scholarly journals Molecular Identification of Rhizosphere Trichoderma spp. and Their Antagonistic Impact Against Some Plant Pathogenic Fungi

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-65
Author(s):  
Safaa Al-qaysi ◽  
◽  
Adel Alwan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Trichoderma Spp

scholarly journals Inhibition of plant pathogenic fungi by endophytic Trichoderma spp. through mycoparasitism and volatile organic compounds

2021 ◽  
Vol 242 ◽  
pp. 126595
Author(s):  
P. Rajani ◽  
C. Rajasekaran ◽  
M.M. Vasanthakumari ◽  
Shannon B. Olsson ◽  
G. Ravikanth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Volatile Organic

scholarly journals Molecular Phylogeny of Endophytic Fungi from Rattan (Calamus castaneus Griff.) Spines and Their Antagonistic Activities against Plant Pathogenic Fungi

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 301
Author(s):  
Nurul Farizah Azuddin ◽  
Masratul Hawa Mohd ◽  
Nik Fadzly N. Rosely ◽  
Asyraf Mansor ◽  
Latiffah Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Palm Species ◽  
Rattan Palm

Calamus castaneus is a common rattan palm species in the tropical forests of Peninsular Malaysia and is noticeable by the yellow-based spines that cover the stems. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of fungal endophytes within C. castaneus spines and whether they inhibit the growth of fungal pathogens. Twenty-one genera with 40 species of fungal endophytes were isolated and identified from rattan palm spines. Based on molecular identification, the most common isolates recovered from the spines were Colletotrichum (n = 19) and Diaporthe spp. (n = 18), followed by Phyllosticta spp., Xylaria sp., Trichoderma spp., Helminthosporium spp., Penicillium spp., Fusarium spp., Neopestalotiopsis spp., Arthrinium sp., Cyphellophora sp., Cladosporium spp., Curvularia sp., Bionectria sp., and Acremonium spp. Non-sporulating fungi were also identified, namely Nemania primolutea, Pidoplitchkoviella terricola, Muyocopron laterale, Acrocalymma fici, Acrocalymma medicaginis, and Endomelanconiopsis endophytica. The isolation of these endophytes showed that the spines harbor endophytic fungi. Most of the fungal endophytes inhibited the growth of several plant pathogenic fungi, with 68% of the interactions resulting in mutual inhibition, producing a clear inhibition zone of <2 mm. Our findings demonstrate the potential of the fungal endophytes from C. castaneus spines as biocontrol agents.

scholarly journals Antifungal potential of crude extracts of Trichoderma spp.

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eder Marques ◽  
Irene Martins ◽  
Sueli Correa Marques de Mello
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Volatile Metabolites ◽  
Antibiotic Effect

Abstract Antibiosis is the mechanism by which certain microorganisms respond to the presence of others, secreting compounds or metabolites capable of inhibiting or impeding their development. The crude extract of Trichoderma contains a mixture of secondary compounds, which may show antibiotic effect, and has been used for the prospect of this fungus for biological control and other industrial purposes. Faced with the increasing demand of agriculture for ecologically compatible alternatives for the management of diseases, this work aimed to investigate the spectrum of action of Non-Volatile Metabolites (NVMs) of Trichoderma isolates against different plant pathogenic fungi. The antagonistic potential of NVMs was evaluated through the incorporation method of the filtered liquid extract in PDA medium. The assays showed that all the NVMs produced inhibited the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum similarly. On the other hand, strains CEN1245 and CEN1274, both belonging to the species Trichoderma brevicompactum, showed broad spectrum against Sclerotium rolfsii, Colletotrichum gloesporioides, Verticillium dahliae, Fusarium oxysporum and Cylindrocladium sp. The present study describes isolates producing non-volatile metabolites with broad spectrum of antifungal action, as well as pathogen-specific. The Trichoderma spp. NVMs obtained from different soil samples cultivated with vegetables, cassava and maize were efficient in inhibiting plant pathogenic fungi belonging to other patossystems, such as forest or fruit, which could increase their potential application in biological control of plant diseases. In addition, these antagonistic fungi should be studied in greater depth for the identification of bioactive molecules of industrial interest or in commercial formulations of products for biological control of plant pathogens.

Fungal Phytotoxins in Sustainable Weed Management

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Vurro ◽  
Angela Boari ◽  
Francesca Casella ◽  
Maria Chiara Zonno
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Disease Etiology ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Toxic Metabolites

Fungal phytotoxins are natural secondary metabolites produced by plant pathogenic fungi during host–pathogen interactions. They have received considerable particular attention for elucidating disease etiology, and consequently to design strategies for disease control. Due to wide differences in their chemical structures, these toxic metabolites have different ecological and environmental roles and mechanisms of action. This review aims at summarizing the studies on the possible use of these metabolites as tools in biological and integrated weed management, e.g. as: novel and environmentally friendly herbicides; lead for novel compounds; sources of novel mechanisms of action. Moreover, the limiting factors for utilizing those metabolites in practice will also be briefly discussed.

First record of Pestalotiopsis spp. from affected leaves of mastic shrubs (Pestacia lentiscus L.) in northeastern of Libya.

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (08) ◽  
pp. 4744
Author(s):  
Zahra Ibrahim El-Gali
Keyword(s):  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
First Record ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Pistacia Lentiscus ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Al Jabal Al Akhdar ◽  
First Time

This study was carried out to identify the unknown different symptoms and their causes as plant pathogenic fungi from Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar District. Plant materials with fungal signs and symptoms were collected and examined. The main fungi consistently isolated from symptomatic leaves and twigs were Pestalotiopsis spp. Morphology, colony characteristics, and pathogenicity of the isolates were examined. My report the occurrence of Pestalotiopsis spp. on leaves of mastic (Pistacia lentiscus) for the first time in Libya.

scholarly journals Functional analysis of the conserved transcriptional regulator CfWor1 inCladosporium fulvumreveals diverse roles in the virulence of plant pathogenic fungi

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bilal Ökmen ◽  
Jérôme Collemare ◽  
Scott Griffiths ◽  
Ate van der Burgt ◽  
Russell Cox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Transcriptional Regulator ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi
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