A Paradigm Shift in Monitoring Pipeline Leaks - Combining Sensorless NPW with RTTM

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eran Inbar ◽  
Eitan Rowen ◽  
Avi Motil ◽  
Eitan Elkin ◽  
Michael Tankersley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Leak Detection ◽  
Transient Model ◽  
Fiber Sensing ◽  
Accurate Localization ◽  
Physical Measurements ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Hybrid Solution ◽  
Combined Solution ◽  
New Applications

Abstract Leak detection solutions in pipelines use several known methods and technologies. However, each method and its underlying technology has their benefits and drawbacks. This article will present and evaluate a hybrid solution that combines two methods based on different physical measurements and quantities to ensure a superior detection probability, short detection time, accurate localization of faults, and minimal false alarm rates. In addition, this solution also features preventive capabilities by pointing out problematic areas in a pipeline that may need more attention. The article presents a novel approach for pipeline monitoring using a combined solution with the strengths of real-time transient model (RTTM) technology and the power of next-generation fiber sensing geared towards leak detection. On top of acoustic sensing for leaks, it features continuous pipeline integrity monitoring where, using subtle characteristics of propagating negative pressure waves (NPW), pipeline sections signatures are tracked, aiming to detect changes that might expose pipeline integrity issues that can enable the operator to take preventive measures and plan maintenance events. Such a hybrid solution, from AVEVA™ (RTTM) and Prisma Photonics (fiber sensing), will obtain higher levels of performance and reliability. In addition, such a hybrid approach responds to the increasing regulatory demand to have two continuously working solutions based on different physical measures to ensure leak detection and prevention of substance spillage. This article intends to introduce such a hybrid solution with new applications in predictive maintenance for pipeline operators and shed more light on the benefits of such a solution facing further regulatory demands.

A hybrid approach to fast and accurate localization for legged robots

Robotica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 817-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Samperio ◽  
Huosheng Hu ◽  
Francisco Martín ◽  
Vicente Matellán
Keyword(s):  
Tracking System ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Legged Robots ◽  
Walking Robots ◽  
Localization Method ◽  
Accurate Localization ◽  
Combined Solution ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Sony Aibo

SUMMARYThis paper describes a hybrid approach to a fast and accurate localization method for legged robots based on Fuzzy-Markov (FM) and Extended Kalman Filters (EKF). Both FM and EKF techniques have been used in robot localization and exhibit different characteristics in terms of processing time, convergence, and accuracy. We propose a Fuzzy-Markov–Kalman (FM–EKF) localization method as a combined solution for a poor predictable platform such as Sony Aibo walking robots. The experimental results show the performance of EKF, FM, and FM-EKF in a localization task with simple movements, combined behaviors, and kidnapped situations. An overhead tracking system was adopted to provide a ground truth to verify the performance of the proposed method.

scholarly journals An Adaptive and Hybrid Approach for Revisiting the Visibility Pipeline

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ícaro Lins Leitão Da Cunha ◽  
Luiz Marcos Garcia Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
3D Visualization ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Interactive Applications ◽  
Processing Power ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Hybrid Solution ◽  
Back Face ◽  
On Line ◽  
Traditional Approaches

We revisit the visibility problem, which is traditionally known in Computer Graphics and Vision fields as the process of computing a (potentially) visible set of primitives in the computational model of a scene. We propose a hybrid solution that uses a dry structure (in the sense of data reduction), a triangulation of the type Ja 1 , to accelerate the task of searching for visible primitives. We came up with a solution that is useful for real-time, on-line, interactive applications as 3D visualization. In such applications the main goal is to load the minimum amount of primitives from the scene during the rendering stage, as possible. For this purpose, our algorithm executes the culling by using a hybrid paradigm based on viewing-frustum, back-face culling and occlusion models. Results have shown substantial improvement over these traditional approaches if applied separately. This novel approach can be used in devices with no dedicated processors or with low processing power, as cell phones or embedded displays, or to visualize data through the Internet, as in virtual museums applications.

