scholarly journals Effect of some induce chemical and biological agents against (Tilletia tritici (Bjerk) and T.laevis (Kühn) causal agents of wheat Common bunt disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-260
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Biological Agents ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Induce Systemic Resistance ◽  
Common Bunt ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Effective Microorganisms ◽  
Tilletia Tritici ◽  
Foliar Treatment

This study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of some chemicals and biological agents to induce systemic resistance (ISR) against to wheat common bunt disease caused by the two species of fungus Tilletia tritici (Bjerk.) Wint (T. caries (Dac.) Tul.) and T. laevis Kuhn (T. foetida (Wall.) Liro. Trails in the efforts to find an alternative, safe and environmentally friendly means to control the disease. Results of this study which carried out during two consecutive seasons for the years 2012 - 2013 and 2013 - 2014 at two different environmental locations. Seed treatment by (SA 100 and 200 mg/L, 500 ?–aminobutyric acid (BABA) and 1000 mg/L, Effective Microorganisms (EM1) 40 and 150 ml/kg seeds) have led to high significant reduction in the percentage of common bunt compared with the control (plants resulting from the seeds contaminated non- treatment), While foliar treatment showed some significant differences, especially in the experiment carried out at the fields of College of Agriculture - Baghdad University compared with experiments carried out in the fields of Faculty of Agricultural Sciences -University of Sulaimania, which did not showed significant differences in most treatments. The treatment with Effective microorganisms was found efficient in reducing the infection rate compared with SA and BABA.

scholarly journals dl-β-Aminobutyric Acid–Induced Resistance of Potato Against Phytophthora infestans Requires Salicylic Acid but Not Oxylipins

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 585-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lennart Eschen-Lippold ◽  
Simone Altmann ◽  
Sabine Rosahl
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Induced Resistance ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Lipoxygenase Pathway ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Functional Analyses ◽  
Late Blight Pathogen

Inducing systemic resistance responses in crop plants is a promising alternative way of disease management. To understand the underlying signaling events leading to induced resistance, functional analyses of plants defective in defined signaling pathway steps are required. We used potato, one of the economically most-important crop plants worldwide, to examine systemic resistance against the devastating late blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans, induced by treatment with dl-β-aminobutyric acid (BABA). Transgenic plants impaired in either the 9-lipoxygenase pathway, which produces defense-related compounds, or the 13-lipoxygenase pathway, which generates jasmonic acid–derived signals, expressed wild-type levels of BABA-induced resistance. Plants incapable of accumulating salicylic acid (SA), on the other hand, failed to mount this type of induced resistance. Consistently, treatment of these plants with the SA analog 2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid restored BABA-induced resistance. Together, these results demonstrate the indispensability of a functional SA pathway for systemic resistance in potato induced by BABA.

scholarly journals Compatible and Incompatible Interactions in Wheat Involving the Bt-10 Gene for Resistance to Tilletia tritici, the Common Bunt Pathogen

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (11) ◽  
pp. 1397-1405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis A. Gaudet ◽  
Zhen-Xiang Lu ◽  
Frances Leggett ◽  
Bryan Puchalski ◽  
André Laroche
Keyword(s):  
Compatible Interaction ◽  
Incompatible Interaction ◽  
Common Bunt ◽  
Tilletia Tritici ◽  
Pathogen Invasion ◽  
Reaction Zones ◽  
The Common ◽  
Wheat Lines ◽  
Compatible Interactions ◽  
Incompatible Interactions

The infection of wheat lines Neepawa (susceptible), and its sib BW553 that is nearly isogenic for the Bt-10 resistance gene by differentially virulent races T1 and T27 of common bunt (Tilletia tritici), was followed for 21 days following seeding (dfs) using fluorescence and confocal microscopy. Spore germination was nonsynchronous and all spore stages including germination were observed 5 to 21 dfs. Initial host perception of pathogen invasion, based on autofluorescence in epidermal cells adjacent to the appressoria, was similar in both compatible and incompatible interactions, and occurred as early as 5 to 6 dfs. The total number of sites on a 1-cm segment of coleoptile adjacent to the seed that exhibited autofluorescence was similar in both the compatible and incompatible interactions and rose to a maximum of 35 to 40 per 1 cm length of coleoptile following 17 dfs, although new infection events were observed as late as 21 dfs. In the compatible interaction, the autofluorescence became more diffuse 10 to 12 dfs, emanating in all directions in association with fungal spread. In the incompatible interaction, autofluorescence remained restricted to a small area surrounding the penetration site. Two different reaction zones that extended further in tissues surrounding the penetration point in the incompatible interaction compared with the compatible interaction were identified. The accumulation of callose around invading fungal hyphae was observed during both the compatible and incompatible interactions from 8 to 21 dfs. While callose accumulation was more extensive and widespread in the incompatible interaction, it was clearly present in compatible interactions, particularly in treatments involving BW553. These results were confirmed by expression of callose synthase transcripts that were more abundant in BW553 than in Neepawa and were upregulated during pathogen infection in both compatible and incompatible interactions.

