scholarly journals A Black Deer at Black Cave: New Pictograph Radiocarbon Date for the Lower Pecos, Texas

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lennon Bates ◽  
Amanda Castañeda ◽  
Carolyn Boyd ◽  
Karen Steelman
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Rock Art ◽  
Radiocarbon Date ◽  
Plasma Oxidation ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Pecos River ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Lower Pecos

A Pecos River style painting of a black deer from Black Cave Annex (41VV76a) in southwest Texas was radiocarbon dated. Using plasma oxidation and accelerator mass spectrometry, we obtained an age of 1465 ± 40 RCYBP (2 sigma calibrated age range of A.D. 470-660). This age is younger than the accepted age range for Pecos River style paintings, which is approximately 4000-3000 years B.P. This new measurement in association with other younger dates prompts us to question whether the Pecos River style endured for a longer time period than previously thought. More radiocarbon research is needed in order to understand how this anomalous result might fit within the Lower Pecos Canyonlands rock art chronology.

scholarly journals Speech-Breath: Mapping the Multisensory Experience in Pecos River Style Pictography

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Carolyn E. Boyd ◽  
Ashley Busby
Keyword(s):  
Rock Art ◽  
Archaic Period ◽  
Human Origins ◽  
Hunter Gatherers ◽  
The World ◽  
Application Techniques ◽  
Graphic Device ◽  
Pecos River ◽  
Lower Pecos ◽  
Multisensory Experience

Archaic period hunter-gatherers of the Lower Pecos Canyonlands of southwest Texas and Coahuila, Mexico, created complex rock art murals containing elaborately painted anthropomorphic and zoomorphic figures. These figures are frequently portrayed with dots or lines emanating out of or into their open mouths. In this article, we discuss patterns in shape, color, and arrangement of this pictographic element and propose that artists used this graphic device to denote speech, breath, and the soul. They communicated meaning through the image-making process, alternating brushstroke direction to indicate inhalation versus exhalation or using different paint application techniques to reflect measured versus forceful speech. The choices made by artists in the production of the imagery reflect their cosmology and the framework of ideas and beliefs through which they interpreted and interacted with the world. Bridging the iconographic data with ethnohistoric and ethnographic texts from Mesoamerica, we suggest that speech and breath expressed in the rock art of the Lower Pecos was tied to concepts of the soul, creation, and human origins.

scholarly journals Determination of the Radiocarbon Age of Parchment of the Vinland Map

Radiocarbon ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
D J Donahue ◽  
J S Olin ◽  
G Harbottle
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Yale University ◽  
Rare Book ◽  
Radiocarbon Age ◽  
The One ◽  
Age Range

The Vinland Map, drawn on a 27.8 × 41.0 cm parchment bifolium, is housed in the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library at Yale University. In the northwest Atlantic Ocean, it shows “the Island of Vinland, discovered by Bjarni and Leif in company.” Skelton, Marston, and Painter (Skelton et al. 1965, 1995) firmly argued the map's authenticity, associating it with the Council of Basle (AD 1431–1449), that is, half a century before Columbus's voyage. Nevertheless, vigorous scholarly questioning of the map's authenticity has persisted (Washburn 1966; McCrone 1974; Olin and Towe 1976; Cahill et al. 1987; McCrone 1988; Towe 1990). We have determined the precise radiocarbon age of the map's parchment by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). The one-sigma calibrated calendrical date range is AD 1434 ± 11 years: the 95% confidence level age range is AD 1411–1468.

scholarly journals Tree-Ring Dating and AMS Wiggle-Matching of Wooden Statues at Neunggasa Temple in South Korea

Radiocarbon ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 924-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won-Kyu Park ◽  
Yojung Kim ◽  
Ah-Reum Jeong ◽  
Sang-Kyu Kim ◽  
Jung-Ae Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Radiocarbon Date ◽  
Historical Document ◽  
Natural Drying

This paper reports the results of tree-ring dating and accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) wiggle-matching for wooden Buddhist statues stored at the Eungjindang Hall of Neunggasa Temple, South Korea. Among 23 statues, 10 were successfully dated by tree rings. The cutting date of logs used for the statues was determined as some time between late fall 1684 and early spring 1685 when the bark ring (AD 1684) completed latewood formation. The 95.4% confidence interval of a radiocarbon date (cal AD 1688–1713, 2 σ), which was obtained by wiggle-matching 7 samples of a statue, is similar to the dendro-date (AD 1684). A historical document recorded that the statues in the Eungjindang of Neunggasa were dedicated in July 1685. The dendro-date and written record indicate that Eungjindang statues were made within 3–8 months after log cutting. This seems rather short if we consider the period required for natural drying to avoid defects such as cracking and crooking.

