scholarly journals Book of Abstracts: 3rd International Congress on Health Sciences and Technology, School of Health Technology, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Nigeria, 8-11 August, 2018

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Evangeline T. Oparaocha ◽  
Precious Okechukwu Eteike
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
International Congress ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Wellness Promotion ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Dental Diseases ◽  
Health And Disease

The International Congress on Health Sciences and Technology is an annual event. In 2017, the second in the series of the congress addressed several challenges in health with the theme “Appropriate Technologies for Health and Disease: An Innovative Approach to Drive Sustainable Healthcare Delivery.” The success of the deliberations opened a new vista of challenge which informed the choice of this year’s theme: “Innovative Technologies for Disease Prevention and Wellness Promotion.” The theme became essential with the hindsight of the ravaging onslaught of preventable diseases like malaria, HIV/AIDS, Diabetes, Heart Blood Pressure, Kidney and Liver diseases, ocular and dental diseases; to mention but a few, against humanity. The discourse on the scientific papers presented by renowned scholars from inside and outside Nigeria revolved around the adaptation of the ancient dictum, “Prevention is better than cure.” It critically examined, discussed, evaluated and proffered solutions to discovering innovative approaches, using new technologies to address the fundamental health problems of developing countries, particularly, Nigeria. Papers delivered at the Congress covered all aspects of public health. With so many people dying of preventable diseases in Nigeria and around the African continent, the immerse benefits of the Congress can rightly be decided. Leaning on very poor resources, Nigeria and the whole of Africa need to tackle health issues at the very primary stage, which hinges on prevention and wellness promotion, and hence the theme. The yearly Congress is a welcomed development which targets the local health needs of communities in Nigeria. We are anxiously looking forward to the fourth in the series which will take place from 7th to 9th of August, 2019. We welcome every willing participant!

We Need to Address the Underlying Ecological Determinants of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Kenyon
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Habitat Destruction ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The probability of zoonoses, such as the novel coronavirus (COVID-19), emerging is strongly related to remediable factors such as habitat encroachment and trade in wild animals. Tackling these underlying determinants is important to prevent future pandemics from the approximately 700,000 viruses with the potential to cause zoonoses. Reversing habitat destruction is also vital to halt the accelerating rate of extinction of a wide array of life forms - with all the adverse consequences these extinctions will have for human health. These insights depend on viewing health and disease from within an ecological theoretical framework. We therefore argue that preventing future zoonotic outbreaks as well as dealing with a range of contemporary health issues would be facilitated by grounding our health sciences in more a more explicitly ecological conceptual framework.

Epidemiology of Technology Use and Mental Health in the United States

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-56
Author(s):  
Seth W. Whiting ◽  
Rani A. Hoff
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Role Playing ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mass Scale ◽  
Online Gambling ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Mental Health Issues

Advancements in technologies and their mass-scale adoption throughout the United States create rapid changes in how people interact with the environment and each other and how they live and work. As technologies become commonplace in society through increased availability and affordability, several problems may emerge, including disparate use among groups, which creates divides in attainment of the beneficial aspects of a technology’s use and coinciding mental health issues. This chapter briefly overviews new technologies and associated emerging applications in information communication technologies, social media networks, video games and massively multiplayer online role-playing games, and online gambling, then examines the prevalence of use among the general population and its subgroups and further discusses potential links between mental health issues associated with each technology and implications of overuse.

scholarly journals Protocol for the avatar acceptability study: a multiperspective cross-sectional study evaluating the acceptability of using patient-derived xenografts to guide personalised cancer care in Australia and New Zealand

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. e024064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire E Wakefield ◽  
Emma L Doolan ◽  
Joanna E Fardell ◽  
Christina Signorelli ◽  
Veronica F Quinn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Cancer Care ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Decisional Balance ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

IntroductionPatient-derived xenografts (PDXs) have the potential to transform personalised cancer care, however, little is known about the acceptability of using PDXs to guide treatment decision-making. Given that patient and community preferences can influence satisfaction with care as well as the success of new technologies, we will evaluate the acceptability of PDXs in individuals affected by cancer and community comparisons.Methods and analysisThis comparative cross-sectional study will recruit 323 individuals affected by cancer (cancer survivors (of childhood or adult cancer) and parents of childhood cancer survivors) and 323 community comparisons (adults and parents). We will collect data via structured interviews and questionnaires. To determine the acceptability of PDXs, we will assess five domains: willingness to use PDXs when/if diagnosed with cancer, perceived advantages and disadvantages of PDXs, maximum acceptable out-of-pocket costs per patient, maximum acceptable turnaround time to receive results and maximum acceptable number of mice sacrificed per patient. The primary endpoint will be participants’ decisional balance ratio (calculated as participants’ advantages ratings divided by perceived disadvantages ratings).Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol has been approved by the South Eastern Sydney Local Health District Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC:12/173) and UNSW Sydney (HC15773). The results will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals and at scientific conferences. A lay summary will be published on the Behavioural Sciences Unit website.

