas kacang tunggak lokal NTB dengan beberapa varietas kacang panjang. Penelitian terdiri atas tiga tahap kegiatan, yaitu (1) persilangan kacang tunggak dan kacang panjang; (2) evaluasi hasil persilangan antara kacang tunggak dan kacang panjang; (3) silang balik antara hasil persilangan yang unggul dengan kedua tetuanya. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis untuk menduga tingkat keberhasilan persilangan, pendugaan nilai heritabilitas arti luas, dan pendugaan koefisien keragaman genetik. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) persilangan antarspesies kacang tunggak varietas lokal NTB dengan kacang panjang memiliki tingkat keberhasilan persilangan yang berbeda berkisar antara 31-57%. Demikian juga untuk silang balik tingkat keberhasilan persilangannya berkisar antara 35-61%; (2) sifat panjang polong dan tinggi tanaman menunjukkan nilai duga heritabilitas arti luas yang tinggi; (3) terdapat vigor hibrida untuk diameter polong pada semua pasangan persilangan dengan nilai heterosis berkisar antara 11,4-27,0% dan nilai heterobeltiosis 10,1-18,9%.</p>

scholarly journals Inheritance of Fruit, Foliar, and Plant Habit Attributes in Capsicum

2008 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 396-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Stommel ◽  
Robert J. Griesbach
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Fruit Color ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Leaf Width ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Plant Habit

Considerable diversity exists in Capsicum L. germplasm for fruit and leaf shape, size, and color as well as plant habit. Using F1, F2, and backcross generations developed from diverse parental stocks, this report describes the inheritance patterns and relationships between unique foliar characters and diverse fruit and plant habit attributes. Our results demonstrate that pepper fruit color, shape, and fruit per cluster were simply inherited with modifying gene action. Broad-sense heritability for fruit color and shape and fruit per cluster was high, whereas narrow-sense heritability for these characters was moderate to low. Although fruit clustering was simply inherited, the number of fruit per cluster exhibited a quantitative mode of inheritance. High fruit counts per cluster were linked with red fruit color and anthocyanin pigmented foliage. Fruit shape was linked with immature fruit color and inherited independently of mature fruit color. Leaf color, length, and plant height were quantitatively inherited. Leaf shape did not vary, but leaf length varied and was positively correlated with leaf width. Broad-sense heritability for leaf characters, including leaf length, leaf width, and leaf color, was high. With the exception of leaf width, which exhibited low narrow-sense heritability, high narrow-sense heritability for leaf characters denoted additive gene action. Plant height displayed high broad-sense heritability. Moderate narrow-sense heritability suggested that additive effects also influence plant height. Analysis of segregating populations demonstrated that red and orange fruit color can be combined with all possible leaf colors from green to black. These results provide new data to clarify and extend available information on the inheritance of Capsicum fruit attributes and provide new information on the genetic control of leaf characters and plant habit.

scholarly journals A Genome-Wide Association Analysis Reveals Epistatic Cancellation of Additive Genetic Variance for Root Length in Arabidopsis thaliana

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Lachowiec ◽  
Xia Shen ◽  
Christine Queitsch ◽  
Örjan Carlborg
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Additive Genetic Variance ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Genome Wide