Assessing the Hybrid Solution

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly M. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Moral Theory ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Hybrid Solution

Chapter 13 completes the development and assessment of the Hybrid approach. Final developments involve introducing the concept of an action’s being “decision-mandated,” redefining “subjective obligatoriness” using this concept, and requiring (in order to avoid reemergence of the moral laundry list) that rankings of the guides at all levels be modally robust relative to the governing Code C. Nonetheless some agents may experience forms of sophisticated uncertainty about which act should be chosen according to this Constrained Standards Hybrid approach. In such cases, hopefully rare, there is no subjectively obligatory act and there is no way for the agent to indirectly apply her moral theory. Even so, the Constrained Standards Hybrid approach appears to be the best solution to the problems of error and uncertainty despite the fact that it cannot wholly solve the epistemic limitations that agents may confront.

scholarly journals Sensor Fusion-Based Approach to Eliminating Moving Objects for SLAM in Dynamic Environments

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 230
Author(s):  
Xiangwei Dang ◽  
Zheng Rong ◽  
Xingdong Liang
Keyword(s):  
State Estimation ◽  
Autonomous Navigation ◽  
Moving Objects ◽  
Physical Simulation ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Dynamic Environments ◽  
Accurate Localization ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Localization And Mapping ◽  
Real World Datasets

Accurate localization and reliable mapping is essential for autonomous navigation of robots. As one of the core technologies for autonomous navigation, Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) has attracted widespread attention in recent decades. Based on vision or LiDAR sensors, great efforts have been devoted to achieving real-time SLAM that can support a robot’s state estimation. However, most of the mature SLAM methods generally work under the assumption that the environment is static, while in dynamic environments they will yield degenerate performance or even fail. In this paper, first we quantitatively evaluate the performance of the state-of-the-art LiDAR-based SLAMs taking into account different pattens of moving objects in the environment. Through semi-physical simulation, we observed that the shape, size, and distribution of moving objects all can impact the performance of SLAM significantly, and obtained instructive investigation results by quantitative comparison between LOAM and LeGO-LOAM. Secondly, based on the above investigation, a novel approach named EMO to eliminating the moving objects for SLAM fusing LiDAR and mmW-radar is proposed, towards improving the accuracy and robustness of state estimation. The method fully uses the advantages of different characteristics of two sensors to realize the fusion of sensor information with two different resolutions. The moving objects can be efficiently detected based on Doppler effect by radar, accurately segmented and localized by LiDAR, then filtered out from the point clouds through data association and accurate synchronized in time and space. Finally, the point clouds representing the static environment are used as the input of SLAM. The proposed approach is evaluated through experiments using both semi-physical simulation and real-world datasets. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the method at improving SLAM performance in accuracy (decrease by 30% at least in absolute position error) and robustness in dynamic environments.

scholarly journals HPM: A Hybrid Model for User’s Behavior Prediction Based on N-Gram Parsing and Access Logs

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Sonia Setia ◽  
Verma Jyoti ◽  
Neelam Duhan
Keyword(s):  
Web Mining ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Content Mining ◽  
Long Access ◽  
N Gram ◽  
The Individual

The continuous growth of the World Wide Web has led to the problem of long access delays. To reduce this delay, prefetching techniques have been used to predict the users’ browsing behavior to fetch the web pages before the user explicitly demands that web page. To make near accurate predictions for users’ search behavior is a complex task faced by researchers for many years. For this, various web mining techniques have been used. However, it is observed that either of the methods has its own set of drawbacks. In this paper, a novel approach has been proposed to make a hybrid prediction model that integrates usage mining and content mining techniques to tackle the individual challenges of both these approaches. The proposed method uses N-gram parsing along with the click count of the queries to capture more contextual information as an effort to improve the prediction of web pages. Evaluation of the proposed hybrid approach has been done by using AOL search logs, which shows a 26% increase in precision of prediction and a 10% increase in hit ratio on average as compared to other mining techniques.

Leak detection of long-distance district heating pipeline: A hydraulic transient model-based approach

Energy ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 121604
Author(s):  
Xuejing Zheng ◽  
Fangshu Hu ◽  
Yaran Wang ◽  
Lijun Zheng ◽  
Xinyong Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
District Heating ◽  
Leak Detection ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Transient Model ◽  
Hydraulic Transient ◽  
Model Based

Axillary pullout syndrome: A novel approach to managing a devastating complication

Vascular ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 170853812110489
Author(s):  
Nathan W Kugler ◽  
Brian D Lewis ◽  
Michael Malinowski
Keyword(s):  
Stent Graft ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Bypass Graft ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Inpatient Rehabilitation ◽  
Anastomotic Dehiscence ◽  
Open Approach ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of

