scholarly journals BORON. PROPERTIES AND APPLICATION IN NUCLEAR ENERGY

2017 ◽  
pp. 91-94
Author(s):  
V. A. Palekha ◽  
A. A. Getman
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Nuclear Reactors ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Fission Reaction ◽  
Control Rods

Boron is one of the available chemical elements actively influencing the properties of the alloys. The main use of boron is in the alloys of the control rods of nuclear reactors to stop or slow down the fission reaction.

Verification of the stationary module of the ShIPR software system for modelling experiments of the ASTRA HTGR type critical facility

Kerntechnik ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
M. N. Zizin ◽  
V. F. Boyarinov ◽  
V. A. Nevinitsa ◽  
P. A. Fomichenko ◽  
Yu. N. Volkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Nuclear Reactors ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Automatic Generation ◽  
Hydraulic Calculation ◽  
Monte Carlo Code ◽  
Fission Reaction ◽  
Development Environment ◽  
Transient Conditions ◽  
Control Rods

Abstract Coupled neutronic and thermal hydraulic calculation codes are verified for calculating the design of modern and prospective types of nuclear reactors. This verification is done by comparing experimental and calculated results for stationary and transient conditions. This paper presents ShIPR (Shell of Intelligent Package for Reactor) Integrated Development Environment with automatic generation of head programs based on the chain of computational modules. The aim of this study is to find the reason of a discrepancy in the modelling of sub-critical states that was found in previous work. The comparison of ShIPR stationary module with Monte-Carlo code (MCU) and experimental results on ASTRA HTGR critical facility was presented in the paper. To compare the detector readings and MCU calculation with the ShIPR module, the interpolation cross-section procedure was performed. This procedure allows simulating 235U fission reaction rates (detector readings) in the complicate, annular core, using the micro-cross sections prepared by the cell-lattice code. We found that the calculation accuracy of stationary ShIPR module is on an acceptable level but the macro constants for control rods need to be prepared independently, given with surroundings.

scholarly journals Investigation of thermodynamic factors influencing Thorium reactor efficiencies

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 14-31
Author(s):  
Jarrod Glass ◽  
Anthony Burgess ◽  
Takuya Okugawa
Keyword(s):  
Molten Salt ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Nuclear Reactors ◽  
Reactor Core ◽  
Thermodynamic Efficiency ◽  
Power Flux ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Water Reactors

In this meta-study, the major forms of thorium based nuclear reactors were compared using thermodynamic parameters to find which reactor type holds the highest thermodynamic efficiency and hence, determine which reactor would be most beneficial to research further and implement for energy production. Our study found that molten salt reactors had the best thermodynamic efficiency and also runs at one atmospheric pressure, making it safer than conventional water reactors. The findings in this study show molten salt reactors would be the most efficient reactor to replace standard water reactors, which dominate the market in use of nuclear energy production. This study found a strong link between the thermal efficiency of the plant and the pressure and temperature at which it runs. Reactor core volumes also appeared to have a small effect on the efficiencies. Power flux density was calculated for each style of reactor and compared to other parameters but no distinct relationship was found between them. 

Analysis Contour Plots in RELAP/SCDAPSIM/MOD 3.4 and MOD 4.1

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heriberto Sánchez-Mora ◽  
Carlos Chávez-Mercado ◽  
Chris Allison ◽  
Judith Hohorst
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
Severe Accident ◽  
Energy Industry ◽  
Contour Plot ◽  
Input File ◽  
Systems Software ◽  
Contour Plots ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Control Rods

RELAP/SCDAPSIM is a nuclear reactor simulator and accident analysis code that has been used in the nuclear energy industry for many years. Currently, Innovative Systems Software is developing a new tool that will show the behavior of the core components during a simulation of an accident. The addition of contour plots for the SCDAP components showing different properties: temperature, hydrogen production, etc. will allow a better understanding of core behavior during a severe accident in a nuclear reactor. The SCDAP components are fuel rods, electrically heated simulator rods, such as those used in the CORA experiments, control rods, a shroud and a BWR blade/box. This paper describes the progress in the development of the contour plot tool based on the OpenGL and FORTRAN90 libraries. The purpose of this tool is help to the user analyze the simulation of an accident and to debug an input file.

IAEA INPRO Project: A Vision of How to Meet the Opportunities and Challenges of Large-Scale Nuclear Energy Development

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Khoroshev ◽  
F. Depisch ◽  
S. Subbotin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Supply ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Nuclear Reactors ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Energy Development ◽  
International Project ◽  
Fuel Cycles ◽  
Sustainable Energy Supply

The IAEA International Project on Innovative Nuclear Reactors and Fuel Cycles (INPRO) can be considered as the IAEA’s response to the challenges of growing energy demand. INPRO’s activities are intended to help to achieve one of the main objectives of the IAEA — to promote the development and peaceful use of nuclear energy. INPRO applies a carefully developed Methodology to assess Innovative Nuclear Energy Systems (INS) and to define R&D needs and deployment strategies for the development of large-scale regional and global INS. The purpose is to match the opportunities and challenges of sustainable energy supply provided by nuclear energy (NE) to the global balance of demands and resources.

