Comparison of turbidite facies associations in modern passive-margin Mississippi fan with ancient active-margin fans

1988 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Shanmugam ◽  
R.J. Moiola ◽  
J.G. McPherson ◽  
S. O'Connell
Keyword(s):  
Passive Margin ◽  
Active Margin ◽  
Facies Associations

scholarly journals A two-dimensional model of the methane cycle in a sedimentary accretionary wedge

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 3323-3336 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Archer ◽  
B. A. Buffett
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Passive Margin ◽  
Model Description ◽  
Accretionary Wedge ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Methane Cycle ◽  
Active Margin ◽  
Two Dimensional Model ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. A two-dimensional model of sediment column geophysics and geochemistry has been adapted to the problem of an accretionary wedge formation, patterned after the margin of the Juan de Fuca plate as it subducts under the North American plate. Much of the model description is given in a companion paper about the application of the model to an idealized passive margin setting; here we build on that formulation to simulate the impact of the sediment deformation, as it approaches the subduction zone, on the methane cycle. The active margin configuration of the model shares sensitivities with the passive margin configuration, in that sensitivities to organic carbon deposition and respiration kinetics, and to vertical bubble transport and redissolution in the sediment, are stronger than the sensitivity to ocean temperature. The active margin simulation shows a complex sensitivity of hydrate inventory to plate subduction velocity, with results depending strongly on the geothermal heat flux. In low heat-flux conditions, the model produces a larger inventory of hydrate per meter of coastline in the passive margin than active margin configurations. However, the local hydrate concentrations, as pore volume saturation, are higher in the active setting than in the passive, as generally observed in the field.

Neoproterozoic slope deposits, Mackenzie Mountains, northwestern Canada: implications for passive-margin development and Ediacaran faunal ecology

2000 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 997-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert B MacNaughton ◽  
Guy M Narbonne ◽  
Robert W Dalrymple
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Relaxation ◽  
Passive Margin ◽  
Sequence Stratigraphic ◽  
Facies Associations ◽  
Windermere Supergroup ◽  
Sea Level Oscillations ◽  
Relative Inability ◽  
Sequence Boundaries ◽  
Major Sequence ◽  
Water Facies

The youngest formations of the Neoproterozoic Windermere Supergroup in northwestern Canada (Gametrail, Blueflower, and Risky formations) record the transition from slope to shelf deposition on a prograding passive margin. Eleven facies associations are recognized, representing environments ranging from carbonate- and siliciclastic-dominated continental slope to open carbonate shelf and siliciclastic shoreface. Seven simple sequences are recognized, which can be grouped into three composite sequences. Combination of the data presented here with previous work on underlying and overlying formations indicates that the sequence-stratigraphic record is least detailed in the deepest-water facies and most detailed in shelf facies, reflecting the relative inability of high-frequency relative sea-level oscillations to affect deposition in deep-water settings. Falling-stage deposits are especially common in the upper slope region. Several major sequence boundaries (unconformities) are clustered in the interval a short distance below the Precambrian-Cambrian boundary. The most significant of these occurs high in the Blueflower Formation, not at the top of the Risky Formation as commonly inferred. This interval containing several surfaces may reflect thermal uplift related to the rifting recorded in rocks of this age in the southern Canadian Cordillera. Renewed subsidence (thermal relaxation) commenced just prior to the Neoproterozoic-Cambrian boundary, giving rise to a thick succession of shelf to nonmarine basal-Cambrian deposits. Ediacaran body fossils previously reported from the studied units occur in a range of slope to shoreface environments, including some facies that were deposited below the photic zone. The most common taxa occur across a spectrum of facies and were apparently ecological generalists.

scholarly journals Neoproterozoic-paleozoic evolution of the Drina formation (Drina-Ivanjica entity)

2018 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darko Spahic ◽  
Bojan Glavas-Trbic ◽  
Slavica Djajic ◽  
Tivadar Gaudenyi
Keyword(s):  
Lower Devonian ◽  
Amphibolite Facies ◽  
Passive Margin ◽  
Early Paleozoic ◽  
Active Margin ◽  
Lower Paleozoic ◽  
Margin Setting ◽  
Felsic Volcanism

