The relationships between police officers` negative perceptions of citizen behavior and withdrawal from proactive policing activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Hyounggon Kwak
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Proactive Policing ◽  
Negative Perceptions

The 2011 Stanley Cup Riot: police perspectives and lessons learned

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garth Davies ◽  
Stephanie E Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Operational Planning ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Canadian Context ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
Police Perceptions ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine crowd violence in relation to the 2011 Stanley Cup Riot from the perspective of those police officers who were involved in the event, and identify any lessons that can be learned from this incident. Design/methodology/approach – A total of 460 Vancouver police officers participated in this study. Police perceptions of the riot were elicited via mailed questionnaires, which focused on key themes related to crowd disorder and police response, including preparations, deployment, training, safety, causes, and future prevention. Questionnaire responses were analyzed using descriptive approaches and one-sample t-tests. Findings – The study findings revealed that, in general, police felt ill-prepared prior to the riot, and ill- and unsafe during the riot. Their responses also suggested that their negative perceptions of the riot were the result of a few prominent factors, namely inadequate deployment, a lack of operational planning, and the presence of a large and belligerent crowd. Research limitations/implications – This study represents an important first step in understanding the issues associated with preventing and containing disorderly crowds from the perspective of police officers. Although valuable, this study does have a few limitations, including post hoc data collection. Practical implications – This study provides important insights into the causes of riots and the particular difficulties officers face during the course of a riot. These insights may be used by departments to assist with planning and preparations related to preventing riots and effectively limiting crowd disorder. Originality/value – This is the first study to examine police perceptions in a Canadian context. It utilizes a comparatively large sample, and is among the very few studies that includes the views of officers who have actually experienced a riot.

scholarly journals Solving Bangkok’s Traffic Problems

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nualmanee Bhu-anantanondh ◽  
Sunee Kanyajit ◽  
Apasiri Suwannanon ◽  
Patchara Sinloyma
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
Training And Development ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Traffic Police ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
The City

Bangkok is reported to have the worst traffic in the world, a situation that has a detrimental effect on the economic, social and financial development of the city. This mixed-methods study of the enforcement of Thailand’s Road Traffic Act, B.E. 2522 (1979) surveyed drivers in Bangkok and interviewed police traffic officers. The results reveal negative perceptions of drivers towards traffic police officers, poor law enforcement and disparity in policing practice. They also show that drivers lack road discipline and do not fear the consequence of any wrongdoing because they perceive that the Act merely prescribes petty offences and traffic police officers only impose light punishments. To support the cultural changes necessary to alter these perceptions, and enhance the economic and social development of the city, a range of strategies will be necessary, including training and development among drivers and law enforcement officers and strengthened legal provisions.

Sex trafficking and the role of state police within Australia

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angeleke Elfes ◽  
Philip Birch
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Sex Trafficking ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Organised Crime ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Proactive Policing ◽  
State Police ◽  
Police Forces

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine operational policing practice with reference to reducing sex trafficking. Design/methodology/approach – This is a qualitative study in which in-depth structured interviews were conducted with state police officers in one state of Australia. Findings – The paper reveals that state police officers have a good understanding of sex trafficking and are involved in reactive policing methods in order to reduce this crime type. The data set yields a limitation in proactive policing methods for reducing sex trafficking, primarily due to human and financial resources and the composition of state and federal laws and policing practices in Australia. Those interviewed also noted how sex trafficking can disguise itself as legitimate sex work. Research limitations/implications – The effectiveness in operational practice at the local, national and international level in reducing sex trafficking can be enhanced through a more co-ordinated response to the problem. Recognition of better communication strategies and partnership working can support a reduction in sex trafficking as well as allowing those who are trafficked the status of “victim”. Practical implications – To ensure those who are trafficked for sexual servitude are viewed and treated as victims within the law. To review how state police forces in Australia are resourced in order to proactively address sex trafficking. To ensure state police forces can engage in more proactive policing initiatives in order to prevent sex trafficking. Reflect on examples of good practice between federal and state police forces in Australia to implement a co-ordinated approach for combatting sex trafficking. Originality/value – This is one of just a few studies examining organised crime from the perspective of law enforcement personnel within Australia.