Pseudo-Capacitor Structure for Direct Nuclear Energy Conversion

2008 ◽  
Vol 1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liviu Popa-Simil
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Nuclear Reactors ◽  
Direct Conversion ◽  
Space Applications ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Conversion Efficiencies

AbstractThe advanced space missions need for more power opened the way for advanced nuclear reactors and for alternative power conversion procedures. The most advanced power systems available in space are the fuel cells and nuclear reactors. Both systems manifest low efficiencies for converting the primary energy into electricity and as consequence are requiring high heat dump into space mainly by infrared radiation. The thermo-nuclear power generator also requires a high temperature gas turbine and a mechano-electric generator, finally driving to low conversion efficiencies. The new nano-materials offer the possibility of creating direct energy conversion devices able of achieving high conversion efficiencies up to 99% in the cryogenic versions. The interest for direct conversion of the nuclear energy into electricity appeared in early 1940th, by the invention of the thermo-ionic fission device by Linder. Then a series of patents and scientific papers improved gradually the designs and performances of the devices, up to the actual concepts of beta-voltaic and liquid-electronics. The most intuitive direct conversion device looks mainly like a super mirror- or a heterogeneous super-capacitor. The issues on its operation are related to global conversion efficiencies and the stable operation life-time in high radiation field. There are combinations of nano-structures and actinides assuring both the neutron flux stability, by meeting criticality conditions and the direct conversion or the nuclear energy into electricity. Achieving a high efficiency internal conversion of the nuclear energy into electricity is not enough if it is not completed by a high efficiency power extraction system from the nuclear reactor core into the outside load. The development of the new MEMS devices and micro electronics in the 40 nm technologies provides an excellent background for the production of the electric power harvesting and conversion devices embedded in the fuel. The new nano-structured materials may be produced as radiation energy harvesting tiles that are free of actinides, using them for harvesting the energy of radioactive sources and controlled fusion devices, or may include actinides in their structure achieving critical or sub-critical accelerator driven nuclear reactor assemblies. Another predictable advantage of the nano-structure is the property of self-repairing and self-organizing to compensate the radiation damage and improve the lifetime. Due to direct conversion the power density of the new materials may increase from the actual average of 0.2 kw/cm3 to about 1 kw/mm3 driving to miniaturization of nuclear power sources and reductions of the shield weight. At these dimensions and power densities of few thousands horse power per liter the nuclear power source becomes suitable for mobile applications as powering trains, strategic airplanes, etc. These new developments may drive to the production of high power solid-state compact nuclear battery for space applications, leading to a new development stage.

Comparative Study of Structural Damage Under Irradiation in SiC Nanostructured and Conventional Ceramics

2006 ◽  
Vol 981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yann Leconte ◽  
Isabelle Monnet ◽  
Marc levalois ◽  
Magali Morales ◽  
Xavier Portier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Energy Loss ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Nuclear Reactors ◽  
Grazing Incidence ◽  
New Materials ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Before And After

AbstractIn the context of research on new materials for next generation nuclear reactors, it becomes more and more interesting to know what can be the advantages of nanostructured materials for such applications. In this study, we performed irradiation experiments on microstructured and nanostructured â-SiC samples, with 95 MeV Xe and 4 MeV Au ions. The structure of the samples was characterized before and after irradiation by grazing incidence X ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The results showed the occurrence of a synergy between electronic and nuclear energy loss in both samples with 95 MeV Xe ions, while the nanostructured pellet was found to have a better resistance to the irradiation with 4 MeV Au ions.

Nuclear Power

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-67
Author(s):  
Savannah Fitzwater
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Nuclear Reactors ◽  
Nuclear Technology ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Power Development ◽  
Current State ◽  
Nuclear Power Development ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Advanced Generation

This chapter provides an overview of nuclear power around the world, the fundamentals of nuclear technology, and nuclear energy’s costs and benefits. Nuclear energy accounts for 10.6 percent of energy produced for electricity globally. Although a relatively small percentage of production, it has often been in the spotlight for its great potential, both good and bad. As of 2018, there were 451 operational commercial nuclear reactors globally and many more under construction. This chapter explores some of the key arguments made for and against nuclear energy and examines future areas of nuclear power development, including small modular reactors, advanced Generation IV reactor designs, and the expansion of non-electric applications, in light of the current state of nuclear power.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document