This paper addresses a Drina-Ivanjica basement member, Drina Formation, characterized by ? controversial Neoproterozoic to Carboniferous age. The Drina Formation is also informally referred to as the ?Lower Drina Formation? and the ?Upper Drina Formation? including the Golija Formation as a conditional analog unit of the latter. A review of the biostratigraphic, sedimentary and paleogeographic constraints identified Drina Formation (Inner Dinarides) as a migrated crustal segment derived from a marginal section of northern Gondwana, being, however, of Neoproterozoic-Early Paleozoic age. The presence of arenites, pelites, conglomerates, scarce limestones, basic (sub)volcanics and tuffs of the volcano-sedimentary Drina Formation metamorphosed up to greenschist and locally up to amphibolite facies, coupled with the absence of felsic volcanism implies a passive margin setting. Considering the age, such environment was probably associated with the perplexed Lower Paleozoic Avalonian-Cadomian arc, situated along the former north Gondwanan active margin. More precisely, the Drina Formation originated from a depositional junction between the Gondwana sediment supplier (Sahara metacraton) and Cadomian arc. A comparison with the regional Early Paleozoic succession of the ?Kucaj Unit? (eastern Serbia) yields the absence of typical anchimetamorphic Silurian to Lower Devonian deep-marine fossil-bearing succession. The volcano-sedimentary passive margin system of Drina Formation is overlain by a late Variscan convergencerelated voluminous clastic sequence allocated as the Golija Formation.

scholarly journals A two-dimensional model of the methane cycle in a sedimentary accretionary wedge

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 2967-3002 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Archer ◽  
B. A. Buffett
Keyword(s):  
Companion Paper ◽  
Passive Margin ◽  
North American Plate ◽  
Model Description ◽  
Accretionary Wedge ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Methane Cycle ◽  
Active Margin ◽  
Two Dimensional Model

Abstract. A two-dimensional model of sediment column geophysics and geochemistry has been adapted to the problem of an accretionary wedge formation, patterned after the margin of the Juan de Fuca plate as it subducts under the North American plate. Much of the model description was given in a companion paper about application of the model to a passive margin setting; here we build on that formulation to simulate the deformation of the sediment wedge as it approaches the subduction zone. The active margin configuration of the model shares sensitivities with the passive margin configuration, in that sensitivities to organic carbon deposition and respiration kinetics, and to vertical bubble transport and redissolution in the sediment, are stronger than the sensitivity to ocean temperature. The active margin simulation also shows a sensitivity to plate subduction velocity, with higher plate velocities producing less hydrate per meter of coastline than slower velocities or the passive margin configuration. However, the local hydrate concentrations, as pore volume saturation, are higher in the active setting than the passive, as generally observed in the field.

Cretaceous Oceanic Red Beds (CORBs) in the Austrian Eastern Alps: Passive-Margin vs. Active-Margin Depositional Settings

2009 ◽  
pp. 73-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL WAGREICH ◽  
STEFANIE NEUHUBER ◽  
HANS EGGER ◽  
INES WENDLER ◽  
ROBERT SCOTT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Alps ◽  
Passive Margin ◽  
Red Beds ◽  
Active Margin ◽  
Depositional Settings

Tectonic and geomorphic controls on the distribution of submarine landslides across active and passive margins, eastern New Zealand

2019 ◽  
Vol 500 (1) ◽  
pp. 477-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Watson ◽  
J. J. Mountjoy ◽  
G. J. Crutchley
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Slope Failure ◽  
Submarine Landslide ◽  
Passive Margin ◽  
Continental Margins ◽  
Submarine Landslides ◽  
Mass Wasting ◽  
Active Margin ◽  
Passive Margins ◽  
Marine Habitats

AbstractSubmarine landslides occur on continental margins globally and can have devastating consequences for marine habitats, offshore infrastructure and coastal communities due to potential tsunamigenesis. Therefore, understanding landslide magnitude and distribution is central to marine and coastal hazard planning.We present the first submarine landslide database for the eastern margin of New Zealand comprising >2200 landslides occurring in water depths from c. 300–4000 m. Landslides are more prevalent and, on average, larger on the active margin compared with the passive margin. We attribute higher concentrations of landslides on the active margin to tectonic processes including uplift and oversteepening, faulting and seamount subduction. Submarine landslide scars are concentrated around canyon systems and close to canyon thalwegs. This suggests that not only does mass wasting play a major role in canyon evolution, but also that canyon-forming processes may provide preconditioning factors for slope failure.Results of this study offer unique insights into the spatial distribution, magnitude and morphology of submarine landslides across different geological settings, providing a better understanding of the causative factors for mass wasting in New Zealand and around the world.

