The Pre-Pan-African rifting of Saghro (Anti-Atlas, Morocco): example of the middle Neoproterozoic Basin of Boumalne

2002 ◽  
Vol 173 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelilah Fekkak ◽  
André Pouclet ◽  
Lakhlifi Badra

Abstract In the Anti-Atlas, the Boumalne basin includes 3,000 m of Middle Neoproterozoic sediments. It consists of turbiditic deposits folded during the major Pan-African event ca 685 Ma. A syn-sedimentary basaltic pile of lava flows is interbedded in the upper part of the lower formation. These lavas show an initial rift tholeiite (IRT) chemical signature. Petrographical analysis of sediments and typology of detrital zircons indicate a continental margin sedimentation, without any volcano-sedimentary supply from a close volcanic arc. It is concluded that the Boumalne Basin formed in a continental passive margin evolving from an intracontinental rift. This interpretation differs clearly from that of a back-arc basin which is commonly accepted. Hence, the opening of this basin is related to the pre-Pan-African Saghro rift synchronous to the Central Anti-Atlas oceanization, and not to the demise of this oceanic domain along an active margin.


2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie R. Fyffe

Recently gathered stratigraphic and U–Pb geochronological data indicate that the pre-Triassic rocks of the Grand Manan Terrane on the eastern side of Grand Manan Island can be divided into: (1) Middle Neoproterozoic (late Cryogenian) quartzose and carbonate sedimentary sequences (The Thoroughfare and Kent Island formations); (2) a Late Neoproterozoic (early Ediacaran) volcanic-arc sequence (Ingalls Head Formation); and (3) Late Neoproterozioc (mid- Ediacaran) to earliest Cambrian (early Terreneuvian) sedimentary and volcanic-arc sequences (Great Duck Island, Flagg Cove, Ross Island, North Head, Priest Cove, and Long Pond Bay formations). A comparison to Precambrian terranes on the New Brunswick mainland (Brookville and New River terranes) and in adjacent Maine (Islesboro Terrane) suggests that the sedimentary and volcanic sequences of the Grand Manan Terrane were deposited on the continental margin of a Precambrian ocean basin that opened during the breakup of Rodinia in the Middle Neoproterozoic (Cryogenian) and closed by the Early Cambrian (Terreneuvian) with the final assembling of Gondwana. Rifting associated with the initial opening of the Paleozoic Iapetus Ocean began in the Late Neoproterozoic (late Ediacaran) and so overlapped in time with the closing of the Precambrian Gondwanan ocean. The southeastern margin of the Iapetus Ocean is defined by thick sequences of quartz-rich Cambrian sediments (within the St. Croix and Miramichi terranes of New Brunswick) that were largely derived from recycling of Precambrian passive-margin sedimentary rocks preserved in the Grand Manan and Brookville terranes of New Brunswick and in the Islesboro Terrane of Maine. These Precambrian terranes are interpreted to represent dextrally displaced basement remnants of the Gondwanan continental margin of Iapetus, consistent with the model of a two-sided Appalachian system proposed by Hank Williams in 1964 based on his work in Newfoundland.SOMMAIREDes données stratigraphiques et géochronologiques U–Pb obtenues récemment indiquent que les roches prétriasiques du terrane de Grand Manan du côté est de l’île Grand Manan peuvent être répartis en: 1) séquences sédimentaires quartzeuses et carbonatées du Néoprotérozoïque moyen (Cryogénien tardif) (formations de Thoroughfare et de Kent Island); 2) séquence d’arc volcanique du Néoprotérozoïque tardif (Édiacarien précoce) (formation d’Ingalls Head); 3) séquences sédimentaires et d’arc volcanique du Néoprotérozoïque tardif (milieu de l’Édiacarien) au tout début du Cambrien (Terreneuvien précoce) (formations de Great Duck Island, Flagg Cove, Ross Island, North Head, Priest Cove et Long Pond Bay). Une comparaison avec des terranes du Précambrien dans la partie continentale du Nouveau-Brunswick (terranes de Brookville et New River) et dans le Maine adjacent (terrane d’Islesboro) semble indiquer que les séquences sédimentaires et volcaniques du terrane de Grand Manan se sont déposées sur la marge continentale d’un bassin océanique précambrien qui s’est ouvert durant la fracturation de la Rodinia au Néoprotérozoïque moyen (Cryogénien) et s’est fermé au Cambrien précoce (Terreneuvien) avec l’assemblage final du Gondwana. La distension continentale associée à l’ouverture initiale de l’océan Iapetus au Paléozoïque a commencé au Néoprotérozoïque tardif (Édiacarien tardif) et a donc partiellement coïncidé avec la fermeture de l’océan précambrien du Gondwana. La marge sud-est de l’océan Iapetus est définie par d’épaisses séquences de sédiments cambriens riches en quartz (dans les terranes de St. Croix et de Miramichi du Nouveau-Brunswick) issus en grande partie du recyclage de roches sédimentaires de la marge continentale passive du Précambrien préservées dans les terranes de Grand Manan et de Brookville au Nouveau-Brunswick et dans le terrane d’Islesboro dans le Maine. Ces terranes précambriens sont interprétés comme la représentation de vestiges, ayant subi un déplacement dextre, du socle de la marge continentale gondwanienne de l’océan Iapetus, ce qui concorde avec le modèle d’un système appalachien à deux côtés proposé par Hank Williams en 1964 sur la base de ses travaux à Terre-Neuve. 