Dating Egypt's oldest ‘art’: AMS 14C age determinations of rock varnishes covering petroglyphs at El-Hosh (Upper Egypt)

Antiquity ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (287) ◽  
pp. 68-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Huyge ◽  
A. Watchman ◽  
M. De Dapper ◽  
E. Marchi
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Rock Art ◽  
Nile Valley ◽  
Upper Egypt ◽  
14C Age ◽  
Age Determinations

Direct dating, using the Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) 14C method, indicates that some petroglyphs (rock art) at El-Hosh in Upper Egypt pre-date the early 7th millennium BP (mid 6th millennium cal BC), making it the oldest graphic activity recorded in the Nile Valley.

scholarly journals 14C Dating of the Upper Paleolithic Site at Krems-Wachtberg, Austria

Radiocarbon ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 847-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Einwögerer ◽  
M Händel ◽  
C Neugebauer-Maresch ◽  
U Simon ◽  
P Steier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Upper Paleolithic ◽  
Formation Time ◽  
14C Dating ◽  
Paleolithic Site ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Loess Region ◽  
One Year

In the course of new excavations at the Upper Paleolithic site at Krems-Wachtberg in the loess region near Krems, Lower Austria, a double burial of newborns was discovered in 2005. One year later, a single grave of an infant was excavated nearby. Both graves are associated with the well-preserved living floor of an Upper Paleolithic hunter-gatherer camp with distinct archaeological features and a rich Gravettian find assemblage. Several charcoal samples from different stratigraphic positions were 14C dated with the accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) method at VERA. The 14C ages confirm the archaeological assessment of the site to the Gravettian time period. According to the uncalibrated 14C ages, the formation time of the living floor is ~27.0 14C kyr BP. 14C data of ~28.6 14C kyr BP determined for an archaeological horizon below the living floor indicate that the location may have been used earlier by people in the Middle Upper Paleolithic.

scholarly journals Radiocarbon Dating of Wood Using Different Pretreatment Procedures: Application to the Chronology of Rotoehu Ash, New Zealand

Radiocarbon ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (2A) ◽  
pp. 239-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
G M Santos ◽  
M I Bird ◽  
B Pillans ◽  
L K Fifield ◽  
B V Alloway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Wet Oxidation ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Acid Pretreatment ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Ams Dates

We compare radiocarbon accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) ages of wood samples subjected to a conventional acid-base-acid pretreatment with stepped combustion (ABA-SC) with results from the same samples subjected to an acid-base-wet oxidation pretreatment with stepped combustion (ABOX-SC) and cellulose extraction with stepped combustion (CE-SC). The ABOX-SC procedure has been shown previously to lead to lower backgrounds for old charcoal samples. Analyses of relatively uncontaminated “14C-dead” samples of wood suggest that backgrounds of 0.11 ± 0.04 pMC are obtainable for both the ABOX-SC and ABA-SC procedures. Where wood is significantly contaminated the ABOX-SC technique provides significantly better decontamination than either the ABA-SC technique or cellulose extraction alone, although CE-SC can produce comparably low backgrounds to the ABOX-SC procedure.We also report the application of the ABOX-SC, ABA-SC and CE-SC procedures to wood samples associated with the chronologically controversial Rotoehu Ash eruption, New Zealand. New 14C-AMS dates from wood sampled from below the Rotoehu Ash span an age range of 43–50 ka BP consistent with recently presented OSL dates of 42–44 ka obtained for palaeosols beneath the ash.

scholarly journals A Partial Bison (Bison cf. B. latifrons) Skeleton from Chuchi Lake, and its Implications for the Middle Wisconsinan Environment of Central British Columbia

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Richard Harington ◽  
Alain Plouffe ◽  
Hélène Jetté
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Bison Bison ◽  
Radiocarbon Date ◽  
Open Forest ◽  
Shrub Tundra ◽  
Left And Right