The Pre-Pan-African rifting of Saghro (Anti-Atlas, Morocco): example of the middle Neoproterozoic Basin of Boumalne

2002 ◽  
Vol 173 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelilah Fekkak ◽  
André Pouclet ◽  
Lakhlifi Badra
Keyword(s):  
Continental Margin ◽  
Detrital Zircons ◽  
Passive Margin ◽  
Lava Flows ◽  
Active Margin ◽  
Volcanic Arc ◽  
Chemical Signature ◽  
Pan African ◽  
Back Arc ◽  
Oceanic Domain

Abstract In the Anti-Atlas, the Boumalne basin includes 3,000 m of Middle Neoproterozoic sediments. It consists of turbiditic deposits folded during the major Pan-African event ca 685 Ma. A syn-sedimentary basaltic pile of lava flows is interbedded in the upper part of the lower formation. These lavas show an initial rift tholeiite (IRT) chemical signature. Petrographical analysis of sediments and typology of detrital zircons indicate a continental margin sedimentation, without any volcano-sedimentary supply from a close volcanic arc. It is concluded that the Boumalne Basin formed in a continental passive margin evolving from an intracontinental rift. This interpretation differs clearly from that of a back-arc basin which is commonly accepted. Hence, the opening of this basin is related to the pre-Pan-African Saghro rift synchronous to the Central Anti-Atlas oceanization, and not to the demise of this oceanic domain along an active margin.

Guadalupian (Permian) onset of subduction zone volcanism and geodynamic turnover from passive- to active-margin tectonics in southeast China

2019 ◽  
Vol 132 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 130-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng-Qi Zhang ◽  
Hong-Xiang Wu ◽  
Yildirim Dilek ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Kong-Yang Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
South China ◽  
Carbonate Platform ◽  
Passive Margin ◽  
Magma Source ◽  
South China Block ◽  
The South ◽  
Active Margin ◽  
Topographic High

Abstract New stratigraphic, geochemical, and geochronological data from the late Paleozoic depositional record in Anhui Province, China, signal the onset of active-margin magmatism in East Asia. Chert-shale sequences of the Gufeng Formation are part of a Carboniferous–Permian carbonate platform that developed along the passive margin of the South China block. Thin tuffaceous interlayers in these sequences represent distal ash deposits, marking discrete volcanic events. Sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP) U-Pb zircon dating of the stratigraphically bottom and near-top tuffaceous interlayers has revealed crystallization ages of 270 Ma and 264 Ma, respectively, constraining the time span of subaerial eruptions to ∼6 m.y. during the Guadalupian Epoch. High SiO2 and Al2O3 contents, enrichments in large ion lithophile and light rare earth elements, and depletion patterns of high field strength and heavy rare earth elements indicate a calc-alkaline magma source in an arc setting for the origin of these volcanic tuff deposits. Detrital zircon geochronology of sandstones in the overlying Longtan Formation shows two prominent age populations of 290–250 Ma and 1910–1800 Ma. The former age cluster overlaps with the tightly constrained zircon ages obtained from the Gufeng Formation. The latter age group is compatible with the known magmatic-metamorphic ages from Cathaysia in the South China block, and it points to the existence of a NE-SW–trending topographic high as a major sediment source. We interpret this topographic high and silicic volcanism to represent an Andean-type active margin, developed above a north-dipping paleo-Pacific slab. Our tightly constrained Guadalupian eruption ages indicate the inception of magmatic arc construction and mark a major switch from passive- to active-margin tectonics along SE Asia.

scholarly journals The Geochemical and Isotopic Record of Wilson Cycles in Northwestern South America: From the Iapetus to the Caribbean

Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Richard Spikings ◽  
Roelant Van der Lelij
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Passive Margin ◽  
Large Igneous Province ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
Active Margin ◽  
Iapetus Ocean ◽  
Continental Arc ◽  
Wilson Cycle ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Back Arc

Isotopic and geochemical data delineate passive margin, rift and active margin cycles in northwestern South America since ~623 Ma, spanning from the Iapetus Wilson Cycle. Ultramafic and mafic rocks record rifting associated with the formation of the Iapetus Ocean during 623–531 Ma, while the initiation of subduction of the Iapetus and Rheic oceans is recorded by continental arc plutons that formed during 499–414 Ma, with alternating compressive and extensional stages. Muscovite 40Ar/39Ar dates suggest there may have been a phase of Carboniferous metamorphism, although this remains tentative. A Passive margin was modified by active margin magmatism that started at ~294 Ma and culminated with collisional tectonics that signaled the final stages of the amalgamation of western Pangaea. Early Pangaea fragmentation included back-arc rifting during 245–216 Ma, leading to a Pacific active margin that spanned from 213–115 Ma. Trench retreat accelerated during 144–115 Ma, forming a highly attenuated continental margin prior to the collision of the Caribbean Large Igneous Province at ~75 Ma.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document