scholarly journals Modes of action of non-pathogenic strains of Fusarium oxysporum in controlling Fusarium wilts

2002 ◽  
Vol 38 (SI 1 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002) ◽  
pp. 195-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Alabouvette ◽  
Ch. Olivain
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Plant Defence ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Induce Systemic Resistance ◽  
Biocontrol Efficacy ◽  
Modes Of Action ◽  
Defence Reactions ◽  
Chlamydospore Germination ◽  
Fusarium Wilts

Many studies have demonstrated the capacity of non-pathogenic strains of F. oxysporum to control Fusarium diseases.<br />These non-pathogenic strains show several modes of action contributing to their biocontrol capacity. They are able to<br />compete for nutrients in the soil, affecting the rate of chlamydospore germination and the saprophytic growth of the<br />pathogen, diminishing the probability for the pathogen to reach the root surface. They are competing with the pathogen<br />at the root surface for colonization of infection sites, and inside the root where they induce plant defence reactions. By<br />triggering the defence reactions, they induce systemic resistance of the plant. Depending on the strain, and on the plant<br />species, these mechanisms are more or less important, leading to a more or less efficient biocontrol efficacy.

scholarly journals Ectomycorrhizal fungi induce systemic resistance against insects on a nonmycorrhizal plant in a CERK1‐dependent manner

2020 ◽  
Vol 228 (2) ◽  
pp. 728-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kishore Vishwanathan ◽  
Krzysztof Zienkiewicz ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Dennis Janz ◽  
Ivo Feussner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Induce Systemic Resistance

scholarly journals Response of Lithuanian Winter Wheat Advanced Lines to Common Bunt (Tilletia tritici (BJERK.) WINT)

2009 ◽  
Vol 63 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
Vytautas Ruzgas ◽  
Žilvinas Liatukas
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Common Bunt ◽  
Infection Level ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Tilletia Tritici ◽  
Resistance Sources ◽  
Resistant Lines ◽  
High Infection ◽  
Very High

Response of Lithuanian Winter Wheat Advanced Lines to Common Bunt (Tilletia tritici (BJERK.) WINT) The study was carried out at the Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture in an artificially inoculated nursery during 2006-2007. Resistance to common bunt in 2006 was tested for 71, in 2007 for 118 breeding lines of Lithuanian winter wheat from the competitive trial nursery. Additionally, 148 promising lines were selected and tested from the check nursery, which possessed some resistance in their pedigree ancestors. The average disease incidence in 2006 and 2007 was 80.9 and 63.5%, respectively. The very high infection level highlighted the genotypes with the most effective resistance under conditions highly favourable for common bunt. There were no lines without infected ears. Among the 29 breeding lines tested in the two years, two lines Bill/Aspirant and Dream/Lut.9329 were infected the least, 17.2% and 1.9% in 2006 and 18.5% and 7.8% in 2007, respectively. Most of the breeding lines were highly susceptible. Lines with disease incidence over 50% accounted for over 90% in 2006 and 80% in 2007 of the total lines tested. The most resistant lines had in their pedigrees the following resistance sources: genotypes Bill, Lut.9329, Strumok, Lut.9313, Lut.9358, Tommi as well as Dream, Haldor, 91002G2.1, 96/101, Bezenchiukskaya380.

Resistance genes and sources for the control of wheat common bunt (Tilletia tritici (DC.) Tul.)

Biologija ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 274-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Žilvinas Liatukas ◽  
Vytautas Ruzgas
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Common Bunt ◽  
Tilletia Tritici
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