Efforts to identify loci underlying complex traits generally assume that most genetic variance is additive. Here, we examined the genetics of Arabidopsis thaliana root length and found that the narrow-sense heritability for this trait was statistically zero. This low additive genetic variance likely explains why no associations to root length could be found using standard additive-model-based genome-wide association (GWA) approaches. However, the broad-sense heritability for root length was significantly larger, and we therefore also performed an epistatic GWA analysis to map loci contributing to the epistatic genetic variance. This analysis revealed four interacting pairs involving seven chromosomal loci that passed a standard multiple-testing corrected significance threshold. Explorations of the genotype-phenotype maps for these pairs revealed that the detected epistasis cancelled out the additive genetic variance, explaining why these loci were not detected in the additive GWA analysis. Small population sizes, such as in our experiment, increase the risk of identifying false epistatic interactions due to testing for associations with very large numbers of multi-marker genotypes in few phenotyped individuals. Therefore, we estimated the false-positive risk using a new statistical approach that suggested half of the associated pairs to be true positive associations. Our experimental evaluation of candidate genes within the seven associated loci suggests that this estimate is conservative; we identified functional candidate genes that affected root development in four loci that were part of three of the pairs. In summary, statistical epistatic analyses were found to be indispensable for confirming known, and identifying several new, functional candidate genes for root length using a population of wild-collected A. thaliana accessions. We also illustrated how epistatic cancellation of the additive genetic variance resulted in an insignificant narrow-sense, but significant broad-sense heritability that could be dissected into the contributions of several individual loci using a combination of careful statistical epistatic analyses and functional genetic experiments.

scholarly journals Estimating genetic variability, gene effect, heritability, and genetic advance of yield component agronomic traits: towards the improvement of peanut agronomic traits.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Addisu Getahun
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Seed Length ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Seed Width ◽  
Pod Length

Abstract Background: Peanut is an important oil and legume food crop for human and feed for livestock. Peanut yield association characters like pod and seed traits are the most widely targeted parameter. Peanut yield is a function of growth rate, duration of reproductive growth, and the fraction of crop growth rate which are partitioned toward pod yield. For effective selection, heritability along with genetic advance is more useful than the estimation of only heritability. Methods: The present study field design was laid out using single row and single plot techniques. Pod length, pod width, pod length by width, seed length, seed width, seed length by width yield contributing data were collected both from two parents and 251 RIL populations across two locations in two consecutive cropping seasons (2015/2016 & 2016/2017). Data analysis was computed through SAS ver.9.4 and PBTools ver.1.4. Results: The highest genotypic coefficient of variation was found in pod length (22.47), number of pods per plant (23.66), pod yield per plant (28.43), multiple seedpods per plant (30.44). The highest narrow sense heritability was found in seed length (66%), pod length by width (87%), and pod thickness (93%), meanwhile, the highest broad sense heritability values have been recorded in seed length (99%), seed length by width (99%), number of pods per plant (95%), shelling percentage (94%), pod thickness (93%), thickness of pod shells (92), seed yield per plant (89%), seed thickness (87%), seed width (83%), multiple seedpods per plant (79%), and pod weight per plant (75%). The highest genetic advance as percent of mean values occurred in multiple seedpods per plant (215.44), number of pods per plant (85.28), pod yield per plant (64.90), seed yield per plant (63.49), thickness of pod shells (56.87), pod length by width (36.55), seed length by width (30.98), and seed length (23.26). Conclusions: Additive gene effects were observed in the traits of seed length, seed length by width, pod length, pod width, pod length by width, pod thickness, thickness of pod shells, and multiple seedpods per plant. The highest broad sense heritability values coupled with high genetic gain were estimated in multiple seedpods per plant, number of pods per plant, pod weight plant, seed weight per plant, thickness of pod shells, pod length by width, seed length by width. Therefore, in the present study, use more pod and seed-related traits than the previous findings.

Estimation of genetic variability for seed yield and its components in chickpea (Cicer arientinum L.) genotypes

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aybegün Ton ◽  
Adem Emin Anlarsal
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
100 Seed Weight

The present experiment was conducted to determine magnitude of genetic variability with fifteen kabuli chickpea genotypes in the 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 growing season under Mediterranean climate conditions. In this present study seed yield per plant and yield component were investigated. The experiment was orginazed with three replications in randomized complate blocks design. Data were recorded on plant height, number of branches per plant, height of first podding node, full and total pods number per plant, seeds number per plant, 100-seed weight and seed yield per plant. Analysis of variance for seed yield per plant and its component showed significant differences among all genotypes. Broad-sense heritability ranged from 12.27% (total pod number per plant) to 93.88% (100-seed weight). Moderate and high estimates of broad sense heritability were observed for branches number per plant, harvest index and 100-seed weight. It can be concluded that the seed yield of chickpea can be improved by selecting these characters in breeding chickpea materials.