1997 ◽  
Vol 134 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. BRENDAN MURPHY ◽  
J. DUNCAN KEPPIE ◽  
DON DAVIS ◽  
TOM E. KROGH

Gondwanan Neoproterozoic tectonothermal events (Pan-African and Brasiliano) are represented in northern mainland of Nova Scotia by volcanic and sedimentary rocks assigned to the Jeffers and Georgeville groups and by gabbroic to granitoid plutons. These rocks comprise part of Avalonia, an exotic terrane in the Appalachian orogen that was deposited in an arc-related environment along the periphery of Gondwana prior to accretion to Laurentia. Lavas sampled in the basal units of the Jeffers and Georgeville groups yielded slightly discordant U–Pb zircon and monazite data that fall on chords with upper intercept ages of 628 Ma and 617.7±1.6 Ma, respectively. Syntectonic to late syntectonic plutons intruded into these groups yielded U–Pb zircon ages of 606.6±1.6 Ma and 603+9−5 Ma. The former intrusion also yielded a concordant titanite age of 607±3 Ma. When combined with previously published ages, these data indicate that the back-arc deposition recorded in these groups lasted 10–15 million years (628–613 Ma) and was closely followed by c. 613–595 Ma metamorphism, intrusion and heterogeneous strike-slip related deformation. Assuming no significant shuffling of fault blocks, the relative locations of the Cobequid–Antigonish back-arc basin and the southern Cape Breton Island volcanic arc are consistent with their genesis above a north-west-dipping subduction zone. The age range of arc-related magmatism in Nova Scotia is similar to that of Avalonian rocks in southeastern Newfoundland and Britain, lending support to hypotheses of Neoproterozoic linkages.



Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 291
Author(s):  
Andrei V. Prokopiev ◽  
Victoria B. Ershova ◽  
Daniel F. Stockli

We performed U-Pb dating of detrital zircons collected from Middle–Upper Jurassic strata of the Sugoi synclinorium and Cretaceous rocks of the Omsukchan (Balygychan-Sugoi) basin, in order to identify their provenance and correlate Jurassic–Cretaceous sedimentation of the south-eastern Verkhoyansk-Kolyma orogenic belt with various magmatic belts of the north-east Asia active margins. In the Middle–Late Jurassic, the Uda-Murgal magmatic arc represented the main source area of clastics, suggesting that the Sugoi basin is a back-arc basin. A major shift in the provenance signature occurred during the Aptian, when granitoids of the Main (Kolyma) batholith belt, along with volcanic rocks of the Uyandina-Yasachnaya and Uda-Murgal arcs, became the main sources of clastics deposited in the Omsukchan basin. In a final Mesozoic provenance shift, granitoids of the Main (Kolyma) batholith belt, along with volcanic and plutonic rocks of the Uyandina-Yasachnaya and Okhotsk-Chukotka arcs, became the dominant sources for clastics in the Omsukchan basin in the latest Cretaceous. A broader comparison of detrital zircon age distributions in Jurassic–Cretaceous deposits across the south-eastern Verkhoyansk-Kolyma orogen illustrates that the Sugoi and Omsukchan basins did not form along the distal eastern portion of the Verkhoyansk passive margin, but in the Late Mesozoic back-arc basins.



Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Richard Spikings ◽  
Roelant Van der Lelij

Isotopic and geochemical data delineate passive margin, rift and active margin cycles in northwestern South America since ~623 Ma, spanning from the Iapetus Wilson Cycle. Ultramafic and mafic rocks record rifting associated with the formation of the Iapetus Ocean during 623–531 Ma, while the initiation of subduction of the Iapetus and Rheic oceans is recorded by continental arc plutons that formed during 499–414 Ma, with alternating compressive and extensional stages. Muscovite 40Ar/39Ar dates suggest there may have been a phase of Carboniferous metamorphism, although this remains tentative. A Passive margin was modified by active margin magmatism that started at ~294 Ma and culminated with collisional tectonics that signaled the final stages of the amalgamation of western Pangaea. Early Pangaea fragmentation included back-arc rifting during 245–216 Ma, leading to a Pacific active margin that spanned from 213–115 Ma. Trench retreat accelerated during 144–115 Ma, forming a highly attenuated continental margin prior to the collision of the Caribbean Large Igneous Province at ~75 Ma.



2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dia Ninkabou ◽  
Philippe Agard ◽  
Charlotte Nielsen ◽  
Jeroen Smit ◽  
Bilal Haq ◽  
...  

<p>The offshore north Oman margin, located north of the Hajar Mountains in the Gulf of Oman,<br>remains a key area for understanding the evolution of the obduction Emails Ophiolite. With the<br>help of a grid of 2D-multichannel seismic lines linked to well data, we present a new view of<br>the obduction and post-obduction history of the Oman margin. Offshore deposits, overlying on<br>what we interpret as being the offshore extension of the ophiolites, can be divided into two<br>mega-sequences. The older one is comprised of late Cretaceous to Paleogene deposits mainly<br>located in the Sohar basin and offshore of the Abat trough. In the Sohar basin, the latest stages<br>of obduction are recorded by the deposition of the erosional products of the Autochthonous<br>Arabian sediments and the ophiolite, in a flexural basin induced by a volcanic high. Offshore<br>of the Abat trough, a Maastrichtian-Paleocene basin develops above a detachment fault<br>system linked to the extension phase associated to the exhumation/expulsion of the subducted<br>continental margin. Both sectors are divided by a structured high located offshore of the Semail<br>Gap transfer fault. We propose that this transfer fault, likely a major Pan-African structure,<br>impacted both the architecture of the passive margin following the rifting of the Neotethys and<br>later ophiolite emplacement, during (continental) subduction and obduction.</p>



2000 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 1691-1710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Valverde-Vaquero ◽  
Greg R Dunning ◽  
Cees R van Staal

The igneous protoliths of the Margaree orthogneiss intruded the peri-Gondwanan rocks of the Port-aux-Basques Complex, in the southwestern corner of the Hermitage Flexure, prior to regional deformation and metamorphism. Field relationships and U–Pb geochronology indicate that the Margaree orthogneiss represents a 20 km long, mafic-felsic intrusive complex formed by amphibolite, dioritic orthogneiss, 474+14-4 Ma hornblende-bearing tonalitic orthogneiss with mafic enclaves, 472 ± 2.5 Ma and 465 ± 3 Ma biotite-bearing granitic orthogneiss, and minor ultramafic rocks. Most amphibolite have the chemistry of volcanic-arc tholeiite and are interpreted to be coeval with the intrusion of tonalitic and granitic magma with volcanic-arc geochemical signatures. Locally, mafic magmatism continued after the intrusion of the 465 Ma granite. The Margaree orthogneiss and its country rock were overprinted by upper amphibolite-facies metamorphism and deformation associated with the final closure of the Iapetus Ocean. A late-synkinematic granite dates the late stages of the high-temperature regional deformation at 417+7-4 Ma, while metamorphic titanite (411 ± 2 Ma) is interpreted to date extensive recrystallization under amphibolite-facies conditions as Early Devonian. The Margaree orthogneiss is broadly coeval with the plutons that postdate the Early Ordovician Penobscottian arc – passive margin imbrication in central and southern Newfoundland. It also coincides with the extensive late Arenig – early Llanvirn back-arc rifting event along the entire peri-Gondwanan margin of the northern Appalachians. The external position of the Port-aux-Basques Complex with respect to the back-arc elements in the Hermitage Flexure, coupled with the rock types and geochemistry of the orthogneiss, suggest formation of the Margaree orthogneiss in an arc and (or) back-arc transitional setting.





2010 ◽  
Vol 119 (6) ◽  
pp. 803-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. K. Ajay ◽  
A. K. Chaubey ◽  
K. S. Krishna ◽  
D. Gopala Rao ◽  
D. Sar


1988 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Shanmugam ◽  
R.J. Moiola ◽  
J.G. McPherson ◽  
S. O'Connell


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document