The Overlooked Perspective of Police Trust in the Public: Measurement and Effects on Police Job Behaviors

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 639-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott M. Mourtgos ◽  
Roger C. Mayer ◽  
Richard A. Wise ◽  
Holly O’Rourke
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Job Performance ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
The United States ◽  
Performance Data ◽  
The Public ◽  
Job Behaviors ◽  
Proactive Policing

Many studies have looked at the public’s trust in the police, but very few have examined police trust in the public. Based on Mayer, Davis, and Schoorman’s model of trust, we conducted two studies. The first study created scales measuring the antecedents of trust and assessed police trust in the public based on a survey of 990 police officers from across the United States. The second study used the trust measures developed in the first study, as well as supervisors’ evaluations and archival performance data, in a study of the job performance of 135 police officers. We found that officers who had greater trust in the public engaged in more proactive policing and made more arrests. We discuss the implications of these findings, including what they mean for police officers and the communities they serve.

scholarly journals Body-worn cameras: determining the democratic habitus of policing

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 213-223
Author(s):  
Baris Cayli ◽  
Charlotte Hargreaves ◽  
Philip Hodgson
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
East Midlands ◽  
Negative Perceptions

PurposeThis study advances our knowledge about the effectiveness of body-worn cameras (BWCs) through exploring the perceptions of English police officers in three principal areas: positive perceptions, negative perceptions and evidence-focussed perceptions. In doing so, the purpose of this paper is to shed new light on the democratising process in the habitus of policing.Design/methodology/approachThis study presents a novel data set that evaluates the introduction of BWC to police officers in the East Midlands area of England. The authors conducted an extensive survey to explore the perceptions of 162 police officers about the BWCs. The authors examined the empirical data using Stata within the theoretical framework of Pierre Bourdieu concerning the concept of habitus.FindingsThe authors have found that most police officers perceive that BWCs have a positive impact on policing practices and evidence collection. The positive perceptions and evidence-focussed perceptions increase the importance of BWCs; however, there are also negative perceptions regarding effective policing, administrative functionality and establishing a better relationship with the community. The authors argued that all three areas: positive perceptions, negative perceptions and evidence-focussed perceptions play a stimulating role to democratise the habitus of policing. On the other hand, BWCs do not guarantee the consolidation of democratic principles in the habitus of policing because of the authority of police to decide when, where and how to use BWCs.Research limitations/implicationsThe research is limited to the perceptions of 162 police officers in East Midlands before they actually started using it. A future study to analyse their real-life experiences after using the BWCs may help us to compare their perceptions before using it with real-life experiences after BWCs are used. In addition, a comparative approach between countries in future research will help to explain the role of technological applications in different social geographies and legal systems.Originality/valueThis study offers new insights about the perceptions of police on BWCs before they started using them. The authors introduce the democratic habitus of policing as an innovative concept and explored power dynamics in the habitus of policing through BWCs. The findings provide a strong empirical contribution to determine the conditions of democratic habitus of policing. In doing so, this study develops our theoretical knowledge about the habitus concept in sociology by employing BWCs in policing activities.

scholarly journals Explaining the Recent Homicide Spikes in U.S. Cities

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 83-127
Author(s):  
Paul G. Cassell
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Important Implication ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Police Custody ◽  
Close Analysis ◽  
Proactive Policing ◽  
American Cities ◽  
Ferguson Effect