scholarly journals Estimation of broad-sense heritability and variance components for seed yield and agronomic traits in native and exotic safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) genotypes

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Tahernezhad ◽  
Jalal Saba ◽  
Mehrshad Zeinalabedini ◽  
Seyyed Safid Pourdad ◽  
Mohammad Reza Ghaffari
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Variance Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Physiological Maturity ◽  
Number Of Seeds

This study was conducted to estimate broad-sense heritability and variance components for seed yield and some agronomic traits in 100 safflower genotypes. The experiments were carried out in two years at two locations in Iran. The number of seeds per capitol and harvest index had the highest genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV), respectively. The estimated broad-sense heritability for plant height, days to physiological maturity, 1000-seed weight, days to flowering, number of seeds per capitol, number of capitols per plant and seed yield were 86, 76, 74, 70, 68, 44 and 16%, respectively. It was found that plant height, days to physiological maturity, 1000-seed weight, days to flowering and number of seeds per capitol were the least influenced by the environment. The number of capitols per plant and seed yield were most affected by the environment.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Brassica Juncea Germplasm through heritability estimation and correlation analysis

2017 ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
Fawad Ali ◽  
Bakhat Hussain ◽  
Javed Ali, Mehran Ayoob Tunio
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Heritability Estimation ◽  
The University ◽  
Pod Length

The experimental material was planted at the University of Agriculture, Peshawar to estimate genetic parameters of heritability and correlation for yield traits of indigenous Brassica Juncea genotypes. RCB design with three replications was used to sow 20 Brassica genotypes. Highly significant genetic variations were obtained among studied parameters. Days to half flowering revealed positive associations with primary branches per plant (r= 0.337**). Primary branches per plant was positively correlated with pod length (r= 0.407**), seed per pod (r= 0.418**) seed yield per plant (r= 0.479**). Similarly, pod length showed positive correlation with seed per pod (r= 0.324*) and seed yield per plant (r= 0.331**), while seed per pod was positively correlated with seed yield per plant (r= 0.878**). Highest broad-sense heritability was recorded for seed yield per plant (0.97), while lowest heritability was estimated for primary branches per plant (0.46).

scholarly journals Genetic variance and heritability estimation of hybridized pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.) F2 progeny for begomovirus resistance in growth stage

2022 ◽  
Vol 951 (1) ◽  
pp. 012103
Author(s):  
E Kesumawati ◽  
Sabaruddin ◽  
E Hayati ◽  
N Hadisah ◽  
R Hayati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Stage ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Training Centre ◽  
Tertiary Branch ◽  
Heritability Estimation

Abstract Pepper is widely cultivated as a condiment and cash crop in Indonesia. However, Pepper yellow leaf curl disease (PepYLCD) caused by begomovirus is currently seriously affect the domestic pepper production. Breeding for begomovirus resistance material by crossing is currently necessary to overcome the constraint. The present study is aimed to determine the resistance of pepper (C. annuum) plants F2 progenies to begomovirus infection in the growth stage. Two local C. annuum accessions, BaPep-5 as a resistance donor for pepy-1 begomovirus resistance gene (locally called Perintis) and BaPep-4 as a susceptible parent (locally called Kencana) were crossed to generate F2 progenies. The research was conducted in Agricultural Extension Training Centre (BLPP) Saree and Horticulture Laboratory of Syiah Kuala University from February to July 2020. 500 F2 progenies were transplanted to the field along with 15 plants of each parent as control. The result suggested that plant height and crown width had the highest broad sense heritability value, whereas the dichotomous height, stem diameter, secondary branch, and tertiary branch had the lowest broad sense heritability value. Coefficient of genetic variance and coefficient of phenotypic variance from overall characteristics were relatively low which suggest the narrow sense to slightly narrow sense heritability.

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