ABSTRACT Fragmentary but massive left and right horncores, found with eight post-cranial bones, from a clay unit underlying a diamicton of the last (Fraser) glaciation at Chuchi Lake, British Columbia probably represents an individual giant bison (Bison cf. B. latifrons). A sample of bone from one of the horncores yielded an accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon date of 30 740 ± 220 BP, whereas overlapping dates from two other laboratories on an associated humerus are 34 800 ± 420 BP and 35 480 ± 1080 BP. Despite the discrepancy between horncore and humerus dates, they are in accord with the suspected stratigraphie age of the clay unit whence they came. Analysis of pollen from that clay unit indicates that bison with massive horns once occupied an open forest in the vicinity. Probably giant bison and Columbian mammoths (incorporating paleoenvironmental evidence found with the nearby, penecontemporaneous Babine Lake mammoth) shared lake-dotted open forest to shrub tundra range in what is now central British Columbia toward the close of the Middle Wisconsinan (Olympia Nonglacial Interval). The Chuchi Lake specimen is important because it is the first indication of giant bison from British Columbia, and it appears to be one of the latest known survivors of this species.

scholarly journals The Antiquity of the Prehistoric Settlement of the Central-South Brazilian Coast

Radiocarbon ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 733-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
T A Lima ◽  
K D Macario ◽  
R M Anjos ◽  
P R S Gomes ◽  
M M Coimbra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Radiocarbon Date ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Unexpected Result ◽  
Southern Coast ◽  
Central South

We discus here the prehistoric settlement of the central-south Brazilian coast, and, more specifically, 1 old radiocarbon date obtained for a costal shellmound, as well as its implications concerning the chronology attributed to the settlement process. The accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) technique was used to determine the 14C age of charcoal from a shellmound on the southern coast of Rio de Janeiro. The resulting age was 7860 ± 80 BP, an unexpected result that reinforces 2 similar previously obtained dates for the same region. Brazilian archaeologists, however, have questioned those 2 dates, because they would predate by some 2000 yr the antiquity consensually accepted for the settlement of the central-south Brazilian littoral.

Response to Comments by Harrison

2015 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 204-205
Author(s):  
Carolyn E. Boyd ◽  
Amanda M. Castañeda ◽  
Charles W. Koenig
Keyword(s):  
Rock Art ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Independent Group ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Microscopic Field ◽  
Pecos River ◽  
Lower Pecos

AbstractIn our article “A Reexamination of Red Linear Style in the Lower Pecos Canyonlands of Texas,” we presented the results of an analysis of 444 Red Linear style pictographs from 12 sites in the region. Using this greatly expanded data set, we produced a list of diagnostic attributes for the style and documented stratigraphie relationships among pictographs through macro- and microscopic field analysis. We identified 38 examples of Red Linear under Pecos River style, a style previously assumed to be older than Red Linear. No Red Linear figures were identified superimposing Pecos River style. These results were verified by an independent group of archaeologists and chemists engaged in the analysis of Lower Pecos rock art. We concluded that Red Linear style is either older than or contemporaneous with Pecos River style. In Harrison’s comments, he argues that our methods were faulty and the data inadequate to support our conclusions. We address a few of Harrison’s critiques in our response; however, a more careful reading of the original article and supplemental materials is advised.

FIRST DIRECTLY DATED ROCK ART IN SOUTHEAST ASIA AND THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS

Radiocarbon ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Andrea Jalandoni ◽  
Marie Grace Pamela G Faylona ◽  
Aila Shaine Sambo ◽  
Mark D Willis ◽  
Caroline Marie Q Lising ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Rock Art ◽  
Human Remains ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
The People

ABSTRACT This paper integrates the first rock art directly dated with radiocarbon (14C) in Southeast Asia with the archaeological activity in the area and with stylistically similar rock art in the region. Peñablanca is a hotspot of archaeological research that includes the oldest dates for human remains in the Philippines. The caves in Peñablanca with known rock art were revisited and only 37.6% of the original recorded figures were found; the others are likely lost to agents of deterioration. A sample was collected from an anthropomorph and accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) dated to 3570–3460 cal BP. The date corresponds to archaeological activity in the area and provides a more holistic view of the people inhabiting the Peñablanca caves at that time. A systematic review was used to find similar black anthropomorph motifs in Southeast Asia to identify potential connections across the region and provide a possible chronological association.

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