Objectives Axillary pullout syndrome is a complex, potentially fatal complication following axillary-femoral bypass graft creation. The re-operative nature, in addition to ongoing hemorrhage, makes for a complicated and potentially morbid repair. Methods We present the case of a 57-year-old man with history of a previous left axillary-femoral-femoral bypass who presented with acute limb-threatening ischemia as a result of bypass thrombosis managed with a right axillary-femoral bypass for limb salvage. His postoperative course was complicated by an axillary anastomotic dehiscence while recovering in inpatient rehabilitation resulting in acute, life-threatening hemorrhage. He was managed utilizing a novel hybrid approach in which a retrograde stent graft was initially placed across the anastomotic dehiscence for control of hemorrhage. He then underwent exploration, decompression, and interposition graft repair utilizing the newly placed stent graft to reinforce the redo axillary anastomosis. Results and Conclusion Compared with a traditional operative approach, the hybrid endovascular and open approach limited ongoing hemorrhage while providing a more stable platform for repair and graft revascularization. A hybrid approach to the management of axillary pullout syndrome provides a safe, effective means to the management of axillary anastomotic dehiscence while minimizing the morbidity of ongoing hemorrhage.

scholarly journals Leak Detection Systems for Short Pipelines

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renan Martins Baptista
Keyword(s):  
Detection System ◽  
Leak Detection ◽  
Low Complexity ◽  
Transient Model ◽  
Service Companies ◽  
Detection Systems ◽  
Volume Balance ◽  
Pipeline Networks ◽  
Phase Liquid ◽  
Flow Detection

This paper describes procedures developed by PETROBRAS Research & Development Center to assess a software-based leak detection system (LDS) for short pipelines. These so-called “Low Complexity Pipelines” are short pipeline segments with single-phase liquid flow. Detection solutions offered by service companies are frequently designed for large pipeline networks, with batches and multiple injections and deliveries. Such solutions are sometimes impractical for short pipelines, due to high cost, long tuning procedures, complex instrumentation and substantial computing requirements. The approach outlined here is a corporate approach that optimizes a LDS for shorter lines. The two most popular implemented techniques are the Compensated Volume Balance (CVB), and the Real Time Transient Model (RTTM). The first approach is less accurate, reliable and robust when compared to the second. However, it can be cheaper, simpler, faster to install and very effective, being marginally behind the second one, and very cost-efective. This paper describes a procedure to determine whether one can use a CVB in a short pipeline.

scholarly journals A Novel Approach to the Syntax of Chinese Adjectival Predicates: Differences between Standard Mandarin and Sichuanese Mandarin

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 122-126
Author(s):  
Haoyue Fu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mandarin Chinese ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Present Theory ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Crosslinguistic Variation

In Mandarin Chinese, bare adjectives can only function as predicates when they co-occur with some other elements in certain contexts, most typically the degree adverb hen ‘very’. This phenomenon cannot be found in other languages like English. To explain this crosslinguistic variation, researchers have developed different theories, among them the most developed theory regards hen ‘very’ as an overt positive morpheme. Previous studies have all focused on just one Mandarin variety, namely Standard Mandarin (STM). However, the present theory cannot apply to other Mandarin varieties like Sichuanese Mandarin which, as this paper demonstrates, does not have an overt positive morpheme. This paper provides new data from Sichuanese Mandarin and proposes that register grammar should be taken into consideration. A novel, hybrid approach to explain this crossdialectal variation is given in this paper.

A novel approach to the creation of a labelling lexicon for improving emotion analysis in text

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Segura Navarrete ◽  
Claudia Martinez-Araneda ◽  
Christian Vidal-Castro ◽  
Clemente Rubio-Manzano
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Automatic Process ◽  
Emotion Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Emotion Lexicon ◽  
And Gender

Purpose This paper aims to describe the process used to create an emotion lexicon enriched with the emotional intensity of words and focuses on improving the emotion analysis process in texts. Design/methodology/approach The process includes setting, preparation and labelling stages. In the first stage, a lexicon is selected. It must include a translation to the target language and labelling according to Plutchik’s eight emotions. The second stage starts with the validation of the translations. Then, it is expanded with the synonyms of the emotion synsets of each word. In the labelling stage, the similarity of words is calculated and displayed using WordNet similarity. Findings The authors’ approach shows better performance to identification of the predominant emotion for the selected corpus. The most relevant is the improvement obtained in the results of the emotion analysis in a hybrid approach compared to the results obtained in a purist approach. Research limitations/implications The proposed lexicon can still be enriched by incorporating elements such as emojis, idioms and colloquial expressions. Practical implications This work is part of a research project that aids in solving problems in a digital society, such as detecting cyberbullying, abusive language and gender violence in texts or exercising parental control. Detection of depressive states in young people and children is added. Originality/value This semi-automatic process can be applied to any language to generate an emotion lexicon. This resource will be available in a software tool that implements a crowdsourcing strategy allowing the intensity to be re-labelled and new words to be automatically incorporated into the lexicon.

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