Recently, major cities across the country have suffered dramatic spikes in homicides. These sudden spikes are remarkably large and widespread. At this rate, 2020 will easily be the deadliest year in America for gun-related homicides since at least 1999, while most other major crime categories are trending stable or slightly downward. This article attempts to explain why so many cities have seen extraordinary increases in murder during the summer of 2020. A close analysis of the emerging crime patterns suggests that American cities may be witnessing significant declines in some forms of policing, which in turn are producing the homicide spikes. Crime rates are increasing only for a few specific categories—namely homicides and shootings. These crime categories are particularly responsive to reductions in proactive policing. The data also pinpoint the timing of the spikes to late May 2020, which corresponds with the death of George Floyd while in police custody in Minneapolis and subsequent antipolice protests—protests that likely led to declines in law enforcement. The thesis of this article is that the recent spikes in homicides have been caused by a “Minneapolis Effect,” similar to the earlier “Ferguson Effect.” Specifically, law enforcement agencies have been forced to divert resources from normal policing to patrolling demonstrations. And even as the antipolice protests have abated, police officers have scaled back on proactive or officer-initiated law enforcement, such as street stops and other forms of policing designed to prevent firearm crimes. If this thesis is correct, it is reasonable to estimate that, as a result of de-policing during June and July 2020, approximately 710 additional victims were murdered and more than 2,800 victims were shot. Of course, this estimate relies on various assumptions, and further research on the issues surrounding the homicide spikes should be an urgent priority. If this article’s thesis about a Minneapolis Effect is correct, an important implication is that policy makers in major cities should proceed cautiously before taking steps to “defund” the police in ways that might reduce the proactive policing that is important in preventing gun violence.

The Expendables: A Qualitative Study of Police Officers’ Responses to Organizational Injustice

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D. Reynolds ◽  
Brett A. Fitzgerald ◽  
Jeremiah Hicks
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Work Outcomes ◽  
Production Deviance ◽  
Citizen Complaints ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
Organizational Injustice

The purpose of this study was to identify events linked to police officers’ assessments of fairness within their departments, identify how officers’ felt about events they perceived as unfair, and record officers’ responses to perceived organizational injustice. This was a qualitative study that applied a phenomenological approach and information was collected from 24 officers through the use of semistructured interviews. The predominant organizational events linked to fairness assessments among participants included disciplinary actions, citizen complaints, blocked career aspirations, and officer–supervisor conflicts. Overwhelmingly, officers reported these events made them feel angry. These events fostered feelings of increased skepticism and not being supported or feeling expendable. Analyses of data revealed two salient forms of negative work outcomes as responses to perceived organizational injustice: production deviance and self-protective behaviors. This study expands our understanding of which events foster negative perceptions of injustice while exposing how police officers react to those experiences. These findings should be of particular interest to individuals interested in policing, organizational justice, or organizational behavior.

Case Studies in Dementia-Related Anxiety

GeroPsych ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Molly Maxfield ◽  
Jennifer R. Roberts ◽  
JoAnna Dieker
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Social Withdrawal ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Neurocognitive Disorder ◽  
High Genetic Risk ◽  
Disease Case ◽  
Negative Perceptions

Abstract. Two clients seeking neuropsychological assessment reported anxiety about their cognitive status. We review the cases to increase our understanding of factors contributing to dementia-related anxiety. Case 1 met the criteria for mild neurocognitive disorder; the client’s memory was impaired, and she had a high genetic risk for Alzheimer’s disease. The client reported anxiety about negative perceptions of quality of life among individuals diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease. Case 2 did not meet the criteria for a neurocognitive disorder. Anxiety about this client’s cognitive status appeared attributable to generalized anxiety disorder, given his anxiety about diverse topics. Both clients reported embarrassment about forgetfulness and social withdrawal. Dementia-related anxiety is believed to be relatively common, to exist on a continuum, to have unique social implications, and to stem from various sources, necessitating differing interventions.

The Negative Consequences of Stuttering for Perceptions of Leadership Ability

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Virgil Zeigler-Hill ◽  
Avi Besser ◽  
Yuval Besser
Keyword(s):  
Self Esteem ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Perceived Leadership ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Perceptions Of Leadership

Abstract. The purpose of the present study was to extend previous research concerning the negative perceptions of stuttering by considering the perceived leadership ability of targets who stuttered compared with targets who did not stutter. We were also interested in the possibility that negative perceptions of the targets (i.e., low levels of self-esteem, intelligence, dominance-based status motivation, and prestige-based status motivation) would mediate the association between stuttering and a lack of perceived leadership ability as well as the possibility that manipulating the ostensible self-esteem level of the target would further moderate these associations. The results for 838 Israeli community members revealed a negative association between stuttering and perceived leadership ability that was mediated by the perceived self-esteem level and dominance-based status motivation of the target. Further, the associations between stuttering and perceptions of leadership ability were moderated by the ostensible self-esteem level of the target. Discussion focuses on the implications of these results for understanding the negative halo that surrounds stuttering.

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