Codesign and implementation of an equity-promoting national health literacy programme for people living with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): a protocol for the application of the Optimising Health Literacy and Access (Ophelia) process

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. e045059
Author(s):  
Melanie Hawkins ◽  
Wayne Massuger ◽  
Christina Cheng ◽  
Roy Batterham ◽  
Gregory T Moore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Literacy Programme ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

IntroductionNon-government organisations (NGOs) often represent people who are underserved or experiencing vulnerability. Crohn’s & Colitis Australia (CCA) is aware that many Australians with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are not reached by current communication and engagement activities. The aim of the CCA IBD project is to implement the Optimising Health Literacy and Access (Ophelia) process over 3 years to collaboratively codesign ways to improve delivery of information, services and resources for people with IBD and their carers.Methods and analysisHealth literacy and other data for phase 1 will be collected using the Health Literacy Questionnaire, eHealth Literacy Questionnaire, IBD-related questions and qualitative interviews with people with IBD and their carers to ascertain their lived experience. Quantitative data will be analysed using descriptive statistics and cluster analysis. Identified clusters will be combined with qualitative data to develop vignettes (narratives of people’s experiences of living with IBD) for stakeholder workshops to generate ideas for useful, accessible and sustainable solutions for identified health literacy needs. Selection and testing of health literacy actions happens in phase 2 and implementation and evaluation in phase 3 (2021–2023). Outcomes of this project include giving voice to people living with IBD, their carers and frontline healthcare practitioners. Genuine codesign informs the development and implementation of what is needed and wanted to improve access to and availability and quality of information and resources that support people to manage their health. There is potential for other NGOs to use the CCA Ophelia model in other health contexts to improve engagement with and understanding of the needs of the people they serve and to reduce health inequalities and improve health outcomes.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval for Ophelia phase 1 has been obtained from the Human Research Ethics Committee of Swinburne University of Technology (Ref: 20202968–4652) and by the South West Sydney Local Health District Research and Ethics Office for the purposes of questionnaire recruitment at Liverpool Hospital (Ref: 20202968–4652). Dissemination of the study findings will be the national codesign process and ownership development across the CCA community and through the genuine engagement of clinicians and relevant managers across Australia. The model and process will be directly distributed to international IBD associations and to other NGOs. It will also be disseminated through publication in a peer-reviewed journal, conference presentations and public reports on the CCA and Swinburne University of Technology website.

Health and disease

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Emerson ◽  
Hussein Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Original Source ◽  
Economic Issues ◽  
International Borders ◽  
Security Challenge ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Disease Epidemics ◽  
Globalized World

More often viewed as a developmental or a humanitarian challenge rather than a security challenge, addressing the vast array of African public health problems has increasingly come to be seen as a critical human security priority. While many have criticized the securitization of health issues, the cross-cutting linkages to other political, social, and economic issues are real and so too are their implications for security. In addition, most health challenges in Africa were previously seen as localized problems threatening only the well-being of specific populations, but in today’s globalized world they can have profound negative implications far beyond the original source of the problem. While some international public health threats, such as disease pandemics, are nothing new the ability of new disease epidemics to transcend international borders and continents at a speed and breadth is heretofore unknown in human history.

Challenges in the analysis of epigenetic biomarkers in clinical samples

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis García-Giménez ◽  
Salvador Mena-Mollá ◽  
Jesús Beltrán-García ◽  
Fabian Sanchis-Gomar
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Gene Methylation ◽  
Disease Biomarkers ◽  
Epigenetic Biomarkers ◽  
Patient Diagnosis ◽  
History Of Disease ◽  
History Of ◽  
Health And Disease

AbstractEpigenetic modifications represent an interesting landscape which can describe relevant features of human disease. Epigenetic biomarkers show several advantages as disease biomarkers because they provide information about gene function, specific endophenotypes and can even incorporate information from the environment and the natural history of disease. The improvement in genomic and epigenomic technologies has revolutionized the current comprehension of biological processes underlying health and disease. However, now is the time to adopt these new technologies to improve human health, thus converting this information into reliable biomarkers. This endeavor should be focused on improving methodologies to analyze gene methylation, histone modifications and microRNAs. Ideally, epigenetic biomarkers should be robust, routine, accurate and inexpensive in order to provide better information for patient diagnosis, prognosis, stratification and treatment monitoring. Here we describe some challenges and provide strategies to improve the adoption of epigenetic biomarkers into clinical routine. Furthermore, we summarize the recommended properties for clinical epigenetic biomarkers.

scholarly journals 5th FIMSA International Congress of Immunology: Translational Immunology in Health and Disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (9) ◽  
pp. 2206-2210
Author(s):  
Narinder Mehra ◽  
Neeraj Kumar ◽  
Jamshed Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
International Congress ◽  
Health And Disease
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